[ { "cno": "1111", "nombre": "Members of the executive branch (national, regional and local) and legislature", "sector": "Management", "empleo": 3534, "empleo_v10": 7103, "empleo_delta_v11": -3569, "salario_medio_eur": 79282, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "The tasks of members of the executive and legislative branches involve creating regulations, making strategic decisions, and political representation, constituting a high-level cognitive hybrid activity. Artificial intelligence, through large language models (LLMs), already assists in drafting legal texts and analyzing large volumes of public data to inform policy. However, ethical responsibility, direct political negotiation, and democratic sovereignty are irreplaceable human functions under the EU AI Act framework.", "census_2021_employed": 18066, "epa_2digit_empleo": 56200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 93, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 54, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 39, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 205, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 86, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 119, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 253, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 7.2, "rescore_C": 5.2, "rescore_F": 5.8, "rescore_R": 10, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.38, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 240, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11107514, "pct_workforce_descending": 48.8624 }, { "cno": "1112", "nombre": "Senior officials of the Public Administration", "sector": "Management", "empleo": 15502, "empleo_v10": 7102, "empleo_delta_v11": 8400, "salario_medio_eur": 67085, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5.5, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "The work of senior public administration officials focuses on managing public resources and implementing state policies, tasks that blend digital bureaucracy with human team management. AI systems can optimize budget allocation and detect inefficiencies through predictive analytics, streamlining complex administrative processes. Human oversight remains critical to ensure administrative fairness and compliance with the legal guarantees of Spanish administrative procedure.", "census_2021_employed": 18066, "epa_2digit_empleo": 56200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 408, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 195, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 213, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 585, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 258, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 327, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 595, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8.5, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 2.5, "rescore_R": 9, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.86, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 5890481, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 25.9125, "rank_in_descending": 101, "cumulative_workers_descending": 5845637, "pct_workforce_descending": 25.7152 }, { "cno": "1113", "nombre": "Directors of social interest organisations", "sector": "Management", "empleo": 15920, "empleo_v10": 7102, "empleo_delta_v11": 8818, "salario_medio_eur": 67085, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Directors of social interest organizations coordinate humanitarian and welfare activities, basing their work on empathy, resource mobilization, and stakeholder management. AI facilitates donor segmentation and logistics optimization of aid through operational research algorithms. However, the ethical nature of these organizations and the need to generate human trust limit the full automation of strategic leadership.", "census_2021_employed": 18066, "epa_2digit_empleo": 56200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 419, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 174, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 245, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 579, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 205, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 374, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 565, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 3, "rescore_R": 5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.06, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 5890481, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 25.9125, "rank_in_descending": 100, "cumulative_workers_descending": 5830135, "pct_workforce_descending": 25.647 }, { "cno": "1120", "nombre": "Chief executives and managing directors", "sector": "Management", "empleo": 21244, "empleo_v10": 40422, "empleo_delta_v11": -19178, "salario_medio_eur": 79282, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "CEOs and executive presidents lead corporate strategy and critical decision-making in uncertain environments, operating in a high-responsibility hybrid mode. Generative AI tools and data analytics already provide predictive scenarios and market summaries that refine executive vision. The ability to inspire teams, manage reputational crises, and bear ultimate legal responsibility to shareholders remain strongholds of human intervention.", "census_2021_employed": 32937, "epa_2digit_empleo": 56200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2172, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1638, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 534, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1981, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1473, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 508, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1930, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8.5, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 3, "rescore_R": 6, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.03, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 5890481, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 25.9125, "rank_in_descending": 99, "cumulative_workers_descending": 5814215, "pct_workforce_descending": 25.577 }, { "cno": "1211", "nombre": "Finance directors", "sector": "Management", "empleo": 58346, "empleo_v10": 60680, "empleo_delta_v11": -2334, "salario_medio_eur": 73183, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Financial management is a predominantly digital occupation focused on planning, cost control, and the preparation of financial statements. Currently, AI agents and machine learning automate fraud detection, balance sheet consolidation, and cash flow projections with high accuracy. Although strategic financial judgment is highly exposed, auditing regulations and corporate liability require a human professional to validate the highest-risk decisions.", "census_2021_employed": 136980, "epa_2digit_empleo": 279100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 3716, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2391, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1325, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3339, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1983, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1356, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 3301, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 1, "rescore_R": 6, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 4.79, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 3449439, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 15.1742, "rank_in_descending": 51, "cumulative_workers_descending": 3341146, "pct_workforce_descending": 14.6978 }, { "cno": "1212", "nombre": "Human resources directors", "sector": "Management", "empleo": 32831, "empleo_v10": 60680, "empleo_delta_v11": -27849, "salario_medio_eur": 64035, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Human resources directors manage human capital, organizational culture, and labor relations, combining digital processes with personal interactions. AI is already transforming the sector through algorithmic CV screening, employee sentiment analysis, and payroll automation. Managing internal conflicts, negotiating with unions, and interpreting the emotional complexity of staff maintain the relevance of the human factor.", "census_2021_employed": 136980, "epa_2digit_empleo": 279100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2091, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 792, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1299, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1981, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 795, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1186, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1923, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8.5, "rescore_C": 7.5, "rescore_F": 2.5, "rescore_R": 7, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.63, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 4669215, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 20.5401, "rank_in_descending": 75, "cumulative_workers_descending": 4519804, "pct_workforce_descending": 19.8828 }, { "cno": "1219", "nombre": "Directors of policy, planning and other administrative departments n.e.c.", "sector": "Management", "empleo": 74707, "empleo_v10": 60680, "empleo_delta_v11": 14027, "salario_medio_eur": 70134, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "These administrative directors plan and oversee internal departmental policies, basing their activity on managing information flows and regulations. Robotic process automation (RPA) systems and LLMs can draft procedure manuals and monitor internal regulatory compliance efficiently. Adapting to unforeseen legislative changes and coordinating across diverse departments require a cognitive flexibility that AI has not yet fully matched.", "census_2021_employed": 136980, "epa_2digit_empleo": 279100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 4758, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2778, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1980, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2468, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1515, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 953, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2331, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 2, "rescore_R": 6, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.97, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 4669215, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 20.5401, "rank_in_descending": 68, "cumulative_workers_descending": 4147274, "pct_workforce_descending": 18.244 }, { "cno": "1221", "nombre": "Sales and marketing directors", "sector": "Management", "empleo": 79959, "empleo_v10": 40720, "empleo_delta_v11": 39239, "salario_medio_eur": 60986, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Commercial management focuses on sales strategy, market expansion, and leading sales teams, making it a hybrid role with high communicative intensity. Predictive AI already identifies high-probability leads and optimizes sales routes, while intelligent CRMs automate customer follow-up. Closing complex deals and building long-term trust-based relationships still depend on human social intelligence.", "census_2021_employed": 93489, "epa_2digit_empleo": 279100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 10016, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 6516, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 3500, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 19135, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 11744, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 7391, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 18573, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 4, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.81, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 4669215, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 20.5401, "rank_in_descending": 67, "cumulative_workers_descending": 4072567, "pct_workforce_descending": 17.9154 }, { "cno": "1222", "nombre": "Advertising and public relations directors", "sector": "Management", "empleo": 12254, "empleo_v10": 40719, "empleo_delta_v11": -28465, "salario_medio_eur": 67085, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Advertising and public relations directors design brand image and communication strategies — tasks that are digital in execution but creative in origin. Multimodal generative AI tools already produce advertising content, analyze market trends in real time, and optimize media buying. Intuition about cultural sensitivities and managing reputational crises within the Spanish social context demand constant human oversight.", "census_2021_employed": 93489, "epa_2digit_empleo": 279100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1535, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 691, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 844, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2081, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 857, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1224, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2080, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9, "rescore_C": 8.5, "rescore_F": 2, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 6.2, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 4669215, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 20.5401, "rank_in_descending": 80, "cumulative_workers_descending": 4613856, "pct_workforce_descending": 20.2965 }, { "cno": "1223", "nombre": "Research and development directors", "sector": "Management", "empleo": 21003, "empleo_v10": 40719, "empleo_delta_v11": -19716, "salario_medio_eur": 60986, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "R&D management coordinates technical and scientific innovation, a hybrid activity requiring forward-looking vision and complex project management. AI dramatically accelerates research through pattern discovery in massive datasets and simulation of chemical or physical experiments. Leading teams of scientists and deciding which disruptive technologies to invest in remain human prerogatives based on long-term judgment.", "census_2021_employed": 93489, "epa_2digit_empleo": 279100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2631, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1481, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1150, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1850, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1021, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 829, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1674, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 3, "rescore_R": 4, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.81, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 4669215, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 20.5401, "rank_in_descending": 77, "cumulative_workers_descending": 4567327, "pct_workforce_descending": 20.0919 }, { "cno": "1311", "nombre": "Directors of agricultural, livestock and forestry production", "sector": "Management", "empleo": 11166, "empleo_v10": 28970, "empleo_delta_v11": -17804, "salario_medio_eur": 60986, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "This management role oversees agricultural, livestock, and forestry operations, a hybrid environment where digital planning meets the physical reality of the field. AI applied through computer vision on drones and soil sensors optimizes harvests and water resource usage in the context of drought conditions in Spain. Nevertheless, on-site management of agricultural labor and responding to extreme weather events require physical and operational human intervention.", "census_2021_employed": 131028, "epa_2digit_empleo": 294800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 248, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 207, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 41, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 347, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 252, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 95, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 302, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 4.5, "rescore_C": 5.2, "rescore_F": 7.5, "rescore_R": 3.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.21, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 291, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12552781, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.2202 }, { "cno": "1312", "nombre": "Directors of fishery and aquaculture production", "sector": "Management", "empleo": 1576, "empleo_v10": 28970, "empleo_delta_v11": -27394, "salario_medio_eur": 60986, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Fishing production directors oversee the capture and farming of marine species, operating in a complex physical environment with strict regulations. AI algorithms already predict fish stocks and optimize aquaculture feeding through smart sensors. The harsh marine environment and the need for direct supervision of fleet operations limit the scope of full automation in field-level management positions.", "census_2021_employed": 131028, "epa_2digit_empleo": 294800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 35, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 28, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 7, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 128, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 85, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 43, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 139, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 4, "rescore_C": 4.8, "rescore_F": 8.2, "rescore_R": 3.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.94, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 319, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12688930, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.8191 }, { "cno": "1313", "nombre": "Directors of manufacturing industries", "sector": "Management", "empleo": 51823, "empleo_v10": 28970, "empleo_delta_v11": 22853, "salario_medio_eur": 60986, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Manufacturing industry management oversees production plants, coordinating machinery, logistics, and personnel in a physical industrial environment. Predictive maintenance systems and AI-based supply chain optimization already significantly reduce downtime. Redesigning production lines and managing occupational safety in environments where robots and humans coexist remain critical human supervisory tasks.", "census_2021_employed": 131028, "epa_2digit_empleo": 294800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1151, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 955, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 196, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1725, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1383, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 342, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1786, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 6.2, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 5.8, "rescore_R": 4.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.09, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 171, "cumulative_workers_descending": 8159594, "pct_workforce_descending": 35.8944 }, { "cno": "1314", "nombre": "Directors of mining operations", "sector": "Management", "empleo": 900, "empleo_v10": 28970, "empleo_delta_v11": -28070, "salario_medio_eur": 60986, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Mining operations directors plan and oversee resource extraction, a hybrid task involving high physical risk and technical complexity. AI assists through precision geological analysis and remote operation of heavy machinery, improving safety in mine galleries. Responsibility for workers' lives and compliance with strict environmental regulations in Spain keep human leadership at the core of this occupation.", "census_2021_employed": 131028, "epa_2digit_empleo": 294800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 20, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 14, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 6, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 10, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 9, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 12, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 4.8, "rescore_C": 5.5, "rescore_F": 8, "rescore_R": 5.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.11, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 326, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12696624, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.853 }, { "cno": "1315", "nombre": "Directors of supply, transport, distribution and related companies", "sector": "Management", "empleo": 107788, "empleo_v10": 28970, "empleo_delta_v11": 78818, "salario_medio_eur": 60986, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "This management role handles logistics and goods distribution, a highly digitized sector managing physical flows. Genetic AI algorithms optimize transport routes and inventory management in real time, surpassing human manual planning capacity. Coordinating contingencies in the transport network and managing contracts with external suppliers maintain the necessary component of human judgment.", "census_2021_employed": 131028, "epa_2digit_empleo": 294800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2394, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1847, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 547, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 5026, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 3620, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1406, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 4820, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 6.2, "rescore_C": 6.5, "rescore_F": 5.8, "rescore_R": 4.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.23, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 167, "cumulative_workers_descending": 7919987, "pct_workforce_descending": 34.8404 }, { "cno": "1316", "nombre": "Directors of construction companies", "sector": "Management", "empleo": 18145, "empleo_v10": 28969, "empleo_delta_v11": -10824, "salario_medio_eur": 60986, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Construction company directors oversee building and civil engineering projects, integrating administrative planning with physical execution. AI-assisted BIM software detects design clashes and optimizes material usage before construction begins. However, the variability of construction sites and the need to resolve technical conflicts on-site among diverse trades limit the automation of construction management.", "census_2021_employed": 131028, "epa_2digit_empleo": 294800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 403, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 329, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 74, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1157, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 944, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 213, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1146, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 5.2, "rescore_C": 5.5, "rescore_F": 7.2, "rescore_R": 5.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.34, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 225, "cumulative_workers_descending": 10977834, "pct_workforce_descending": 48.292 }, { "cno": "1321", "nombre": "Directors of information and communications technology (ICT) services", "sector": "Management", "empleo": 26520, "empleo_v10": 8402, "empleo_delta_v11": 18118, "salario_medio_eur": 70134, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "ICT services management handles the technological infrastructure and digital strategy of organizations, being a purely digital and technical role. AI already automates infrastructure deployment, cybersecurity through anomaly detection, and service ticket management. As a digitally native sector, AI can perform much of the technical analysis, leaving the director to manage teams and align with business objectives.", "census_2021_employed": 53091, "epa_2digit_empleo": 294800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1932, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1412, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 520, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1509, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1033, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 476, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1428, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9.5, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 1, "rescore_R": 4, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 5.78, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 4669215, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 20.5401, "rank_in_descending": 76, "cumulative_workers_descending": 4546324, "pct_workforce_descending": 19.9995 }, { "cno": "1322", "nombre": "Directors of social services for children", "sector": "Management", "empleo": 1565, "empleo_v10": 8402, "empleo_delta_v11": -6837, "salario_medio_eur": 53668, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Directors of children's social services manage centers and protection programs where administrative workload coexists with a critical emotional environment. AI can assist with case file management and placement allocation, but decisions affecting the welfare of minors carry high ethical sensitivity. Empathy, moral judgment, and supervision of family crisis interventions are fundamentally human and irreplaceable.", "census_2021_employed": 53091, "epa_2digit_empleo": 294800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 114, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 25, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 89, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 90, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 19, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 71, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 80, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 5.8, "rescore_C": 5.2, "rescore_F": 6.8, "rescore_R": 6.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.33, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 245, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11120050, "pct_workforce_descending": 48.9176 }, { "cno": "1323", "nombre": "Directors-managers of health centres", "sector": "Management", "empleo": 12148, "empleo_v10": 8402, "empleo_delta_v11": 3746, "salario_medio_eur": 65865, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Healthcare center management involves administering complex medical resources within a strict regulatory framework. Analytical AI optimizes operating room utilization, predicts emergency demand peaks, and manages pharmacy supply. Despite its high digitization, managing highly specialized medical staff and bearing ultimate responsibility for care quality require firm human leadership.", "census_2021_employed": 53091, "epa_2digit_empleo": 294800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 885, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 318, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 567, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 700, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 273, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 427, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 711, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 6.8, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 5.2, "rescore_R": 7.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.81, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 229, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11034507, "pct_workforce_descending": 48.5413 }, { "cno": "1324", "nombre": "Directors of social services for the elderly", "sector": "Management", "empleo": 6685, "empleo_v10": 8402, "empleo_delta_v11": -1717, "salario_medio_eur": 53668, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "These directors oversee residential facilities and services for the elderly, a hybrid sector with a strong operational and relational component. AI facilitates health monitoring of residents through IoT devices and optimizes diets and medication. The warmth of human care and end-of-life decision-making are aspects that technology cannot cover, protecting the core of this profession.", "census_2021_employed": 53091, "epa_2digit_empleo": 294800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 487, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 104, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 383, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 354, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 59, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 295, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 346, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 5.8, "rescore_C": 5.2, "rescore_F": 6.5, "rescore_R": 6.