Locomotive engine drivers

Maquinistas de locomotoras

4.0
AI exposure: Moderate
4 / 10
Theoretical estimate — not a prediction
Employees
5K
Average salary
30,597 €
Exposed wage index
59M €
employment × salary × score
Score sub-components
D
Displacement potential 4
C
Current AI capability 5.5
F
Physical barrier 8.5
R
Regulatory friction 8
Formula: (D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)
Automation vector
Railway drivers operate passenger or freight trains using digital in-cab control systems and physical track surveillance. AI and ATO (Automatic Train Operation) systems already enable autonomous driving on metro and commuter rail networks with high safety and operational efficiency. The human driver's presence is maintained for managing physical emergencies, signaling system failures, and supervising passenger safety on the train.
Automation vector (Spanish)
Los maquinistas ferroviarios operan trenes de pasajeros o mercancías mediante sistemas de control digital en cabina y vigilancia física de la vía. La IA y los sistemas ATO (Automatic Train Operation) ya permiten la conducción autónoma en redes de metro y cercanías con alta seguridad y eficiencia operativa. La presencia del maquinista humano se mantiene para la gestión de emergencias físicas, fallos de los sistemas de señalización y la supervisión de la seguridad de los pasajeros en el tren.
Hybrid EU AI Act: High risk Employment confidence: A
→ Open in the interactive dashboard
Source: LFS Q4 2025, INE Census 2021, SEPE 2024 · Methodology v30 · CC BY 4.0 · Authors: Álvaro de Nicolás, Miguel Sureda