Bookkeepers

Tenedores de libros

7.0
AI exposure: High
7 / 10
Theoretical estimate — not a prediction
Employees
7K
Average salary
29,254 €
Exposed wage index
144M €
employment × salary × score
Score sub-components
D
Displacement potential 9.5
C
Current AI capability 9
F
Physical barrier 0.5
R
Regulatory friction 2
Formula: (D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20) Rescored: 5 → 7
Automation vector
Bookkeepers record the daily financial transactions of businesses, a digital task of data entry and classification. AI, through automatic invoice processing and direct bank integration, already automates nearly all basic bookkeeping without human intervention. This profession is undergoing a transformation towards management control, due to the extreme vulnerability of manual data recording.
Automation vector (Spanish)
Los tenedores de libros registran las transacciones financieras diarias de las empresas, una tarea digital de entrada y clasificación de datos. La IA, mediante el procesamiento automático de facturas y la integración bancaria directa, ya automatiza casi todo el registro contable básico sin intervención humana. Esta profesión está en un proceso de transformación hacia el control de gestión, debido a la extrema vulnerabilidad del registro manual de datos.
Hybrid EU AI Act: Minimal risk Employment confidence: A
→ Open in the interactive dashboard
Source: LFS Q4 2025, INE Census 2021, SEPE 2024 · Methodology v30 · CC BY 4.0 · Authors: Álvaro de Nicolás, Miguel Sureda