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.36, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 236, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11090652, "pct_workforce_descending": 48.7882 }, { "cno": "1325", "nombre": "Directors of other social services", "sector": "Management", "empleo": 4983, "empleo_v10": 8402, "empleo_delta_v11": -3419, "salario_medio_eur": 53668, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Directors of other social services coordinate assistance for vulnerable groups, integrating administrative management with direct human contact. AI can automate the bureaucracy of public aid and the initial triage of social needs. However, designing personalized integration plans and mediating in complex social environments depend on ethical judgment and human life experience.", "census_2021_employed": 53091, "epa_2digit_empleo": 294800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 363, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 120, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 243, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 217, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 64, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 153, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 204, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 5.8, "rescore_C": 5.5, "rescore_F": 6.5, "rescore_R": 6, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.49, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 237, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11095635, "pct_workforce_descending": 48.8102 }, { "cno": "1326", "nombre": "Directors of education services", "sector": "Management", "empleo": 18380, "empleo_v10": 8401, "empleo_delta_v11": 9979, "salario_medio_eur": 54887, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Education services management oversees schools and educational centers, balancing academic regulations, teaching staff, and families. AI platforms already analyze academic performance to prevent school dropout and manage digital enrollment. Pedagogical leadership, resolving school conflicts, and shaping the center's educational vision are tasks that require deep human sensitivity.", "census_2021_employed": 53091, "epa_2digit_empleo": 294800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1339, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 402, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 937, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1524, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 505, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1019, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1522, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 6.5, "rescore_C": 6.2, "rescore_F": 5.5, "rescore_R": 6.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.02, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 176, "cumulative_workers_descending": 8294605, "pct_workforce_descending": 36.4883 }, { "cno": "1327", "nombre": "Directors of bank branches, financial services and insurance", "sector": "Management", "empleo": 2951, "empleo_v10": 8401, "empleo_delta_v11": -5450, "salario_medio_eur": 73183, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5.5, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Bank branch and insurance directors manage financial products and sales teams in a highly digitized environment. AI already performs credit risk assessments, detects fraud, and personalizes insurance offers automatically. Although digitization is extreme, managing large accounts and providing complex financial advice in situations of economic uncertainty maintain the need for a human director.", "census_2021_employed": 53091, "epa_2digit_empleo": 294800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 215, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 139, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 76, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1236, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 882, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 354, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1337, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8, "rescore_C": 7.5, "rescore_F": 5, "rescore_R": 8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.7, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 5890481, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 25.9125, "rank_in_descending": 107, "cumulative_workers_descending": 5876223, "pct_workforce_descending": 25.8498 }, { "cno": "1329", "nombre": "Directors of other professional services companies n.e.c.", "sector": "Management", "empleo": 30171, "empleo_v10": 8401, "empleo_delta_v11": 21770, "salario_medio_eur": 60986, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "This professional services management role encompasses consultancies, advisory firms, and technical services, operating primarily with intangible and digital assets. Language models and workflow automation enable project management and technical report drafting with minimal human intervention. Strategic direction and quality validation of services delivered to clients remain the pillars of human activity in this role.", "census_2021_employed": 53091, "epa_2digit_empleo": 294800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2198, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1430, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 768, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 407, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 266, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 141, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 396, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 7.2, "rescore_C": 6.8, "rescore_F": 4.2, "rescore_R": 4.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.02, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 7065735, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 31.0825, "rank_in_descending": 144, "cumulative_workers_descending": 6917979, "pct_workforce_descending": 30.4325 }, { "cno": "1411", "nombre": "Hotel directors and managers", "sector": "Management", "empleo": 3084, "empleo_v10": 1506, "empleo_delta_v11": 1578, "salario_medio_eur": 45740, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Hotel management combines physical asset management with the optimization of digital booking services. AI optimizes pricing (revenue management) and automates customer service through advanced chatbots for common requests. However, managing the on-site guest experience and resolving issues in physical facilities require constant human presence and coordination.", "census_2021_employed": 2763, "epa_2digit_empleo": 198400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1590, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 940, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 650, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1387, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 727, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 660, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1317, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 6, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 7, "rescore_R": 2.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.05, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 7065735, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 31.0825, "rank_in_descending": 157, "cumulative_workers_descending": 7056338, "pct_workforce_descending": 31.0411 }, { "cno": "1419", "nombre": "Directors and managers of other accommodation services", "sector": "Management", "empleo": 807, "empleo_v10": 1505, "empleo_delta_v11": -698, "salario_medio_eur": 42690, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Directors of other accommodation services manage tourist apartments, campsites, and hostels, with a focus on operational efficiency. AI enables remote management of access, cleaning, and dynamic pricing based on demand in the Spanish tourism market. Overseeing the physical security of premises and responding to guest emergencies limit the full automation of management.", "census_2021_employed": 2763, "epa_2digit_empleo": 198400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 416, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 226, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 190, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 189, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 94, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 95, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 224, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 6, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 7, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.11, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 7065735, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 31.0825, "rank_in_descending": 162, "cumulative_workers_descending": 7065279, "pct_workforce_descending": 31.0805 }, { "cno": "1421", "nombre": "Restaurant directors and managers", "sector": "Management", "empleo": 3146, "empleo_v10": 822, "empleo_delta_v11": 2324, "salario_medio_eur": 37811, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Restaurant management involves coordinating staff, purchasing, and service quality in a fast-paced physical environment. AI can automate ingredient demand forecasting and reservation management, helping reduce food waste. Managing the dining room atmosphere and the technical supervision of the kitchen require on-site leadership that cannot be delegated to AI.", "census_2021_employed": 2271, "epa_2digit_empleo": 198400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2312, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1564, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 748, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2545, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1517, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1028, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2439, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 5, "rescore_C": 5.5, "rescore_F": 8, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.48, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 7065735, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 31.0825, "rank_in_descending": 156, "cumulative_workers_descending": 7053254, "pct_workforce_descending": 31.0276 }, { "cno": "1422", "nombre": "Directors and managers of bars, cafés and similar establishments", "sector": "Management", "empleo": 1195, "empleo_v10": 822, "empleo_delta_v11": 373, "salario_medio_eur": 37811, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Bar and café directors manage neighborhood establishments with a heavy physical and social workload. Intelligent management systems already automate inventory and supplier orders efficiently. The success of these venues in Spain depends largely on personal interaction and the manager's ability to handle intense peaks of physical work.", "census_2021_employed": 2271, "epa_2digit_empleo": 198400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 878, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 570, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 308, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1425, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 800, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 625, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1455, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 1.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.02, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 7065735, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 31.0825, "rank_in_descending": 161, "cumulative_workers_descending": 7064472, "pct_workforce_descending": 31.0769 }, { "cno": "1429", "nombre": "Directors and managers of catering and other food service companies", "sector": "Management", "empleo": 456, "empleo_v10": 822, "empleo_delta_v11": -366, "salario_medio_eur": 42690, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Catering and mass food service managers coordinate complex logistical operations for large events and collective dining facilities. AI is ideal for optimizing food transport logistics and calculating nutritional values of menus at scale. On-site supervision of food hygiene in real time and the physical setup of events require irreplaceable human operational coordination.", "census_2021_employed": 2271, "epa_2digit_empleo": 198400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 335, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 211, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 124, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 292, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 175, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 117, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 306, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 5.5, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 8, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.68, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 7065735, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 31.0825, "rank_in_descending": 163, "cumulative_workers_descending": 7065735, "pct_workforce_descending": 31.0825 }, { "cno": "1431", "nombre": "Directors and managers of wholesale trade companies", "sector": "Management", "empleo": 75467, "empleo_v10": 89464, "empleo_delta_v11": -13997, "salario_medio_eur": 48789, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Wholesale trade management handles large volumes of merchandise and supplier relationships in a purely logistical and digital environment. AI dominates inventory forecasting, price optimization, and global supply chain analysis. High-level commercial negotiation and the resolution of contractual disputes maintain a balance with algorithmic automation.", "census_2021_employed": 134727, "epa_2digit_empleo": 198400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 506, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 349, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 157, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1410, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 969, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 441, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1453, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 7, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 5.5, "rescore_R": 2.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.11, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 7065735, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 31.0825, "rank_in_descending": 133, "cumulative_workers_descending": 6426061, "pct_workforce_descending": 28.2685 }, { "cno": "1432", "nombre": "Directors and managers of retail trade companies", "sector": "Management", "empleo": 114244, "empleo_v10": 89464, "empleo_delta_v11": 24780, "salario_medio_eur": 39641, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Retail trade managers oversee stores and warehouses, focusing their work on stock rotation and customer service. AI already enables in-store customer flow analysis through computer vision and automated product restocking. Managing sales teams and physically adapting the retail space by season require direct human intervention.", "census_2021_employed": 134727, "epa_2digit_empleo": 198400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 766, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 436, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 330, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2817, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1522, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1295, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2804, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 6, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 7, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.11, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 7065735, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 31.0825, "rank_in_descending": 132, "cumulative_workers_descending": 6350594, "pct_workforce_descending": 27.9365 }, { "cno": "1501", "nombre": "Directors and managers of recreational, cultural and sports companies", "sector": "Management", "empleo": 58906, "empleo_v10": 74218, "empleo_delta_v11": -15312, "salario_medio_eur": 43910, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "This management role oversees cultural, sports, and recreational centers, integrating activity programming with physical facility maintenance. AI helps with audience segmentation for events and efficient facility scheduling based on usage. Fostering community engagement and overseeing safety during mass physical activities depend on human judgment that is sensitive to the social context.", "census_2021_employed": 112614, "epa_2digit_empleo": 111300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1601, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 934, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 667, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1786, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1094, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 692, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1722, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 6, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 6, "rescore_R": 3.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.08, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 170, "cumulative_workers_descending": 8107771, "pct_workforce_descending": 35.6664 }, { "cno": "1509", "nombre": "Directors and managers of waste management and other service companies n.e.c.", "sector": "Management", "empleo": 52394, "empleo_v10": 74218, "empleo_delta_v11": -21824, "salario_medio_eur": 43910, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Directors of waste management companies and other services coordinate fleets, treatment plants, and environmental regulatory compliance. AI optimizes collection routes and improves material sorting at plants through high-speed computer vision. The complexity of EU circular economy regulations and the management of critical physical infrastructure protect the human managerial role.", "census_2021_employed": 112614, "epa_2digit_empleo": 111300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1424, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 904, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 520, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2832, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1698, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1134, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2854, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 5.5, "rescore_C": 5.8, "rescore_F": 6.8, "rescore_R": 5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.56, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 212, "cumulative_workers_descending": 10571152, "pct_workforce_descending": 46.5029 }, { "cno": "2111", "nombre": "Family doctors", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 40716, "empleo_v10": 129532, "empleo_delta_v11": -88816, "salario_medio_eur": 56344, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Family medicine requires a combination of clinical diagnosis, empathy, and continuous patient follow-up within the Spanish healthcare system. Although AI assists with initial triage and pattern detection in diagnostic tests, general medicine is fundamentally built on the doctor-patient relationship. The understanding of complex socioeconomic and emotional factors makes human clinical judgment the protected core of this profession.", "census_2021_employed": 190773, "epa_2digit_empleo": 862800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 16960, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 7555, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 9405, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1475, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 431, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1044, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1177, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 6, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 8, "rescore_R": 9, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.39, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 263, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11887025, "pct_workforce_descending": 52.2915 }, { "cno": "2112", "nombre": "Other specialist doctors", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 77368, "empleo_v10": 129531, "empleo_delta_v11": -52163, "salario_medio_eur": 62173, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Medical specialists perform advanced diagnostic and treatment tasks, often supported by high-precision technology. AI-powered computer vision already surpasses humans in early detection in radiology and pathology, acting as a high-powered copilot. The ultimate legal responsibility for invasive treatments and the communication of serious diagnoses require a humanity and ethical dimension that AI does not possess.", "census_2021_employed": 190773, "epa_2digit_empleo": 862800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 32227, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 13232, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 18995, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 904, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 264, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 640, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 886, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 6, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 8, "rescore_R": 9.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.32, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 255, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11454850, "pct_workforce_descending": 50.3904 }, { "cno": "2121", "nombre": "General nurses", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 214857, "empleo_v10": 139830, "empleo_delta_v11": 75027, "salario_medio_eur": 34195, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "General nursing focuses on direct patient care, treatment administration, and physical support in hospital settings. It is an intensely physical and emotional profession requiring manual dexterity and constant adaptation to critical situations. AI can automate the recording of vital signs, but compassionate care and immediate physical response to emergencies depend entirely on nurses.", "census_2021_employed": 302856, "epa_2digit_empleo": 862800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 90145, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 19096, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 71049, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 4713, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 688, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 4025, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 5313, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4.5, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 8.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.71, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 17725208, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 77.9739, "rank_in_descending": 407, "cumulative_workers_descending": 16358607, "pct_workforce_descending": 71.9622 }, { "cno": "2122", "nombre": "Specialist nurses (except midwives)", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 58516, "empleo_v10": 139829, "empleo_delta_v11": -81313, "salario_medio_eur": 34195, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Specialized nurses in areas such as intensive care or the operating room perform complex technical tasks in high-pressure physical environments. Advanced AI-powered monitoring systems alert to subtle patient deterioration, but precise physical intervention remains human. The ability to react to unexpected complications during medical procedures is a physical skill that current robotics has not replicated autonomously.", "census_2021_employed": 302856, "epa_2digit_empleo": 862800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 24551, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 4898, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 19653, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2464, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 320, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 2144, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 3033, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 5, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 9, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.76, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 17725208, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 77.9739, "rank_in_descending": 414, "cumulative_workers_descending": 17239006, "pct_workforce_descending": 75.8351 }, { "cno": "2123", "nombre": "Midwives", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 7818, "empleo_v10": 139829, "empleo_delta_v11": -132011, "salario_medio_eur": 35749, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Midwives assist during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period, a role that combines medical knowledge with deep physical and emotional accompaniment. AI-based fetal monitoring improves risk detection, but the birthing process is an unpredictable physical event requiring expert human judgment. The trust and psychological support needed during delivery are intrinsically human.", "census_2021_employed": 302856, "epa_2digit_empleo": 862800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 3280, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 273, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 3007, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 281, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 18, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 263, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 356, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 9.5, "rescore_R": 9, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.46, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 295, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12587946, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.3749 }, { "cno": "2130", "nombre": "Veterinarians", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 8864, "empleo_v10": 34370, "empleo_delta_v11": -25506, "salario_medio_eur": 36915, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Veterinarians diagnose and treat animals in physical environments ranging from urban clinics to livestock farms. AI assists in laboratory test analysis and diagnostic imaging, but the physical handling of uncooperative animals remains a challenge for robotics. Communication with owners and ethical decision-making regarding animal welfare preserve the human value of the position.", "census_2021_employed": 28641, "epa_2digit_empleo": 862800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 5771, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1561, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 4210, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1915, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 516, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1399, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1762, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 5, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 8.5, "rescore_R": 8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.03, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 367, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15734170, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.2153 }, { "cno": "2140", "nombre": "Pharmacists", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 20959, "empleo_v10": 86288, "empleo_delta_v11": -65329, "salario_medio_eur": 44687, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Pharmacists manage medication dispensing and provide public health advice in a hybrid environment. Robotic storage systems and drug interaction verification algorithms already automate much of pharmaceutical logistics. The clinical advisory role and pharmacovigilance within the Spanish National Health System preserve the need for human professional oversight.", "census_2021_employed": 67722, "epa_2digit_empleo": 862800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 14511, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 3465, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 11046, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3935, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 850, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 3085, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 3643, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 6, "rescore_R": 9, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.46, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 175, "cumulative_workers_descending": 8276225, "pct_workforce_descending": 36.4075 }, { "cno": "2151", "nombre": "Dentists and stomatologists", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 35978, "empleo_v10": 23249, "empleo_delta_v11": 12729, "salario_medio_eur": 48572, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Dentistry is a manual surgical profession requiring extreme precision in a very small and variable physical space. AI is used for prosthesis design and dental X-ray analysis, improving treatment planning. However, the manual execution of procedures inside the patient's mouth and the management of pain and anxiety are human tasks.", "census_2021_employed": 155712, "epa_2digit_empleo": 862800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 4838, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1170, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 3668, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 338, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 79, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 259, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 344, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4.5, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 9.5, "rescore_R": 9, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.78, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 345, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15371099, "pct_workforce_descending": 67.6181 }, { "cno": "2152", "nombre": "Physiotherapists", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 186880, "empleo_v10": 23249, "empleo_delta_v11": 163631, "salario_medio_eur": 31864, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Physiotherapists perform manual therapies and physical rehabilitation, requiring an exceptional sense of touch and adaptive physical strength. AI can guide exercises through computer vision, but it cannot replicate direct therapeutic manipulation or intuitive physical assessment. The therapeutic bond and patient motivation are critical human components for successful rehabilitation.", "census_2021_employed": 155712, "epa_2digit_empleo": 862800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 25130, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 10532, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 14598, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2174, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 702, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1472, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2025, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 7, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.39, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 17725208, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 77.9739, "rank_in_descending": 409, "cumulative_workers_descending": 16751567, "pct_workforce_descending": 73.6908 }, { "cno": "2153", "nombre": "Dietitians and nutritionists", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 27887, "empleo_v10": 23249, "empleo_delta_v11": 4638, "salario_medio_eur": 29144, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Dietitians design nutritional plans based on biochemical data and personal preferences, a task with a high digital component. AI already generates personalized meal plans and monitors nutritional compliance through mobile applications with great effectiveness. Psychological support and dietary education for long-term habit changes are the areas where the human professional maintains relevance.", "census_2021_employed": 155712, "epa_2digit_empleo": 862800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 3750, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 814, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 2936, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2252, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 458, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1794, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2100, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 3, "rescore_R": 5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 4.08, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 7065735, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 31.0825, "rank_in_descending": 145, "cumulative_workers_descending": 6945866, "pct_workforce_descending": 30.5552 }, { "cno": "2154", "nombre": "Speech therapists", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 28705, "empleo_v10": 23249, "empleo_delta_v11": 5456, "salario_medio_eur": 31086, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Speech therapists treat communication and language disorders through practical exercises and direct stimulation. Although speech-to-text and AI voice processing help measure progress, treatment requires human interaction sensitive to emotional nuance. Real-time adaptation to a child's learning difficulties or the rehabilitation of an adult after a stroke demands human flexibility.", "census_2021_employed": 155712, "epa_2digit_empleo": 862800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 3860, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 273, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 3587, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 764, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 54, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 710, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 724, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 6, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 6, "rescore_R": 6, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.76, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 17725208, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 77.9739, "rank_in_descending": 424, "cumulative_workers_descending": 17613204, "pct_workforce_descending": 77.4812 }, { "cno": "2155", "nombre": "Opticians-optometrists", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 23916, "empleo_v10": 23249, "empleo_delta_v11": 667, "salario_medio_eur": 30309, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Opticians perform visual examinations and adapt optical solutions in a technical and commercial environment. AI automates much of objective refraction and ocular pathology detection through fundus analysis. The physical fitting of lenses and personalized advice based on the client's lifestyle maintain the human component of the profession.", "census_2021_employed": 155712, "epa_2digit_empleo": 862800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 3216, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 794, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 2422, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 761, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 176, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 585, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 738, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 6, "rescore_C": 6.5, "rescore_F": 8, "rescore_R": 8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.4, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 277, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12324786, "pct_workforce_descending": 54.2172 }, { "cno": "2156", "nombre": "Occupational therapists", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 52546, "empleo_v10": 23248, "empleo_delta_v11": 29298, "salario_medio_eur": 30309, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Occupational therapists help people with disabilities gain autonomy through the adaptation of physical tasks and the environment. It is an intensely creative and physical endeavor requiring personalized solutions designed for each patient. AI cannot replicate the empathy or manual dexterity needed to train fine motor skills in variable real-world environments.", "census_2021_employed": 155712, "epa_2digit_empleo": 862800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 7066, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 901, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 6165, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1194, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 171, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1023, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1135, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 5.5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.54, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 260, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11751211, "pct_workforce_descending": 51.6941 }, { "cno": "2157", "nombre": "Podiatrists", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 4499, "empleo_v10": 23248, "empleo_delta_v11": -18749, "salario_medio_eur": 31086, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Podiatrists treat foot conditions through manual procedures, minor surgery, and orthopedics, operating in a direct physical environment. AI assists in gait analysis and 3D orthotic insole design with high precision. The execution of treatments on human tissue and podiatric surgery are manual skills that remain beyond the reach of current automation.", "census_2021_employed": 155712, "epa_2digit_empleo": 862800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 605, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 167, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 438, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 178, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 40, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 138, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 154, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2.5, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 8.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.4, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 305, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12650168, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.6486 }, { "cno": "2158", "nombre": "Occupational and environmental health professionals", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 9489, "empleo_v10": 23248, "empleo_delta_v11": -13759, "salario_medio_eur": 33029, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "These professionals oversee occupational and environmental health, inspecting workplaces and assessing physical and chemical risks. AI and IoT sensors facilitate continuous monitoring of pollutants and accident pattern detection. The interpretation of occupational risk prevention regulations and on-site physical inspections ensure the continuity of the human factor.", "census_2021_employed": 155712, "epa_2digit_empleo": 862800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1276, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 472, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 804, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 536, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 206, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 330, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 518, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 6, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 6, "rescore_R": 8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.76, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 293, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12572042, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.3049 }, { "cno": "2159", "nombre": "Health professionals n.e.c.", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 63820, "empleo_v10": 23248, "empleo_delta_v11": 40572, "salario_medio_eur": 33029, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "This group encompasses health professionals with diverse tasks, generally focused on clinical support or applied research. AI automates medical data processing and technical report drafting, increasing the sector's productivity. Specialized clinical judgment and coordination within multidisciplinary health teams maintain the professional's value against pure automation.", "census_2021_employed": 155712, "epa_2digit_empleo": 862800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 8582, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2135, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 6447, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1229, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 266, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 963, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1075, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3.5, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 8, "rescore_R": 8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.76, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 257, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11587447, "pct_workforce_descending": 50.9737 }, { "cno": "2210", "nombre": "University and higher education professors (except vocational training)", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 137529, "empleo_v10": 179503, "empleo_delta_v11": -41974, "salario_medio_eur": 46630, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6.5, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "University teaching involves advanced research, knowledge creation, and high-level instruction, activities that are eminently digital and intellectual. Generative AI is already capable of drafting academic literature, designing study programs, and tutoring students on complex concepts. Although mentorship and original research resist, the core of technical information transmission is highly exposed to automation.", "census_2021_employed": 134685, "epa_2digit_empleo": 1033000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 43970, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 22104, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 21866, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2990, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1182, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1808, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2847, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 3.5, "rescore_R": 6, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.7, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 3449439, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 15.1742, "rank_in_descending": 49, "cumulative_workers_descending": 3207532, "pct_workforce_descending": 14.1101 }, { "cno": "2220", "nombre": "Vocational training teachers (specific subjects)", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 53419, "empleo_v10": 65443, "empleo_delta_v11": -12024, "salario_medio_eur": 36915, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5.5, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Vocational training teachers impart technical and professional skills, balancing digital theory with hands-on practice in workshops. AI can deliver theoretical content and simulate technical environments, but supervising physical work in specialized workshops requires human presence. The teacher acts as a trade mentor, a figure difficult to fully digitize within the Spanish educational system.", "census_2021_employed": 52314, "epa_2digit_empleo": 1033000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 13193, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 6698, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 6495, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 9754, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 3735, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 6019, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 9398, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 5.5, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 7, "rescore_R": 6, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.75, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 5890481, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 25.9125, "rank_in_descending": 96, "cumulative_workers_descending": 5714546, "pct_workforce_descending": 25.1385 }, { "cno": "2230", "nombre": "Secondary education teachers (except vocational training subjects)", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 284034, "empleo_v10": 384045, "empleo_delta_v11": -100011, "salario_medio_eur": 36915, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Secondary education focuses on academic instruction and adolescent development in a complex social environment. AI-powered personalized intelligent tutoring systems can explain curricular concepts better than a traditional lecture. However, classroom management, student motivation, and values education during a critical life stage are social functions that AI cannot perform.", "census_2021_employed": 278160, "epa_2digit_empleo": 1033000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 32449, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 12877, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 19572, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 25891, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 9019, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 16872, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 25275, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 7, "rescore_C": 6.5, "rescore_F": 5, "rescore_R": 4, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.73, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 165, "cumulative_workers_descending": 7671154, "pct_workforce_descending": 33.7457 }, { "cno": "2240", "nombre": "Primary education teachers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 321385, "empleo_v10": 436554, "empleo_delta_v11": -115169, "salario_medio_eur": 34972, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Primary school teachers educate children in their foundational skills, combining academic instruction with emotional and physical development. AI already offers gamified educational platforms that precisely adapt to each child's learning pace. The need for human contact, behavior supervision, and character formation in young children significantly limit the automation of this role.", "census_2021_employed": 314739, "epa_2digit_empleo": 1033000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 36787, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 9305, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 27482, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 19256, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 4133, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 15123, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 18879, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4.5, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 7, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.97, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 164, "cumulative_workers_descending": 7387120, "pct_workforce_descending": 32.4962 }, { "cno": "2251", "nombre": "Early childhood education teachers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 62321, "empleo_v10": 76526, "empleo_delta_v11": -14205, "salario_medio_eur": 29144, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Early childhood education is based almost exclusively on physical care, play, and early stimulation for children aged 0 to 6. This occupation requires patience, empathy, and physical dexterity for basic care that current AI and robotics do not possess. It is one of the most protected professions due to the critical importance of human attachment in early biological and psychological development.", "census_2021_employed": 115881, "epa_2digit_empleo": 1033000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 15095, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1122, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 13973, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 13742, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 725, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 13017, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 13769, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2.5, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 9.5, "rescore_R": 7, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.43, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 455, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20554271, "pct_workforce_descending": 90.4191 }, { "cno": "2252", "nombre": "Early childhood education technicians", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 174335, "empleo_v10": 76525, "empleo_delta_v11": 97810, "salario_medio_eur": 29144, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Early childhood education technicians support daily care and pedagogical activities for the youngest children in physical settings. Their work involves constant manual tasks such as hygiene, feeding, and physical safety supervision in the classroom. The physical and emotional nature of this care makes automation technically and socially unfeasible in the short and medium term.", "census_2021_employed": 115881, "epa_2digit_empleo": 1033000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 42226, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2406, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 39820, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 20876, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 701, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 20175, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 21079, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 6.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.27, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 447, "cumulative_workers_descending": 19840598, "pct_workforce_descending": 87.2796 }, { "cno": "2311", "nombre": "Special education teachers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 1718, "empleo_v10": 17089, "empleo_delta_v11": -15371, "salario_medio_eur": 33029, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Special education requires extreme adaptation to the unique physical, cognitive, and emotional needs of each student. It is an intensely human endeavor demanding flexibility and an ability to read non-verbal cues that AI cannot replicate. Direct physical support and the emotional connection necessary for the progress of students with disabilities protect this profession from any attempt at automation.", "census_2021_employed": 28491, "epa_2digit_empleo": 253000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 4114, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 927, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 3187, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 7330, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1081, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 6249, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 7294, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.66, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 478, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20937901, "pct_workforce_descending": 92.1067 }, { "cno": "2312", "nombre": "Special education support technicians", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 7514, "empleo_v10": 17089, "empleo_delta_v11": -9575, "salario_medio_eur": 33029, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "These technicians provide operational support and physical care to students with special needs in the school environment. Their tasks are predominantly physical, including mobility assistance and direct personal care. Given the variability of situations and the need for an empathetic physical response, AI does not represent a threat to this essentially in-person occupation.", "census_2021_employed": 28491, "epa_2digit_empleo": 253000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 17998, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 3259, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 14739, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2458, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 267, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 2191, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2455, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 7, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.26, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 469, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20898368, "pct_workforce_descending": 91.9328 }, { "cno": "2321", "nombre": "Specialists in teaching methods and pedagogy", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 13150, "empleo_v10": 41936, "empleo_delta_v11": -28786, "salario_medio_eur": 33029, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Pedagogy specialists design educational methods and materials, a creative endeavor nourished by deep knowledge of human development. Although generative AI can produce teaching materials and suggest curricular structures, creating new pedagogical paradigms requires human intuition. Designing interventions for complex learning problems remains a field for the human expert.", "census_2021_employed": 214947, "epa_2digit_empleo": 253000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 7514, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2216, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 5298, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 11390, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2668, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 8722, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 11163, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8.5, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 2, "rescore_R": 4, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 4.9, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 465, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20860570, "pct_workforce_descending": 91.7665 }, { "cno": "2322", "nombre": "Non-formal education language teachers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 49460, "empleo_v10": 41936, "empleo_delta_v11": 7524, "salario_medio_eur": 27978, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Language teaching is based on communication and linguistic practice, an area where AI has reached near-human levels of competence. Real-time translators and LLM-based conversational tutors already enable language learning with high effectiveness and low cost. Student motivation and immersion in cultural nuances are the last bastions of the human teacher in this sector.", "census_2021_employed": 214947, "epa_2digit_empleo": 253000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 28262, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 7281, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 20981, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 15645, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 3476, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 12169, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 15345, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 8.2, "rescore_C": 8.5, "rescore_F": 3.5, "rescore_R": 1.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 5.29, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 4669215, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 20.5401, "rank_in_descending": 73, "cumulative_workers_descending": 4444967, "pct_workforce_descending": 19.5536 }, { "cno": "2323", "nombre": "Non-formal education music and dance teachers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 29114, "empleo_v10": 41935, "empleo_delta_v11": -12821, "salario_medio_eur": 33029, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Teaching music and dance requires a combination of aesthetic theory and real-time physical correction of technique. AI can compose music and analyze rhythm, but postural correction and the transmission of artistic expression require an in-person instructor. The physical component of dance and emotional instrumental interpretation maintain high human value in non-formal education.", "census_2021_employed": 214947, "epa_2digit_empleo": 253000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 16636, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 7934, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 8702, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 4567, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1715, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 2852, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 4752, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 4.8, "rescore_C": 4.5, "rescore_F": 7.5, "rescore_R": 1.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.25, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 219, "cumulative_workers_descending": 10838793, "pct_workforce_descending": 47.6803 }, { "cno": "2324", "nombre": "Non-formal education arts teachers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 4391, "empleo_v10": 41935, "empleo_delta_v11": -37544, "salario_medio_eur": 33029, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Art teachers instruct in visual and creative expression, a role that involves aesthetic judgment and guidance in handling physical materials. Generative AI for images is transforming art, but teaching manual techniques (oil painting, sculpture) requires physical supervision. Mentoring the development of a personal artistic voice remains a deeply human process.", "census_2021_employed": 214947, "epa_2digit_empleo": 253000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2509, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 939, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1570, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3016, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 792, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 2224, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 3106, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 5.2, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 6.8, "rescore_R": 1.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.59, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 238, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11100026, "pct_workforce_descending": 48.8295 }, { "cno": "2325", "nombre": "Non-formal education IT instructors", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 2385, "empleo_v10": 41935, "empleo_delta_v11": -39550, "salario_medio_eur": 33029, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "ICT instructors teach software and hardware use, a purely digital field that paradoxically is highly exposed to the very technology it teaches. AI can generate interactive tutorials, correct code in real time, and answer technical questions instantly. The viability of this position depends on the instructor's ability to guide students in the ethical and strategic use of AI.", "census_2021_employed": 214947, "epa_2digit_empleo": 253000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1363, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 650, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 713, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 277, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 152, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 125, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 282, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 8.8, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 2.8, "rescore_R": 1.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 5.52, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 4669215, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 20.5401, "rank_in_descending": 88, "cumulative_workers_descending": 4667248, "pct_workforce_descending": 20.5314 }, { "cno": "2326", "nombre": "Environmental education professionals", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 4228, "empleo_v10": 41935, "empleo_delta_v11": -37707, "salario_medio_eur": 33029, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Environmental education professionals combine teaching with awareness-building in real natural settings. Their work is hybrid, using scientific data to explain physical phenomena that students observe on-site. AI can process climate data, but the ability to inspire behavioral change toward sustainability requires a human connection with the environment.", "census_2021_employed": 214947, "epa_2digit_empleo": 253000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2416, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 879, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1537, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1705, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 599, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1106, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1502, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 5, "rescore_C": 6.5, "rescore_F": 7, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.8, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 5890481, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 25.9125, "rank_in_descending": 105, "cumulative_workers_descending": 5869059, "pct_workforce_descending": 25.8182 }, { "cno": "2329", "nombre": "Teaching professionals n.e.c.", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 141045, "empleo_v10": 41935, "empleo_delta_v11": 99110, "salario_medio_eur": 33029, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "This heterogeneous group of teaching professionals faces a medium level of automation due to the digitization of content. AI is already capable of personalizing learning and automating assessment across various technical disciplines. The survival of these positions lies in the added value of personalized mentoring and solving complex problems beyond the digital script.", "census_2021_employed": 214947, "epa_2digit_empleo": 253000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 80594, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 34949, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 45645, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 39889, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 12953, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 26936, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 39612, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 6.5, "rescore_C": 6.2, "rescore_F": 5.2, "rescore_R": 2.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.58, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 166, "cumulative_workers_descending": 7812199, "pct_workforce_descending": 34.3662 }, { "cno": "2411", "nombre": "Physicists and astronomers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 10907, "empleo_v10": 4590, "empleo_delta_v11": 6317, "salario_medio_eur": 41967, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Physics and astronomy are purely intellectual and digital disciplines based on mathematical modeling and massive data analysis. AI is already discovering new physical laws by analyzing patterns in data from particle accelerators or telescopes, surpassing human processing speed. While the formulation of disruptive theories remains human, the daily analytical work is massively automated.", "census_2021_employed": 23247, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1699, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1155, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 544, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 836, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 577, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 259, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 766, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8.8, "rescore_C": 7.8, "rescore_F": 2, "rescore_R": 1.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 5.57, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 3449439, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 15.1742, "rank_in_descending": 56, "cumulative_workers_descending": 3417765, "pct_workforce_descending": 15.0349 }, { "cno": "2412", "nombre": "Meteorologists", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 456, "empleo_v10": 4590, "empleo_delta_v11": -4134, "salario_medio_eur": 40801, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Meteorology depends on the processing of complex mathematical models and global sensor data in digital environments. AI systems and graph neural networks already surpass traditional meteorological models in accuracy and short-term prediction speed. The meteorologist's role is shifting toward the interpretation of extreme risks and the communication of alerts to the population.", "census_2021_employed": 23247, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 71, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 43, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 28, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 66, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 32, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 34, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 60, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9.2, "rescore_C": 8.8, "rescore_F": 0.8, "rescore_R": 1.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 7.21, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2666360, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 11.7294, "rank_in_descending": 41, "cumulative_workers_descending": 2666360, "pct_workforce_descending": 11.7294 }, { "cno": "2413", "nombre": "Chemists", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 17981, "empleo_v10": 4589, "empleo_delta_v11": 13392, "salario_medio_eur": 40801, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Modern chemistry is based on molecular simulation and compound design in high-performance computing environments. AI, through systems like AlphaFold, already predicts protein structures and drastically accelerates the discovery of new materials and drugs. The laboratory chemist remains necessary for physical experimentation, but theoretical design is highly exposed to AI.", "census_2021_employed": 23247, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2801, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1298, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1503, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3025, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1195, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1830, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2786, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 6.8, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 6, "rescore_R": 3.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.72, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 7065735, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 31.0825, "rank_in_descending": 148, "cumulative_workers_descending": 7006383, "pct_workforce_descending": 30.8214 }, { "cno": "2414", "nombre": "Geologists and geophysicists", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 5097, "empleo_v10": 4589, "empleo_delta_v11": 508, "salario_medio_eur": 41967, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Geology uses seismic and geospatial data analysis to interpret the Earth's structure in a hybrid role. AI optimizes the localization of deposits and analyzes satellite imagery to automatically detect geological changes. The need for physical fieldwork in remote and rugged environments limits the complete automation of the profession.", "census_2021_employed": 23247, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 794, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 448, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 346, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 758, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 388, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 370, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 756, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 6.8, "rescore_C": 6.8, "rescore_F": 6.5, "rescore_R": 2.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.64, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 7065735, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 31.0825, "rank_in_descending": 153, "cumulative_workers_descending": 7041757, "pct_workforce_descending": 30.977 }, { "cno": "2415", "nombre": "Mathematicians and actuaries", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 2927, "empleo_v10": 4589, "empleo_delta_v11": -1662, "salario_medio_eur": 44687, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Mathematics and actuarial science are purely abstract and digital domains, constituting the natural language of AI itself. AI models already prove theorems and perform complex risk calculations with precision and speed that surpass any human capability. The value of the human mathematician now lies in posing new conceptual problems and the ethical validation of risk algorithms.", "census_2021_employed": 23247, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 456, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 279, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 177, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 649, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 357, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 292, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 594, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9.8, "rescore_C": 8.5, "rescore_F": 0.2, "rescore_R": 4.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 6.42, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2752961, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 12.1104, "rank_in_descending": 47, "cumulative_workers_descending": 2752961, "pct_workforce_descending": 12.1104 }, { "cno": "2416", "nombre": "Statisticians", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 3319, "empleo_v10": 4589, "empleo_delta_v11": -1270, "salario_medio_eur": 42744, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 8, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Statistics is a digital profession dedicated to data analysis, a field where AI and machine learning are native. AI algorithms can autonomously perform data cleaning, multivariate analysis, and complex visualizations from massive databases. The human professional is needed to contextualize results and prevent algorithmic biases that could lead to erroneous conclusions.", "census_2021_employed": 23247, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 517, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 281, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 236, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 631, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 283, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 348, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 582, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9.5, "rescore_C": 8.5, "rescore_F": 0.5, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 7.48, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 1104132, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 4.8571, "rank_in_descending": 11, "cumulative_workers_descending": 1103878, "pct_workforce_descending": 4.856 }, { "cno": "2421", "nombre": "Biologists, botanists, zoologists and related", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 45648, "empleo_v10": 6534, "empleo_delta_v11": 39114, "salario_medio_eur": 36915, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Contemporary biology generates enormous volumes of genomic and ecological data requiring advanced digital processing. AI accelerates DNA sequence analysis, species classification through computer vision, and complex ecosystem modeling. While the field and laboratory biologist retains a physical component, the analytical part of research is undergoing massive automation.", "census_2021_employed": 37431, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 8085, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 3016, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 5069, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 11195, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 3512, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 7683, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 10009, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 6.5, "rescore_C": 6.5, "rescore_F": 6.2, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.52, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 7065735, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 31.0825, "rank_in_descending": 138, "cumulative_workers_descending": 6699855, "pct_workforce_descending": 29.4729 }, { "cno": "2422", "nombre": "Agricultural engineers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 6956, "empleo_v10": 6533, "empleo_delta_v11": 423, "salario_medio_eur": 35749, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Agricultural engineering is a hybrid role that applies digital technology to the physical production of food in the field. AI optimizes the use of fertilizers and water through precision agriculture and smart sensors, improving farm profitability. The engineer remains key for on-site strategic decision-making and environmental sustainability management within the Spanish agricultural context.", "census_2021_employed": 37431, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1232, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 755, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 477, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 757, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 368, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 389, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 669, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 6, "rescore_C": 6.5, "rescore_F": 6.5, "rescore_R": 3.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.15, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 7065735, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 31.0825, "rank_in_descending": 150, "cumulative_workers_descending": 7024651, "pct_workforce_descending": 30.9017 }, { "cno": "2423", "nombre": "Forestry engineers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 1942, "empleo_v10": 6533, "empleo_delta_v11": -4591, "salario_medio_eur": 34195, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Forestry engineers manage forest resources, a large-scale physical activity supported by digital remote sensing tools. AI analyzes satellite images to prevent wildfires and monitor forest health on an ongoing basis. Physical presence for the supervision of silvicultural work and the management of complex ecosystems protects the need for the human factor.", "census_2021_employed": 37431, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 344, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 223, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 121, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 171, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 82, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 89, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 140, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 6, "rescore_C": 6.2, "rescore_F": 7.2, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.03, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 194, "cumulative_workers_descending": 8376661, "pct_workforce_descending": 36.8493 }, { "cno": "2424", "nombre": "Agricultural technical engineers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 10050, "empleo_v10": 6533, "empleo_delta_v11": 3517, "salario_medio_eur": 34195, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "These technical engineers apply direct technological solutions to the agricultural sector in a hybrid environment. AI assists in pest diagnosis through mobile computer vision and in the automation of smart irrigation systems. Direct interaction with farmers and the resolution of technical problems with physical machinery in rural settings ensure the continuity of the human role.", "census_2021_employed": 37431, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1780, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1084, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 696, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1760, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 823, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 937, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1586, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 5.2, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 7.2, "rescore_R": 3.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.7, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 177, "cumulative_workers_descending": 8304655, "pct_workforce_descending": 36.5325 }, { "cno": "2425", "nombre": "Forestry and natural environment technical engineers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 4765, "empleo_v10": 6533, "empleo_delta_v11": -1768, "salario_medio_eur": 34195, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Their technical work in the natural environment involves the operational management of forestry and physical conservation projects. AI facilitates precision mapping and automated forest inventory through drones and LiDAR technology. However, the technical execution of projects in rugged terrain and the management of field teams require a physical operational capacity that AI does not possess.", "census_2021_employed": 37431, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 844, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 519, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 325, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 521, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 288, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 233, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 420, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 5, "rescore_C": 5.8, "rescore_F": 8, "rescore_R": 2.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.48, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 184, "cumulative_workers_descending": 8347522, "pct_workforce_descending": 36.7211 }, { "cno": "2426", "nombre": "Environmental protection professionals", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 6211, "empleo_v10": 6533, "empleo_delta_v11": -322, "salario_medio_eur": 36915, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Environmental protection professionals supervise regulatory compliance and environmental quality in a hybrid role. AI systems monitor pollutant emissions in real time and alert to deviations from EU legal standards. The inspectorial nature of the role and the need to physically verify environmental complaints maintain the human role as the competent authority.", "census_2021_employed": 37431, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1100, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 542, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 558, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 982, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 429, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 553, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 840, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 6.8, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 5.5, "rescore_R": 4.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.68, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 7065735, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 31.0825, "rank_in_descending": 151, "cumulative_workers_descending": 7030862, "pct_workforce_descending": 30.9291 }, { "cno": "2427", "nombre": "Oenologists", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 858, "empleo_v10": 6533, "empleo_delta_v11": -5675, "salario_medio_eur": 33029, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Oenology combines digital chemical analysis with the physical sensory judgment of wine, a key sector in Spain. AI monitors fermentation through sensors and predicts grape quality from climate and soil data. However, the final sensory nuance and the creation of an artistic flavor profile for the wine market depend on the human palate and experience.", "census_2021_employed": 37431, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 152, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 80, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 72, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 198, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 92, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 106, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 199, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 5, "rescore_C": 4.8, "rescore_F": 7, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.41, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 196, "cumulative_workers_descending": 8378606, "pct_workforce_descending": 36.8578 }, { "cno": "2431", "nombre": "Industrial and production engineers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 82500, "empleo_v10": 23189, "empleo_delta_v11": 59311, "salario_medio_eur": 44687, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Industrial engineering focuses on the optimization of complex production processes and systems, a predominantly digital endeavor. Digital twins and AI-driven process optimization already enable the autonomous redesign of entire factories to maximize efficiency. The human engineer is critical for integrating disruptive new technologies and managing industrial safety on the factory floor.", "census_2021_employed": 138942, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 11020, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 8219, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 2801, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 6075, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 4041, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 2034, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 5541, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 7.8, "rescore_C": 7.2, "rescore_F": 4.2, "rescore_R": 4.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.48, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 6236350, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 27.434, "rank_in_descending": 118, "cumulative_workers_descending": 6129567, "pct_workforce_descending": 26.9642 }, { "cno": "2432", "nombre": "Construction and civil engineering engineers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 33996, "empleo_v10": 23189, "empleo_delta_v11": 10807, "salario_medio_eur": 43521, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "This engineering discipline designs and supervises large physical infrastructure, integrating complex calculations with construction management. AI software optimizes structural design to save materials and predicts wear on critical infrastructure such as bridges. Direct supervision of on-site safety and the resolution of unforeseen geological or technical issues require the expert judgment of a human engineer.", "census_2021_employed": 138942, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 4541, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 3399, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1142, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1316, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 889, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 427, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1268, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 7, "rescore_C": 6.8, "rescore_F": 6.2, "rescore_R": 5.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.34, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 7065735, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 31.0825, "rank_in_descending": 143, "cumulative_workers_descending": 6887808, "pct_workforce_descending": 30.2998 }, { "cno": "2433", "nombre": "Mechanical engineers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 22033, "empleo_v10": 23189, "empleo_delta_v11": -1156, "salario_medio_eur": 43521, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Mechanical engineering designs machines and physical systems using CAD software and digital simulation tools. Generative AI design already creates optimized mechanical components that surpass traditional human designs in lightness and strength. Physical prototype validation and supervision of complex machinery manufacturing maintain the balance between AI and the engineer.", "census_2021_employed": 138942, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2943, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2488, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 455, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2068, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1699, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 369, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1823, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 7.8, "rescore_C": 7.2, "rescore_F": 4.5, "rescore_R": 3.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.53, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 6236350, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 27.434, "rank_in_descending": 119, "cumulative_workers_descending": 6151600, "pct_workforce_descending": 27.0611 }, { "cno": "2434", "nombre": "Aeronautical engineers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 10226, "empleo_v10": 23189, "empleo_delta_v11": -12963, "salario_medio_eur": 48572, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Aeronautical engineering operates in an environment of maximum digital precision and physical safety requirements. AI is fundamental for aerodynamic design, flight simulation, and predictive turbine maintenance through vibration analysis. Given the extreme risk and strict aviation regulations, any AI-assisted design decision must be certified by a responsible human engineer.", "census_2021_employed": 138942, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1366, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1011, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 355, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 233, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 194, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 39, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 199, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8.5, "rescore_C": 7.2, "rescore_F": 3, "rescore_R": 6.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.57, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 6236350, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 27.434, "rank_in_descending": 122, "cumulative_workers_descending": 6194109, "pct_workforce_descending": 27.2481 }, { "cno": "2435", "nombre": "Chemical engineers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 10646, "empleo_v10": 23189, "empleo_delta_v11": -12543, "salario_medio_eur": 40801, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Chemical engineers design industrial material transformation processes, a highly complex intellectual and digital endeavor. AI algorithms optimize chemical reactions in real time to maximize yield and reduce energy consumption in plants. The design of new synthetic routes and the management of chemical safety in high-risk facilities require expert human oversight.", "census_2021_employed": 138942, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1422, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 767, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 655, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 844, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 400, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 444, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 773, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 7.5, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 4.2, "rescore_R": 4.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.18, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 6236350, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 27.434, "rank_in_descending": 121, "cumulative_workers_descending": 6183883, "pct_workforce_descending": 27.2032 }, { "cno": "2436", "nombre": "Mining, metallurgical and related engineers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 3242, "empleo_v10": 23189, "empleo_delta_v11": -19947, "salario_medio_eur": 36915, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "This engineering discipline manages the extraction and processing of metals in large-scale physical environments. AI improves the efficiency of metallurgical processes and automates mineral classification through high-speed sensors. The harshness of the mining environment and the need to manage human teams under difficult conditions ensure that the engineer maintains operational relevance.", "census_2021_employed": 138942, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 433, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 336, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 97, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 251, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 171, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 80, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 227, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 6.2, "rescore_C": 6.2, "rescore_F": 7, "rescore_R": 5.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.86, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 188, "cumulative_workers_descending": 8361944, "pct_workforce_descending": 36.7845 }, { "cno": "2437", "nombre": "Environmental engineers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 5008, "empleo_v10": 23188, "empleo_delta_v11": -18180, "salario_medio_eur": 36915, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Environmental engineers design technological solutions for pollution problems, working in a hybrid technical and regulatory environment. AI processes contaminant dispersion models and autonomously optimizes the design of water treatment plants. Deep knowledge of Spanish environmental legislation and the physical application of engineering solutions on-site protect the profession.", "census_2021_employed": 138942, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 669, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 301, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 368, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 603, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 276, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 327, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 569, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 7.2, "rescore_C": 6.8, "rescore_F": 5, "rescore_R": 4.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.88, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 6236350, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 27.434, "rank_in_descending": 127, "cumulative_workers_descending": 6228204, "pct_workforce_descending": 27.3981 }, { "cno": "2439", "nombre": "Engineers n.e.c.", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 156586, "empleo_v10": 23188, "empleo_delta_v11": 133398, "salario_medio_eur": 36915, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "This group of diverse engineers performs design and technical consulting tasks that are predominantly digital. AI automates standard engineering calculations and the generation of detailed technical documentation and blueprints. The professional's value lies in the integration of complex systems and strategic consulting for clients requiring non-standardized technical solutions.", "census_2021_employed": 138942, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 20916, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 14198, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 6718, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2094, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1201, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 893, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1765, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 7.2, "rescore_C": 6.8, "rescore_F": 4.8, "rescore_R": 4, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.98, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 6236350, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 27.434, "rank_in_descending": 117, "cumulative_workers_descending": 6047067, "pct_workforce_descending": 26.6013 }, { "cno": "2441", "nombre": "Electrical engineers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 6844, "empleo_v10": 12896, "empleo_delta_v11": -6052, "salario_medio_eur": 36915, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Electrical engineering designs power generation and distribution systems, operating with digital networks and physical assets. AI is crucial for the management of Smart Grids, balancing the supply and demand of renewable energy in real time. The supervision of high-voltage physical infrastructure and the response to major electrical system failures require expert human intervention.", "census_2021_employed": 32004, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1590, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1283, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 307, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 940, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 772, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 168, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 812, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 7.8, "rescore_C": 7.2, "rescore_F": 4.2, "rescore_R": 4.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.43, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 6236350, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 27.434, "rank_in_descending": 125, "cumulative_workers_descending": 6217811, "pct_workforce_descending": 27.3524 }, { "cno": "2442", "nombre": "Electronics engineers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 10244, "empleo_v10": 12896, "empleo_delta_v11": -2652, "salario_medio_eur": 36915, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Electronics engineers design circuits and digital systems, a task that occurs almost entirely in a virtual environment. AI automates semiconductor design and integrated circuit verification, enabling a complexity that would be unmanageable for a human. The engineer focuses on architectural innovation and the integration of hardware and software in smart devices.", "census_2021_employed": 32004, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2380, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1972, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 408, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1156, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 960, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 196, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 989, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8.5, "rescore_C": 7.8, "rescore_F": 3, "rescore_R": 3.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 4.68, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 4669215, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 20.5401, "rank_in_descending": 81, "cumulative_workers_descending": 4624100, "pct_workforce_descending": 20.3416 }, { "cno": "2443", "nombre": "Telecommunications engineers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 10920, "empleo_v10": 12895, "empleo_delta_v11": -1975, "salario_medio_eur": 45852, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Telecommunications engineering designs and manages data networks, a purely digital and technological field. AI autonomously optimizes network traffic, predicts failures in 5G/6G infrastructure, and manages cybersecurity through attack detection. As architects of connectivity, these professionals see much of their routine technical work automated by the very systems they design.", "census_2021_employed": 32004, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2537, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2001, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 536, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1543, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1204, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 339, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1252, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9, "rescore_C": 8.2, "rescore_F": 2, "rescore_R": 3.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 5.59, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 3449439, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 15.1742, "rank_in_descending": 55, "cumulative_workers_descending": 3406858, "pct_workforce_descending": 14.9869 }, { "cno": "2451", "nombre": "Architects (except landscape and urban planners)", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 53601, "empleo_v10": 15159, "empleo_delta_v11": 38442, "salario_medio_eur": 40801, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Architecture combines creative digital design with the technical supervision of physical construction. Generative AI already creates detailed blueprints, optimizes design energy efficiency, and instantly generates photorealistic 3D visualizations. The human architect remains essential for aesthetic vision, adaptation to the Spanish urban context, and legal responsibility for structural safety.", "census_2021_employed": 48717, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 5290, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2603, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 2687, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2733, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1178, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1555, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2633, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8, "rescore_C": 6.8, "rescore_F": 4, "rescore_R": 7, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.8, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 7065735, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 31.0825, "rank_in_descending": 136, "cumulative_workers_descending": 6604577, "pct_workforce_descending": 29.0538 }, { "cno": "2452", "nombre": "Landscape architects", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 1307, "empleo_v10": 15159, "empleo_delta_v11": -13852, "salario_medio_eur": 40801, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Landscape architects design outdoor spaces integrating nature and urbanism, a hybrid technical and creative role. AI assists in urban ecosystem modeling and the selection of optimal plant species based on local climate. The artistic sensitivity to create livable public spaces and the supervision of physical landscaping on-site require human intuition and presence.", "census_2021_employed": 48717, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 129, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 55, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 74, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 332, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 146, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 186, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 310, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 7.2, "rescore_C": 6.8, "rescore_F": 5.5, "rescore_R": 4.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.83, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 7065735, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 31.0825, "rank_in_descending": 160, "cumulative_workers_descending": 7063277, "pct_workforce_descending": 31.0717 }, { "cno": "2453", "nombre": "Urban planners and traffic engineers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 375, "empleo_v10": 15158, "empleo_delta_v11": -14783, "salario_medio_eur": 36915, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "This profession manages the flow of people and vehicles in cities, relying on purely digital data models. AI systems control traffic in real time and optimize urban transport network design through high-fidelity simulations. The human urban planner is needed to balance political, social, and livability needs that algorithms cannot weigh.", "census_2021_employed": 48717, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 37, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 16, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 21, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 493, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 227, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 266, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 503, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8.2, "rescore_C": 7.5, "rescore_F": 3, "rescore_R": 5.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.71, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 5890481, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 25.9125, "rank_in_descending": 115, "cumulative_workers_descending": 5890322, "pct_workforce_descending": 25.9118 }, { "cno": "2454", "nombre": "Geographic and cartographic engineers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 1560, "empleo_v10": 15158, "empleo_delta_v11": -13598, "salario_medio_eur": 36915, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Cartographic engineers create maps and manage geospatial data, a task that has shifted from physical to purely digital. AI automates the extraction of geographic features from satellite images and real-time map updates. Human value centers on the management of complex geographic information systems (GIS) and the validation of critical data for territorial sovereignty.", "census_2021_employed": 48717, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 154, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 100, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 54, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 173, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 101, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 72, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 152, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8.5, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 2.5, "rescore_R": 2.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 5.16, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 3449439, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 15.1742, "rank_in_descending": 61, "cumulative_workers_descending": 3447053, "pct_workforce_descending": 15.1637 }, { "cno": "2461", "nombre": "Industrial and production technical engineers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 36640, "empleo_v10": 11380, "empleo_delta_v11": 25260, "salario_medio_eur": 44687, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "These technical engineers execute industrial and production projects, operating at the interface between digital design and the physical plant. AI facilitates production scheduling and quality control through computer vision on assembly lines. The resolution of unforeseen mechanical breakdowns and direct supervision of safety compliance in the factory maintain the human component of the position.", "census_2021_employed": 62850, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 4443, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 3290, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1153, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2225, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1440, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 785, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2073, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 7, "rescore_C": 6.8, "rescore_F": 5.2, "rescore_R": 3.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.84, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 7065735, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 31.0825, "rank_in_descending": 141, "cumulative_workers_descending": 6817366, "pct_workforce_descending": 29.9899 }, { "cno": "2462", "nombre": "Civil works technical engineers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 9550, "empleo_v10": 11380, "empleo_delta_v11": -1830, "salario_medio_eur": 34195, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Their technical work focuses on the execution of public works, requiring on-site coordination and physical materials management. AI optimizes construction logistics and cost control, as well as monitoring progress through surveillance drones. The technical engineer is responsible for rapid decision-making in variable terrain conditions that were not anticipated by digital models.", "census_2021_employed": 62850, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1158, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 827, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 331, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 957, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 591, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 366, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 945, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 6.2, "rescore_C": 6.2, "rescore_F": 7.2, "rescore_R": 4.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.89, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 178, "cumulative_workers_descending": 8314205, "pct_workforce_descending": 36.5745 }, { "cno": "2463", "nombre": "Mechanical technical engineers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 9146, "empleo_v10": 11380, "empleo_delta_v11": -2234, "salario_medio_eur": 43521, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Mechanical technical engineers supervise equipment manufacturing and maintenance, combining CAD design with workshop work. AI-driven predictive maintenance indicates when a part will fail, enabling efficient repair scheduling. The physical execution of complex mechanical adjustments and technical supervision of operators require expert human presence in the industrial setting.", "census_2021_employed": 62850, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1109, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 972, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 137, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1636, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1303, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 333, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1635, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 7.2, "rescore_C": 6.8, "rescore_F": 5.2, "rescore_R": 3.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.93, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 6236350, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 27.434, "rank_in_descending": 123, "cumulative_workers_descending": 6203255, "pct_workforce_descending": 27.2884 }, { "cno": "2464", "nombre": "Aeronautical technical engineers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 5385, "empleo_v10": 11380, "empleo_delta_v11": -5995, "salario_medio_eur": 48572, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "This aeronautical technical specialty requires rigorous supervision of aircraft safety and maintenance. AI analyzes sensor data from aircraft to optimize inspection cycles and detect material fatigue. Due to the high level of regulation and risk to life, human technical validation of each maintenance process remains an absolute legal requirement.", "census_2021_employed": 62850, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 653, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 454, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 199, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 317, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 242, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 75, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 259, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 7.8, "rescore_C": 6.8, "rescore_F": 4.8, "rescore_R": 5.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.84, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 6236350, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 27.434, "rank_in_descending": 126, "cumulative_workers_descending": 6223196, "pct_workforce_descending": 27.3761 }, { "cno": "2465", "nombre": "Chemical technical engineers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 2779, "empleo_v10": 11380, "empleo_delta_v11": -8601, "salario_medio_eur": 40801, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Chemical technical engineers operate process plants, a task that blends digital control with physical intervention on valves and chemical systems. AI-assisted distributed control systems manage plant energy efficiency autonomously. On-site chemical safety supervision and immediate response to leak or uncontrolled reaction emergencies depend on the human operator.", "census_2021_employed": 62850, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 337, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 177, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 160, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 533, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 217, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 316, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 523, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 6.8, "rescore_C": 6.5, "rescore_F": 5.5, "rescore_R": 3.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.57, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 7065735, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 31.0825, "rank_in_descending": 159, "cumulative_workers_descending": 7061970, "pct_workforce_descending": 31.0659 }, { "cno": "2466", "nombre": "Mining, metallurgical and related technical engineers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 2235, "empleo_v10": 11380, "empleo_delta_v11": -9145, "salario_medio_eur": 34195, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Their work focuses on the technical execution of mining and metallurgical projects, operating in hostile physical environments. AI optimizes drilling and blasting through predictive terrain models, improving mineral recovery. The technical engineer must be present to lead field operations and ensure that physical safety protocols are followed in the mine.", "census_2021_employed": 62850, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 271, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 211, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 60, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 464, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 302, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 162, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 446, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 5.8, "rescore_C": 5.8, "rescore_F": 7.8, "rescore_R": 4.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.54, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 192, "cumulative_workers_descending": 8372747, "pct_workforce_descending": 36.8321 }, { "cno": "2469", "nombre": "Technical engineers n.e.c.", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 62600, "empleo_v10": 11379, "empleo_delta_v11": 51221, "salario_medio_eur": 34195, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "This group encompasses various technical engineers who perform project support and supervisory tasks in predominantly digital environments. AI already drafts technical reports, performs straightforward structural calculations, and automates budget generation. The ability to adapt to unique projects and directly engage with technical clients justifies the need for the human professional.", "census_2021_employed": 62850, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 7591, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 5124, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 2467, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2367, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1481, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 886, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2170, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 6.8, "rescore_C": 6.2, "rescore_F": 5.8, "rescore_R": 3.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.44, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 7065735, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 31.0825, "rank_in_descending": 134, "cumulative_workers_descending": 6488661, "pct_workforce_descending": 28.5439 }, { "cno": "2471", "nombre": "Electrical technical engineers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 7712, "empleo_v10": 8357, "empleo_delta_v11": -645, "salario_medio_eur": 34195, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Electrical technical engineers manage low- and medium-voltage installations, combining digital blueprints with physical assembly. AI helps design efficient electrical installations and detect network faults through data analytics. Technical execution on-site and the safety certification of electrical installations in industrial and residential buildings require a human signoff.", "census_2021_employed": 21276, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 874, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 718, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 156, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 986, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 791, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 195, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 964, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 7.2, "rescore_C": 6.8, "rescore_F": 5.2, "rescore_R": 4.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.84, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 6236350, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 27.434, "rank_in_descending": 124, "cumulative_workers_descending": 6210967, "pct_workforce_descending": 27.3223 }, { "cno": "2472", "nombre": "Electronics technical engineers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 4774, "empleo_v10": 8356, "empleo_delta_v11": -3582, "salario_medio_eur": 34195, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "These professionals execute electronic designs and supervise circuit board manufacturing, a highly precise technical endeavor. AI automates electronic component testing and printed circuit board (PCB) trace design. The technical engineer is vital for assembling physical prototypes and resolving hardware integration issues that arise during production.", "census_2021_employed": 21276, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 541, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 457, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 84, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 833, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 677, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 156, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 789, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8, "rescore_C": 7.2, "rescore_F": 4, "rescore_R": 2.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 4, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 5890481, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 25.9125, "rank_in_descending": 104, "cumulative_workers_descending": 5864831, "pct_workforce_descending": 25.7996 }, { "cno": "2473", "nombre": "Telecommunications technical engineers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 6133, "empleo_v10": 8356, "empleo_delta_v11": -2223, "salario_medio_eur": 45852, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Their work focuses on the installation and maintenance of telecommunications networks, a hybrid technical and operational task. AI monitors antenna performance and remotely optimizes router network configurations. The physical deployment of fiber optics and the resolution of hardware problems at cell tower base stations require human physical travel and manual dexterity.", "census_2021_employed": 21276, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 695, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 568, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 127, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 929, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 739, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 190, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 792, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8.5, "rescore_C": 7.8, "rescore_F": 3.5, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 4.61, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 4669215, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 20.5401, "rank_in_descending": 85, "cumulative_workers_descending": 4655002, "pct_workforce_descending": 20.4775 }, { "cno": "2481", "nombre": "Technical architects and urban planning technicians", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 32660, "empleo_v10": 23871, "empleo_delta_v11": 8789, "salario_medio_eur": 33029, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Technical architects supervise the material execution of construction works, bearing responsibility for the safety and physical quality of the building. AI enables precise measurements through laser scanning and real-time budget control. Direct oversight ensuring that what is built matches the project and the physical coordination of various trades on-site are distinctly human tasks.", "census_2021_employed": 74442, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 5151, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 3009, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 2142, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2852, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1506, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1346, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2846, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 6.8, "rescore_C": 6.5, "rescore_F": 7, "rescore_R": 7, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.84, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 173, "cumulative_workers_descending": 8229337, "pct_workforce_descending": 36.2012 }, { "cno": "2482", "nombre": "Product and garment designers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 10322, "empleo_v10": 23870, "empleo_delta_v11": -13548, "salario_medio_eur": 31086, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Product and garment design is a creative digital activity that materializes into physical objects. Generative AI already produces thousands of aesthetic and functional variants from just a few parameters, accelerating the design cycle. The human designer is crucial for understanding cultural trends, real-world ergonomics, and the commercial viability of products in the Spanish market.", "census_2021_employed": 74442, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1628, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 501, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1127, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 6244, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1726, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 4518, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 6196, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8.2, "rescore_C": 8.2, "rescore_F": 3, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 5.5, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 3449439, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 15.1742, "rank_in_descending": 57, "cumulative_workers_descending": 3428087, "pct_workforce_descending": 15.0803 }, { "cno": "2483", "nombre": "Surveying technical engineers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 4939, "empleo_v10": 23870, "empleo_delta_v11": -18931, "salario_medio_eur": 34195, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Surveying involves precise terrain measurement, a task that combines physical fieldwork with digital processing. AI automates the creation of digital elevation models from drone and satellite data with minimal intervention. Although data processing is automatic, the physical placement of markers and the legal validation of boundaries in the Spanish Cadastre require an accredited surveyor.", "census_2021_employed": 74442, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 779, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 623, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 156, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 287, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 155, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 132, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 300, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 7.2, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 7.2, "rescore_R": 4.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.56, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 7065735, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 31.0825, "rank_in_descending": 154, "cumulative_workers_descending": 7046696, "pct_workforce_descending": 30.9987 }, { "cno": "2484", "nombre": "Graphic and multimedia designers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 38937, "empleo_v10": 23870, "empleo_delta_v11": 15067, "salario_medio_eur": 31086, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 8.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Graphic and multimedia design is a purely digital profession that has been radically transformed by generative AI. AI tools already create logos, illustrations, animations, and web layouts of high quality from text prompts alone. The designer must evolve toward creative direction and strategic thinking, as technical visual production is almost entirely automated.", "census_2021_employed": 74442, "epa_2digit_empleo": 760000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 6141, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2910, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 3231, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 22265, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 11583, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 10682, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 21734, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9.5, "rescore_C": 9, "rescore_F": 0, "rescore_R": 0, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 8.55, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 273077, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 1.2013, "rank_in_descending": 4, "cumulative_workers_descending": 247344, "pct_workforce_descending": 1.0881 }, { "cno": "2511", "nombre": "Lawyers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 182954, "empleo_v10": 56131, "empleo_delta_v11": 126823, "salario_medio_eur": 42744, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7.5, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Legal practice involves the interpretation of laws, contract drafting, and courtroom representation, activities that are digital and intellectually demanding. AI already performs contract reviews, case law searches, and legal draft writing with extreme speed. Nevertheless, litigation strategy, client empathy, and courtroom advocacy remain bastions of the human profession under Spanish regulation.", "census_2021_employed": 126801, "epa_2digit_empleo": 269400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 8933, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 3367, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 5566, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 13212, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 4137, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 9075, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 13501, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 2, "rescore_R": 9, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.56, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2666360, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 11.7294, "rank_in_descending": 14, "cumulative_workers_descending": 1512085, "pct_workforce_descending": 6.6517 }, { "cno": "2512", "nombre": "Public prosecutors", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 2355, "empleo_v10": 56131, "empleo_delta_v11": -53776, "salario_medio_eur": 58287, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7.5, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Prosecutors represent the State in criminal proceedings, requiring deep ethical and legal judgment in hybrid environments (office and courtroom). AI assists in the analysis of massive evidence and crime classification under the penal code, streamlining case preparation. The final decision on charges and the defense of the public interest at the bar are functions that require human moral conscience.", "census_2021_employed": 126801, "epa_2digit_empleo": 269400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 115, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 61, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 54, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 69, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 15, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 54, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 72, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 3, "rescore_R": 9.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.81, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2666360, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 11.7294, "rank_in_descending": 35, "cumulative_workers_descending": 2659461, "pct_workforce_descending": 11.6991 }, { "cno": "2513", "nombre": "Judges and magistrates", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 1761, "empleo_v10": 56131, "empleo_delta_v11": -54370, "salario_medio_eur": 69944, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Judges hand down sentences based on the law and the assessment of evidence, a task of the highest intellectual and moral responsibility. AI can predict judicial outcomes and summarize lengthy case files, but the EU AI Act prohibits automated judicial decision-making without human oversight. The ability to assess intent, remorse, and the social circumstances of the defendant is a strictly human quality.", "census_2021_employed": 126801, "epa_2digit_empleo": 269400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 86, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 59, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 27, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 149, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 33, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 116, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 154, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9.5, "rescore_C": 7.8, "rescore_F": 1.5, "rescore_R": 9.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.46, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 6236350, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 27.434, "rank_in_descending": 129, "cumulative_workers_descending": 6233669, "pct_workforce_descending": 27.4222 }, { "cno": "2591", "nombre": "Notaries and registrars", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 904, "empleo_v10": 23380, "empleo_delta_v11": -22476, "salario_medio_eur": 66059, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7.5, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Notaries and registrars provide public faith and legal certainty to civil and commercial acts, a highly digitized bureaucratic role in Spain. AI systems and distributed ledger technologies can automate document verification and property database management. However, their function of legality control and impartial face-to-face advice to citizens maintain the component of human authority.", "census_2021_employed": 55809, "epa_2digit_empleo": 269400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 33, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 11, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 22, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 40, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 14, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 26, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 35, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8.5, "rescore_C": 7.5, "rescore_F": 5, "rescore_R": 10, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.39, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2666360, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 11.7294, "rank_in_descending": 39, "cumulative_workers_descending": 2665438, "pct_workforce_descending": 11.7254 }, { "cno": "2592", "nombre": "Court representatives (procuradores)", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 466, "empleo_v10": 23379, "empleo_delta_v11": -22913, "salario_medio_eur": 34972, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7.5, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Court agents represent parties before the courts, managing notifications and procedural deadlines in a purely administrative and digital role. The LexNET system in Spain is already integrating automations for the management of filings and deadline notices through AI. Being a procedural intermediation role, AI has high potential to assume the routine tasks of judicial case file management.", "census_2021_employed": 55809, "epa_2digit_empleo": 269400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 17, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 7, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 10, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 253, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 64, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 189, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 258, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 3, "rescore_R": 8.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.52, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2666360, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 11.7294, "rank_in_descending": 40, "cumulative_workers_descending": 2665904, "pct_workforce_descending": 11.7274 }, { "cno": "2599", "nombre": "Legal professionals n.e.c.", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 80965, "empleo_v10": 23379, "empleo_delta_v11": 57586, "salario_medio_eur": 38858, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 8, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "This group includes legal advisors and mediators whose tasks are predominantly digital and communication-based. Generative AI can autonomously draft clauses, analyze legal risks, and propose conflict resolution solutions based on precedents. Given the text-based and logical-rule-driven nature of most of these tasks, the profession faces a very high level of vulnerability to automation.", "census_2021_employed": 55809, "epa_2digit_empleo": 269400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2955, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1053, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1902, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 12742, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 4218, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 8524, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 12650, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8.5, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 2, "rescore_R": 7.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.82, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 1104132, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 4.8571, "rank_in_descending": 9, "cumulative_workers_descending": 1075923, "pct_workforce_descending": 4.733 }, { "cno": "2611", "nombre": "Accounting specialists", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 73948, "empleo_v10": 45677, "empleo_delta_v11": 28271, "salario_medio_eur": 40801, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6, "eu_ai_act": "Limited risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Accounting specialists design financial systems and oversee the integrity of economic data in digital environments. AI already autonomously performs data entry, bank reconciliation, and the detection of errors or accounting fraud attempts. The accountant is evolving toward a role as systems auditor and strategic advisor, as operational accounting is being absorbed by algorithms.", "census_2021_employed": 104433, "epa_2digit_empleo": 678000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 6598, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 3108, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 3490, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 12746, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 4810, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 7936, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 12175, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9.5, "rescore_C": 9, "rescore_F": 0.5, "rescore_R": 4, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 6.67, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 4669215, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 20.5401, "rank_in_descending": 69, "cumulative_workers_descending": 4221222, "pct_workforce_descending": 18.5693 }, { "cno": "2612", "nombre": "Financial and investment advisors", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 16711, "empleo_v10": 45676, "empleo_delta_v11": -28965, "salario_medio_eur": 48572, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Financial advisors manage investment portfolios and analyze markets, operating in a purely digital information environment. Robo-advisors and algorithmic AI already outperform many humans in passive management and portfolio rebalancing based on real-time data. The personal relationship, the management of the client's emotional risk tolerance, and complex tax advisory in Spain preserve the human role.", "census_2021_employed": 104433, "epa_2digit_empleo": 678000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1491, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 901, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 590, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3160, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1959, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1201, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 3084, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8.5, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 2.5, "rescore_R": 7.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.72, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 4669215, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 20.5401, "rank_in_descending": 79, "cumulative_workers_descending": 4601602, "pct_workforce_descending": 20.2426 }, { "cno": "2613", "nombre": "Financial analysts", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 42006, "empleo_v10": 45676, "empleo_delta_v11": -3670, "salario_medio_eur": 48572, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Financial analysts process economic data to predict market trends and value companies in a massive digital environment. AI is capable of instantly processing earnings reports, global news, and alternative data to generate investment recommendations. Much of the routine technical analysis is automated, leaving the human analyst with the qualitative interpretation of corporate strategy.", "census_2021_employed": 104433, "epa_2digit_empleo": 678000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 3748, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2155, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1593, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 970, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 495, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 475, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 854, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9.5, "rescore_C": 9, "rescore_F": 0.5, "rescore_R": 5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 6.25, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 4669215, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 20.5401, "rank_in_descending": 74, "cumulative_workers_descending": 4486973, "pct_workforce_descending": 19.7384 }, { "cno": "2621", "nombre": "Management and organisation analysts", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 188494, "empleo_v10": 59412, "empleo_delta_v11": 129082, "salario_medio_eur": 36915, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "These analysts study organizational structure and propose efficiency improvements, an intellectual digital consulting endeavor. AI can analyze workflows through process mining and suggest optimal restructuring based on productivity data. Implementing changes in corporate culture and managing human resistance to organizational change require human social and leadership skills.", "census_2021_employed": 217407, "epa_2digit_empleo": 678000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 13236, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 7555, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 5681, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1343, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 616, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 727, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1206, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 3, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 5.51, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 4669215, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 20.5401, "rank_in_descending": 64, "cumulative_workers_descending": 3637933, "pct_workforce_descending": 16.0034 }, { "cno": "2622", "nombre": "Business policy administration specialists", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 65679, "empleo_v10": 59412, "empleo_delta_v11": 6267, "salario_medio_eur": 36915, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Business policy specialists design long-term strategy, a hybrid task involving data analysis and human vision. AI assists by providing predictive scenarios and analyzing competitive positioning from public digital sources. Ethical decision-making and the assumption of significant business risks under political or social uncertainty continue to depend on human managerial judgment.", "census_2021_employed": 217407, "epa_2digit_empleo": 678000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 4612, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2309, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 2303, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 21992, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 8123, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 13869, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 21736, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8.5, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 2, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 5.2, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 4669215, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 20.5401, "rank_in_descending": 70, "cumulative_workers_descending": 4286901, "pct_workforce_descending": 18.8583 }, { "cno": "2623", "nombre": "Public administration specialists", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 54372, "empleo_v10": 59412, "empleo_delta_v11": -5040, "salario_medio_eur": 36915, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "These specialists manage complex processes within the Spanish Public Administration, relying on digital regulations and procedures. AI systems and electronic government platforms enable the automation of case management and citizen services for standard procedures. The resolution of exceptional cases requiring regulatory interpretation and the judgment of administrative fairness maintain the role of the human specialist.", "census_2021_employed": 217407, "epa_2digit_empleo": 678000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 3818, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1569, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 2249, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 4045, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1145, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 2900, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1879, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 2, "rescore_R": 8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.89, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 4669215, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 20.5401, "rank_in_descending": 71, "cumulative_workers_descending": 4341273, "pct_workforce_descending": 19.0974 }, { "cno": "2624", "nombre": "Personnel policy and services specialists", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 124794, "empleo_v10": 59412, "empleo_delta_v11": 65382, "salario_medio_eur": 36915, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5.5, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "These specialists design hiring and personnel management policies, combining data analysis with talent strategy. AI already automates job design, salary level classification, and external labor market analysis. Mediation in collective bargaining and the definition of the employee value proposition in specific local contexts require human sensitivity.", "census_2021_employed": 217407, "epa_2digit_empleo": 678000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 8763, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2260, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 6503, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 35114, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 7140, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 27974, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 34514, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 2, "rescore_R": 7, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.74, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 5890481, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 25.9125, "rank_in_descending": 93, "cumulative_workers_descending": 5534620, "pct_workforce_descending": 24.347 }, { "cno": "2625", "nombre": "Personnel training specialists", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 26958, "empleo_v10": 59412, "empleo_delta_v11": -32454, "salario_medio_eur": 33029, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5.5, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Training specialists design corporate learning plans, an increasingly digitized task. Generative AI already creates personalized training content, educational videos, and tutoring platforms that adapt to employee progress. The human trainer is shifting toward direct mentoring and soft skills coaching that require in-person interaction and social practice.", "census_2021_employed": 217407, "epa_2digit_empleo": 678000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1893, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 797, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1096, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 244, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 67, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 177, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 226, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 7.5, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 3, "rescore_R": 2.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 4.46, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 5890481, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 25.9125, "rank_in_descending": 98, "cumulative_workers_descending": 5792971, "pct_workforce_descending": 25.4835 }, { "cno": "2630", "nombre": "Tourism business and activities technicians", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 7021, "empleo_v10": 19273, "empleo_delta_v11": -12252, "salario_medio_eur": 31086, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Tourism professionals design tourism products and manage destinations, integrating market data with the physical reality of the territory. AI optimizes the creation of personalized itineraries and massively analyzes tourist sentiment on social media. Managing physical agreements with local suppliers and in-person destination promotion at trade fairs and events maintain the hybrid component of the position.", "census_2021_employed": 16581, "epa_2digit_empleo": 678000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 7427, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 3215, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 4212, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 12287, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2552, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 9735, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 11932, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 7.5, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 4.5, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.95, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 4669215, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 20.5401, "rank_in_descending": 84, "cumulative_workers_descending": 4648869, "pct_workforce_descending": 20.4506 }, { "cno": "2640", "nombre": "Technical and medical sales professionals (except ICT)", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 8375, "empleo_v10": 23209, "empleo_delta_v11": -14834, "salario_medio_eur": 36915, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Technical and medical sales require deep specialized knowledge of complex products in a hybrid commercial and technical role. AI helps through clinical data analysis and the generation of personalized technical presentations for each professional client. Sales success depends on building an expert relationship of trust and in-person clinical advising, which protects the occupation.", "census_2021_employed": 19779, "epa_2digit_empleo": 678000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 6111, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 3581, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 2530, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 20809, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 12964, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 7845, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 21092, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 6.5, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 7, "rescore_R": 5.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.14, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 4669215, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 20.5401, "rank_in_descending": 83, "cumulative_workers_descending": 4641848, "pct_workforce_descending": 20.4197 }, { "cno": "2651", "nombre": "Advertising and marketing professionals", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 54234, "empleo_v10": 22942, "empleo_delta_v11": 31292, "salario_medio_eur": 42744, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Advertising professionals analyze markets and design creative campaigns, operating in a digital and media environment. AI already automates audience segmentation, programmatic ad buying, and the creation of ad versions optimized for each user. The ability to understand the humor, irony, and cultural values of Spanish society to emotionally connect with the public remains human.", "census_2021_employed": 54834, "epa_2digit_empleo": 678000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 23464, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 9031, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 14433, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 27461, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 9613, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 17848, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 25847, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9, "rescore_C": 9, "rescore_F": 1, "rescore_R": 2.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 6.73, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 4669215, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 20.5401, "rank_in_descending": 72, "cumulative_workers_descending": 4395507, "pct_workforce_descending": 19.336 }, { "cno": "2652", "nombre": "Public relations professionals", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 9373, "empleo_v10": 22942, "empleo_delta_v11": -13569, "salario_medio_eur": 36915, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Public relations professionals manage external communication and brand reputation in a hybrid social and digital environment. AI monitors mentions in real time and drafts basic press releases, but it cannot manage personal relationships with key journalists. Building strategic alliances and navigating sensitive political situations require a social intelligence that AI does not yet possess.", "census_2021_employed": 54834, "epa_2digit_empleo": 678000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 4055, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1253, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 2802, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 4114, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1242, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 2872, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 3845, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 3.5, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 5.35, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 4669215, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 20.5401, "rank_in_descending": 82, "cumulative_workers_descending": 4633473, "pct_workforce_descending": 20.3828 }, { "cno": "2653", "nombre": "ICT sales professionals", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 6051, "empleo_v10": 22941, "empleo_delta_v11": -16890, "salario_medio_eur": 33029, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Selling ICT solutions involves advising on complex digital infrastructure, a task that is both technical and consultative. AI can generate proposed network architectures and answer technical questions about software compatibility. Closing the sales cycle for large technology projects depends on strategic negotiation and trust in the human team that will implement the solution.", "census_2021_employed": 54834, "epa_2digit_empleo": 678000, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2618, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1502, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1116, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2873, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2454, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 419, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2822, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 4, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 4.03, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 4669215, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 20.5401, "rank_in_descending": 86, "cumulative_workers_descending": 4661053, "pct_workforce_descending": 20.5042 }, { "cno": "2711", "nombre": "Systems analysts", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 75268, "empleo_v10": 48085, "empleo_delta_v11": 27183, "salario_medio_eur": 40801, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Systems analysts design the technical architecture of IT solutions, a purely digital task of high abstraction. AI already assists in requirements definition, logical design flaw detection, and cloud architecture optimization. Although the design of complex systems remains human, the automation of technical workflows is reducing the burden of manual analytical tasks.", "census_2021_employed": 143775, "epa_2digit_empleo": 327400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 11106, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 8149, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 2957, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 5479, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 4327, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1152, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 4800, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9.5, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 1, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 6.5, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 3449439, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 15.1742, "rank_in_descending": 50, "cumulative_workers_descending": 3282800, "pct_workforce_descending": 14.4412 }, { "cno": "2712", "nombre": "Software analysts and designers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 40846, "empleo_v10": 48085, "empleo_delta_v11": -7239, "salario_medio_eur": 46630, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 8.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Substitution", "justificacion": "Software analysis and design is one of the areas most impacted by generative AI coding tools (such as GitHub Copilot or Gemini). Currently, AI is capable of generating complete functions, refactoring code, and documenting systems from natural language with high effectiveness. The analyst must evolve toward high-level architecture and security, as foundational technical programming is undergoing unprecedented automation.", "census_2021_employed": 143775, "epa_2digit_empleo": 327400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 6027, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 4575, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1452, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 6123, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 4562, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1561, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 5490, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9.5, "rescore_C": 9, "rescore_F": 0.5, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 7.5, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 273077, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 1.2013, "rank_in_descending": 3, "cumulative_workers_descending": 208407, "pct_workforce_descending": 0.9168 }, { "cno": "2713", "nombre": "Web and multimedia analysts, programmers and designers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 118243, "empleo_v10": 48085, "empleo_delta_v11": 70158, "salario_medio_eur": 46630, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 8.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Substitution", "justificacion": "Web design and programming is a purely digital activity that is extremely vulnerable to multimodal generative AI. Current tools already create functional websites, user interfaces (UI), and front-end code from simple sketches or text instructions. The profession is rapidly shifting toward strategic user experience (UX) and systems integration, as layout and visual design become automated.", "census_2021_employed": 143775, "epa_2digit_empleo": 327400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 17447, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 12776, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 4671, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 14135, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 9817, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 4318, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 12935, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 10, "rescore_C": 9, "rescore_F": 0, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 8.55, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 273077, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 1.2013, "rank_in_descending": 2, "cumulative_workers_descending": 167561, "pct_workforce_descending": 0.7371 }, { "cno": "2719", "nombre": "Software and multimedia analysts and designers n.e.c.", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 25733, "empleo_v10": 48084, "empleo_delta_v11": -22351, "salario_medio_eur": 46630, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 8.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Substitution", "justificacion": "This group of software professionals performs diverse digital technical tasks that are primary targets for algorithmic automation. Large language models master programming languages and logical design patterns, being able to perform much of the development work autonomously. Human oversight becomes a role of security validation and alignment with specific business needs.", "census_2021_employed": 143775, "epa_2digit_empleo": 327400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 3797, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2686, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1111, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2863, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2153, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 710, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2569, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9.5, "rescore_C": 9, "rescore_F": 0.5, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 7.92, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 273077, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 1.2013, "rank_in_descending": 5, "cumulative_workers_descending": 273077, "pct_workforce_descending": 1.2013 }, { "cno": "2721", "nombre": "Database designers and administrators", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 6864, "empleo_v10": 11362, "empleo_delta_v11": -4498, "salario_medio_eur": 44687, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Database administration is a digital task centered on the integrity, security, and performance of information. AI already automates performance tuning, unauthorized access detection, and intelligent backup execution. The administrator now focuses on data governance and compliance with the strict data protection regulations (GDPR) within the EU framework.", "census_2021_employed": 37212, "epa_2digit_empleo": 327400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1419, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 946, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 473, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 6987, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 5523, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1464, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 6153, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9.5, "rescore_C": 8.5, "rescore_F": 1, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 6.52, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2666360, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 11.7294, "rank_in_descending": 31, "cumulative_workers_descending": 2642399, "pct_workforce_descending": 11.624 }, { "cno": "2722", "nombre": "Systems and network administrators", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 18658, "empleo_v10": 11361, "empleo_delta_v11": 7297, "salario_medio_eur": 40801, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Network administrators manage the physical and digital connectivity of organizations, a task that mixes software and hardware maintenance. AI automates network configuration and proactive software incident resolution through SD-WAN and intent-based networking. The need for physical cabling and server installation in data centers partially protects the occupation.", "census_2021_employed": 37212, "epa_2digit_empleo": 327400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 3857, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2893, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 964, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2416, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2190, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 226, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2251, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8, "rescore_C": 7.5, "rescore_F": 3, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 4.34, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 3449439, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 15.1742, "rank_in_descending": 53, "cumulative_workers_descending": 3379302, "pct_workforce_descending": 14.8657 }, { "cno": "2723", "nombre": "Computer network analysts", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 9626, "empleo_v10": 11361, "empleo_delta_v11": -1735, "salario_medio_eur": 40801, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Network analysts study and optimize communication infrastructure, working primarily with digital traffic models. AI already performs predictive analysis on network load and detects security vulnerabilities in real time more effectively than a human. The role is evolving toward high-level security consulting and the design of technological resilience strategies.", "census_2021_employed": 37212, "epa_2digit_empleo": 327400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1990, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1503, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 487, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1405, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1179, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 226, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1230, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 2, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 5.51, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 3449439, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 15.1742, "rank_in_descending": 58, "cumulative_workers_descending": 3437713, "pct_workforce_descending": 15.1226 }, { "cno": "2729", "nombre": "Database and computer network specialists n.e.c.", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 32169, "empleo_v10": 11361, "empleo_delta_v11": 20808, "salario_medio_eur": 44687, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "These data and network specialists perform digital technical support and optimization tasks that are highly automatable. Autonomous systems can already self-manage the majority of performance and security incidents in modern databases and cloud network architectures. The human oversight component is maintained for budgetary decision-making and high-impact organizational architecture.", "census_2021_employed": 37212, "epa_2digit_empleo": 327400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 6650, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 4737, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1913, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1507, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1201, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 306, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1284, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 2, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 5.51, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2666360, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 11.7294, "rank_in_descending": 25, "cumulative_workers_descending": 2546012, "pct_workforce_descending": 11.2 }, { "cno": "2810", "nombre": "Economists", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 7765, "empleo_v10": 29019, "empleo_delta_v11": -21254, "salario_medio_eur": 42744, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Economists analyze trends, design models, and advise on financial policies, operating in a purely digital information environment. AI surpasses human capacity for analyzing massive macroeconomic variables in real time and predicting market fluctuations with deep learning models. The economist's value lies in the political interpretation of data and in designing theories that account for irrational human behavior.", "census_2021_employed": 24426, "epa_2digit_empleo": 273300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1800, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 859, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 941, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 5763, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2675, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 3088, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 5578, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 1, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 5.81, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 5890481, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 25.9125, "rank_in_descending": 102, "cumulative_workers_descending": 5853402, "pct_workforce_descending": 25.7494 }, { "cno": "2821", "nombre": "Sociologists, geographers, anthropologists, archaeologists and related", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 6655, "empleo_v10": 44951, "empleo_delta_v11": -38296, "salario_medio_eur": 33029, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Sociologists and anthropologists study human behavior and social structures, integrating digital research with physical fieldwork. AI rapidly processes large volumes of surveys and social media data to detect cultural trends and social patterns. Deep ethnographic research, cultural empathy, and qualitative analysis of the human experience remain protected domains for the human professional.", "census_2021_employed": 166650, "epa_2digit_empleo": 273300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2080, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1119, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 961, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 4769, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1712, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 3057, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 4533, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 7, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 4.5, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.23, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 5890481, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 25.9125, "rank_in_descending": 103, "cumulative_workers_descending": 5860057, "pct_workforce_descending": 25.7786 }, { "cno": "2822", "nombre": "Philosophers, historians and political science professionals", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 2217, "empleo_v10": 44950, "empleo_delta_v11": -42733, "salario_medio_eur": 33029, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Philosophers, historians, and political scientists analyze human thought and action in environments of high digital and intellectual abstraction. LLMs can summarize historical texts, generate basic political analyses, and participate in reasoned ethical debates. However, the generation of original thought, deep ethical critique, and the understanding of living historical context require a human consciousness and experience that AI lacks.", "census_2021_employed": 166650, "epa_2digit_empleo": 273300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 693, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 320, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 373, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 4593, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2010, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 2583, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 4492, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 2, "rescore_R": 2.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 5.67, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 5890481, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 25.9125, "rank_in_descending": 110, "cumulative_workers_descending": 5883402, "pct_workforce_descending": 25.8813 }, { "cno": "2823", "nombre": "Psychologists", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 51467, "empleo_v10": 44950, "empleo_delta_v11": 6517, "salario_medio_eur": 36915, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Psychology combines clinical diagnosis with therapeutic intervention, a role based on communication and deep emotional empathy. Although AI-powered therapeutic chatbots assist with mild anxiety issues, the treatment of complex disorders requires a human bond of trust. The ability to interpret non-verbal language and the patient's life context makes this profession highly resistant to automation.", "census_2021_employed": 166650, "epa_2digit_empleo": 273300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 16085, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2531, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 13554, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 13338, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2446, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 10892, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 12913, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 6.5, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 5, "rescore_R": 8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.76, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 5890481, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 25.9125, "rank_in_descending": 97, "cumulative_workers_descending": 5766013, "pct_workforce_descending": 25.3649 }, { "cno": "2824", "nombre": "Social work and social education professionals", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 201985, "empleo_v10": 44950, "empleo_delta_v11": 157035, "salario_medio_eur": 33029, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Social work professionals intervene in situations of human vulnerability, operating in complex physical and family environments. AI can automate the administrative triage of social benefits and case file tracking, but it cannot perform direct crisis intervention. Empathy, moral judgment, and the protection of human rights in extreme situations require the presence and sensitivity of a human social worker.", "census_2021_employed": 166650, "epa_2digit_empleo": 273300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 63127, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 11390, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 51737, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 29043, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 4239, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 24804, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 28809, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4, "rescore_C": 4.5, "rescore_F": 7.5, "rescore_R": 7.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.7, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 5890481, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 25.9125, "rank_in_descending": 92, "cumulative_workers_descending": 5409826, "pct_workforce_descending": 23.7981 }, { "cno": "2825", "nombre": "Equal opportunity officers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 2560, "empleo_v10": 44950, "empleo_delta_v11": -42390, "salario_medio_eur": 33029, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Equality agents design and supervise gender policies in organizations, drawing on legal regulations and social dynamics. AI helps by analyzing wage gaps automatically and detecting biases in corporate texts. The work of raising awareness, mediating harassment cases, and fostering deep cultural change in Spanish society depends entirely on human commitment and social intelligence.", "census_2021_employed": 166650, "epa_2digit_empleo": 273300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 800, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 91, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 709, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1485, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 110, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1375, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1464, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 7.5, "rescore_C": 6.5, "rescore_F": 4, "rescore_R": 5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.92, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 5890481, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 25.9125, "rank_in_descending": 108, "cumulative_workers_descending": 5878783, "pct_workforce_descending": 25.861 }, { "cno": "2830", "nombre": "Clergy of various religions", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 657, "empleo_v10": 2270, "empleo_delta_v11": -1613, "salario_medio_eur": 25258, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "The priesthood and religious leadership are based on spiritual guidance, the performance of physical rites, and emotional support for the community. Although AI can recite sacred texts and offer moral advice based on scriptures, the sacramental function and human consolation during critical moments are intrinsically personal. Faith and spiritual connection are human dimensions that lie outside the domain of AI's algorithmic logic.", "census_2021_employed": 2067, "epa_2digit_empleo": 273300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 112, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 103, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 9, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 64, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 61, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 3, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 42, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 8, "rescore_R": 8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.22, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 5890481, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 25.9125, "rank_in_descending": 114, "cumulative_workers_descending": 5889947, "pct_workforce_descending": 25.9101 }, { "cno": "2911", "nombre": "Archivists and museum curators", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 1972, "empleo_v10": 6982, "empleo_delta_v11": -5010, "salario_medio_eur": 32742, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Archivists and conservators manage cultural heritage, combining digital cataloging with the physical care of historical objects. AI already automates the transcription of ancient documents through advanced OCR and the classification of large digital collections by metadata. The physical restoration of delicate pieces and the ethical decision of what to preserve for posterity require human manual dexterity and cultural judgment.", "census_2021_employed": 12189, "epa_2digit_empleo": 161700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2002, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 557, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1445, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 5210, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1448, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 3762, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 5075, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 7, "rescore_C": 6.2, "rescore_F": 5.5, "rescore_R": 4.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.56, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 193, "cumulative_workers_descending": 8374719, "pct_workforce_descending": 36.8407 }, { "cno": "2912", "nombre": "Librarians, documentalists and related", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 1740, "empleo_v10": 6982, "empleo_delta_v11": -5242, "salario_medio_eur": 32742, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Librarians and documentalists manage access to information in hybrid environments of physical shelves and digital databases. AI dominates information retrieval, summary generation, and personalized reading recommendations autonomously. The role is evolving toward quality information curation against disinformation and maintaining the library as a physical space for social gathering.", "census_2021_employed": 12189, "epa_2digit_empleo": 161700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1767, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 511, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1256, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 5575, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1495, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 4080, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 5599, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 8.2, "rescore_C": 7.5, "rescore_F": 3.8, "rescore_R": 2.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 4.39, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 5890481, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 25.9125, "rank_in_descending": 113, "cumulative_workers_descending": 5889290, "pct_workforce_descending": 25.9072 }, { "cno": "2921", "nombre": "Writers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 1282, "empleo_v10": 23746, "empleo_delta_v11": -22464, "salario_medio_eur": 36835, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Professional writing ranges from literature to technical content, being a purely digital and linguistic activity. Generative AI (LLMs) already writes articles, scripts, and poems with a quality that competes with humans in many standard genres. The human writer maintains value in creating works with a unique artistic voice, a deep vision of the human condition, and radical stylistic innovation.", "census_2021_employed": 56625, "epa_2digit_empleo": 161700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1124, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 535, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 589, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3025, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1389, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1636, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2933, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 9.5, "rescore_C": 7.5, "rescore_F": 0.8, "rescore_R": 0.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 6.59, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 3449439, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 15.1742, "rank_in_descending": 62, "cumulative_workers_descending": 3448335, "pct_workforce_descending": 15.1694 }, { "cno": "2922", "nombre": "Journalists", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 19498, "empleo_v10": 23746, "empleo_delta_v11": -4248, "salario_medio_eur": 36835, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6.5, "eu_ai_act": "Limited risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Journalism involves investigating news, interviewing, and writing reports, operating in a high-speed digital environment. AI already writes brief news stories on sports or finance and analyzes large databases for investigative journalism (computational journalism). Ethical field journalism, obtaining trusted testimonies, and interpreting the local political context still require the human street reporter.", "census_2021_employed": 56625, "epa_2digit_empleo": 161700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 17098, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 8439, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 8659, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 15607, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 5812, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 9795, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 15026, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 9, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 2, "rescore_R": 1.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 6.08, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 3449439, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 15.1742, "rank_in_descending": 52, "cumulative_workers_descending": 3360644, "pct_workforce_descending": 14.7836 }, { "cno": "2923", "nombre": "Philologists, interpreters and translators", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 5085, "empleo_v10": 23745, "empleo_delta_v11": -18660, "salario_medio_eur": 33561, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7.5, "eu_ai_act": "Limited risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Philology and translation are digital professions centered on language, the field of greatest recent AI advancement. Neural machine translation and real-time interpretation are already extremely accurate, eliminating the need for human translation of technical or commercial texts. Literary translation, which requires poetic sensitivity and deep cultural adaptation, is the last bastion for the specialized human professional.", "census_2021_employed": 56625, "epa_2digit_empleo": 161700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 4459, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1392, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 3067, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 22303, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 5467, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 16836, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 22061, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 9.5, "rescore_C": 9, "rescore_F": 0.8, "rescore_R": 0.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 7.93, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2666360, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 11.7294, "rank_in_descending": 33, "cumulative_workers_descending": 2652820, "pct_workforce_descending": 11.6699 }, { "cno": "2931", "nombre": "Visual and fine arts artists", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 3473, "empleo_v10": 17835, "empleo_delta_v11": -14362, "salario_medio_eur": 34789, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Visual and plastic arts combine creative vision with technical execution in physical or digital media. Generative AI for images (stable diffusion) is transforming visual production, enabling the creation of complex works from text prompts. The artist's value lies in the original concept, unique manual execution on physical media, and the ability to convey genuine emotions that connect with the human audience.", "census_2021_employed": 108471, "epa_2digit_empleo": 161700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 13480, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 6912, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 6568, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 12073, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 5207, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 6866, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 12015, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 5.5, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 5.5, "rescore_R": 0.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.42, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 186, "cumulative_workers_descending": 8355427, "pct_workforce_descending": 36.7559 }, { "cno": "2932", "nombre": "Composers, musicians and singers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 37083, "empleo_v10": 17834, "empleo_delta_v11": 19249, "salario_medio_eur": 30696, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Musicians and singers combine creative digital composition with physical instrumental or vocal performance. AI already composes background music, generates synthetic voices indistinguishable from human ones, and autonomously masters recordings. Stage presence, performer charisma in live settings, and the emotional authenticity of the human voice maintain live music as an experience irreplaceable by algorithms.", "census_2021_employed": 108471, "epa_2digit_empleo": 161700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 143920, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 102377, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 41543, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 6109, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 4370, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1739, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 6071, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 5.8, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 6.5, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.22, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 172, "cumulative_workers_descending": 8196677, "pct_workforce_descending": 36.0575 }, { "cno": "2933", "nombre": "Choreographers and dancers", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 7655, "empleo_v10": 17834, "empleo_delta_v11": -10179, "salario_medio_eur": 30696, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Choreographers and dancers express art through extreme physical movement and body coordination in real environments. Although AI can generate movement sequences in digital avatars, dance is a purely physical and sensory discipline. Fatigue, gravity, and the emotional connection of the human body on stage are elements that technology cannot replicate, protecting this occupation from automation.", "census_2021_employed": 108471, "epa_2digit_empleo": 161700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 29708, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 11535, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 18173, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1584, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 520, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1064, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1594, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 2.8, "rescore_C": 3.5, "rescore_F": 9.2, "rescore_R": 0.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.53, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 296, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12595601, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.4086 }, { "cno": "2934", "nombre": "Film and theatre directors and related", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 3275, "empleo_v10": 17834, "empleo_delta_v11": -14559, "salario_medio_eur": 34789, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Film and theater directors coordinate the artistic vision of narrative projects in complex physical and digital environments. AI is already used for scene previsualization, automatic editing, and the generation of hyperrealistic visual effects. Leading creative teams, directing human actors, and making aesthetic decisions based on cultural sensitivity remain exclusive functions of the human director.", "census_2021_employed": 108471, "epa_2digit_empleo": 161700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 12711, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 7012, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 5699, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 8315, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 4360, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 3955, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 7863, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 6.5, "rescore_C": 5.8, "rescore_F": 6.5, "rescore_R": 1.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.34, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 187, "cumulative_workers_descending": 8358702, "pct_workforce_descending": 36.7703 }, { "cno": "2935", "nombre": "Actors", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 46571, "empleo_v10": 17834, "empleo_delta_v11": 28737, "salario_medio_eur": 30696, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Acting is based on the physical embodiment of characters and emotional expression before an audience or camera. AI can create digital doubles (deepfakes) and synthetic voices, but organic interpretation and the chemistry between human actors are the core of drama. The authenticity of the human experience lived by the actor on stage protects this profession from replacement by AI-generated avatars.", "census_2021_employed": 108471, "epa_2digit_empleo": 161700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 180744, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 97876, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 82868, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 5344, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2679, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 2665, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 5676, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 0.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.64, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 262, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11846309, "pct_workforce_descending": 52.1124 }, { "cno": "2936", "nombre": "Radio and television broadcasters and presenters", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 3704, "empleo_v10": 17834, "empleo_delta_v11": -14130, "salario_medio_eur": 40928, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Broadcasters and presenters communicate information and entertain based on their voice and charisma in digital radio and TV environments. AI already generates virtual broadcasters with natural voices and news avatars that can broadcast 24 hours a day without rest. The human professional's value lies in the ability to improvise, use humor, establish personal credibility, and create an immediate empathic connection with the live audience.", "census_2021_employed": 108471, "epa_2digit_empleo": 161700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 14376, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 8504, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 5872, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3511, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1740, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1771, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 3567, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 7.2, "rescore_C": 7.5, "rescore_F": 4.5, "rescore_R": 1.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.94, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 6236350, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 27.434, "rank_in_descending": 128, "cumulative_workers_descending": 6231908, "pct_workforce_descending": 27.4144 }, { "cno": "2937", "nombre": "Bullfighting professionals", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 535, "empleo_v10": 17834, "empleo_delta_v11": -17299, "salario_medio_eur": 28650, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Bullfighting professionals carry out a purely physical and traditional activity in a real, high-risk environment. This occupation is based on manual dexterity, physical courage, and interaction with a live animal in a specific cultural context. No AI or robotics technology exists that can or aims to replicate this activity, which remains protected by its intrinsically physical, unpredictable, and cultural nature.", "census_2021_employed": 108471, "epa_2digit_empleo": 161700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2075, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1974, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 101, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 441, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 412, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 29, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 283, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 0.8, "rescore_C": 1, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.04, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 397, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15826478, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.6213 }, { "cno": "2939", "nombre": "Creative and performing artists n.e.c.", "sector": "Professionals", "empleo": 29830, "empleo_v10": 17834, "empleo_delta_v11": 11996, "salario_medio_eur": 34789, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Diverse creative artists perform aesthetic and entertainment tasks ranging from conceptual design to street performance. Generative AI assists in creating support materials and generating ideas, but the final artistic execution usually requires a human touch. The uniqueness of artistic expression and the emotional response of the audience to the human creator ensure a balance against digital automation.", "census_2021_employed": 108471, "epa_2digit_empleo": 161700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 115772, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 69845, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 45927, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 493, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 302, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 191, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 481, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 4, "rescore_C": 4.8, "rescore_F": 8, "rescore_R": 0.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.11, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 273, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12216778, "pct_workforce_descending": 53.7421 }, { "cno": "3110", "nombre": "Draughtspersons and technical drawers", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 11561, "empleo_v10": 73877, "empleo_delta_v11": -62316, "salario_medio_eur": 29254, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Draughtspersons produce technical representations of engineering and architectural projects in digital environments (CAD). AI already automates the generation of blueprints from 3D models and the verification of technical standards instantly and without human error. The role of the draughtsperson is merging with that of the design technician, as the pure task of technical drawing is disappearing in the face of software automation.", "census_2021_employed": 56301, "epa_2digit_empleo": 385900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 12166, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 7598, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 4568, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 11524, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 6518, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 5006, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 11338, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 9, "rescore_C": 8.5, "rescore_F": 1, "rescore_R": 0.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 7.09, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2752961, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 12.1104, "rank_in_descending": 44, "cumulative_workers_descending": 2733077, "pct_workforce_descending": 12.0229 }, { "cno": "3121", "nombre": "Physical and chemical science technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 6488, "empleo_v10": 22420, "empleo_delta_v11": -15932, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "These technicians perform chemical and physical laboratory tests, combining manual handling with digital data recording. AI assists in the automatic analysis of results and the detection of anomalies in scientific experiments. Although the physical preparation of samples remains a human task, automation through laboratory robotics and intelligent analysis systems is reducing the manual technical workload.", "census_2021_employed": 143904, "epa_2digit_empleo": 385900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2126, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 947, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1179, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2585, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 907, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1678, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2552, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 6.5, "rescore_C": 6.8, "rescore_F": 5.2, "rescore_R": 3.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.7, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 180, "cumulative_workers_descending": 8327480, "pct_workforce_descending": 36.6329 }, { "cno": "3122", "nombre": "Construction technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 36097, "empleo_v10": 22420, "empleo_delta_v11": 13677, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Construction technicians supervise technical aspects of the building site and carry out physical measurements on the ground. AI aids in structural calculations and in site safety management through computer vision that detects physical hazards. The need to be present in the ever-changing environment of the construction site to verify material quality and physical execution maintains the human role.", "census_2021_employed": 143904, "epa_2digit_empleo": 385900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 11829, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 8540, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 3289, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 7867, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 5952, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1915, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 7840, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 5.5, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 7.5, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.46, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 217, "cumulative_workers_descending": 10774985, "pct_workforce_descending": 47.3996 }, { "cno": "3123", "nombre": "Electrical technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 68649, "empleo_v10": 22419, "empleo_delta_v11": 46230, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "These technicians manage electrical systems, combining software-based diagnostics with physical intervention on switchboards and wiring. AI facilitates preventive maintenance and fault detection in electrical networks through consumption pattern analysis. The manual handling of electrical components and the need to act on-site during physical breakdowns limit the full automation of this technical position.", "census_2021_employed": 143904, "epa_2digit_empleo": 385900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 22496, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 20734, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1762, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 15248, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 14413, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 835, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 14477, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 5, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 7.8, "rescore_R": 4.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.31, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 210, "cumulative_workers_descending": 10452508, "pct_workforce_descending": 45.981 }, { "cno": "3124", "nombre": "Electronics technicians (except biomedical)", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 19112, "empleo_v10": 22419, "empleo_delta_v11": -3307, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Electronics technicians repair and maintain electronic equipment, requiring fine manual dexterity and digital diagnostics. AI-powered self-diagnostic systems indicate which component has failed, significantly simplifying the technician's task. Nevertheless, precision soldering and the physical adjustment of delicate components in real devices remain manual skills that require expert human intervention.", "census_2021_employed": 143904, "epa_2digit_empleo": 385900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 6263, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 5618, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 645, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 9369, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 8860, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 509, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 9127, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 5.8, "rescore_C": 5.8, "rescore_F": 7.2, "rescore_R": 3.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.8, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 224, "cumulative_workers_descending": 10959689, "pct_workforce_descending": 48.2121 }, { "cno": "3125", "nombre": "Biomedical electronics technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 3012, "empleo_v10": 22419, "empleo_delta_v11": -19407, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "This specialty requires the maintenance of highly complex medical equipment in physical healthcare settings. AI monitors the condition of medical equipment and schedules reviews autonomously based on actual usage. The legal responsibility for ensuring that vital equipment functions correctly and the need for physical calibration within the hospital ensure that the human technician remains indispensable for patient safety.", "census_2021_employed": 143904, "epa_2digit_empleo": 385900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 987, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 687, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 300, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 136, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 126, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 10, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 138, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 5.8, "rescore_C": 5.8, "rescore_F": 7.2, "rescore_R": 6.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.47, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 242, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11113787, "pct_workforce_descending": 48.89 }, { "cno": "3126", "nombre": "Mechanical technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 33635, "empleo_v10": 22419, "empleo_delta_v11": 11216, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Mechanical technicians maintain industrial machinery and transport systems, operating in a physical workshop or plant environment. Predictive AI analyses vibration and temperature data to anticipate mechanical failures before they occur. The execution of physical repairs, which involves dismantling engines and adjusting heavy parts in diverse environments, remains a non-automatable human manual task at present.", "census_2021_employed": 143904, "epa_2digit_empleo": 385900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 11022, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 10348, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 674, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 8192, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 7885, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 307, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 7699, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 4.8, "rescore_C": 4.8, "rescore_F": 8.2, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.16, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 269, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12096242, "pct_workforce_descending": 53.2119 }, { "cno": "3127", "nombre": "Industrial chemistry laboratory technicians and analysts", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 36460, "empleo_v10": 22419, "empleo_delta_v11": 14041, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Industrial chemical laboratory technicians monitor the quality of production processes through physical and digital analyses. Automated chromatography and spectroscopy systems powered by AI already perform most routine chemical analysis autonomously. The technician supervises the automated systems and handles the physical calibration of instruments, maintaining a critical quality-control role.", "census_2021_employed": 143904, "epa_2digit_empleo": 385900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 11948, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 4719, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 7229, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 9881, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 3738, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 6143, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 9528, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 5.8, "rescore_C": 6.5, "rescore_F": 7, "rescore_R": 5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.81, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 216, "cumulative_workers_descending": 10738888, "pct_workforce_descending": 47.2408 }, { "cno": "3128", "nombre": "Metallurgy and mining technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 27809, "empleo_v10": 22419, "empleo_delta_v11": 5390, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "These technicians supervise metallurgical and mining processes, balancing control from digital command rooms with physical plant inspections. AI optimises smelting parameters and extraction efficiency through deep learning models. The supervision of safety in hazardous industrial environments and the resolution of physical incidents with heavy machinery require human technical presence.", "census_2021_employed": 143904, "epa_2digit_empleo": 385900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 9113, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 7330, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1783, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3243, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 3041, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 202, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2999, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 4.2, "rescore_C": 4.2, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.79, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 275, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12273421, "pct_workforce_descending": 53.9913 }, { "cno": "3129", "nombre": "Other physical, chemical, environmental and engineering science technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 34694, "empleo_v10": 22419, "empleo_delta_v11": 12275, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "This group encompasses technicians providing support across various engineering and environmental science disciplines, operating in hybrid settings. AI processes sensor data and generates automated regulatory compliance reports. The need to collect physical samples in the natural environment and to verify industrial installations on-site protects the continuity of human technical work against pure digitalisation.", "census_2021_employed": 143904, "epa_2digit_empleo": 385900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 11369, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 6695, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 4674, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 23388, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 10542, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 12846, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 22615, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 5.5, "rescore_C": 5.5, "rescore_F": 6.5, "rescore_R": 3.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.67, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 218, "cumulative_workers_descending": 10809679, "pct_workforce_descending": 47.5522 }, { "cno": "3131", "nombre": "Energy production plant technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 8969, "empleo_v10": 13583, "empleo_delta_v11": -4614, "salario_medio_eur": 36567, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Energy production technicians control power plants from complex digital supervisory systems. AI already optimises the energy mix and predicts demand to adjust production autonomously in today's smart grids. Although control is digital, the responsibility over critical national infrastructure and the need for physical intervention in the event of systemic failure keep the human operator in place.", "census_2021_employed": 61659, "epa_2digit_empleo": 385900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 3673, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 3200, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 473, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2966, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2466, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 500, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2804, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 6.8, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 6.5, "rescore_R": 6.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.81, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 231, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11054682, "pct_workforce_descending": 48.63 }, { "cno": "3132", "nombre": "Waste treatment, water treatment and similar plant technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 13296, "empleo_v10": 13583, "empleo_delta_v11": -287, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "These technicians operate water and waste treatment plants, managing physical processes through digital interfaces. AI optimises chemical treatment cycles and waste filtration based on real-time input composition. The physical supervision of the plant, the maintenance of pumps, and the management of emergencies caused by accidental spills require a constant human operational presence.", "census_2021_employed": 61659, "epa_2digit_empleo": 385900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 5445, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 4665, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 780, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 5095, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 3566, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1529, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 5074, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 5.8, "rescore_C": 5.2, "rescore_F": 7.5, "rescore_R": 5.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.39, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 228, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11022359, "pct_workforce_descending": 48.4878 }, { "cno": "3133", "nombre": "Chemical processing plant control technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 1267, "empleo_v10": 13583, "empleo_delta_v11": -12316, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Chemical plant technicians supervise large-scale product manufacturing through digital process control systems. AI algorithms adjust pressure, temperature, and flow variables to maximise safety and chemical yield autonomously. The technician physically intervenes in the loading of reagents and in safety supervision against the risks of explosion or leakage in the industrial environment.", "census_2021_employed": 61659, "epa_2digit_empleo": 385900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 519, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 361, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 158, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 195, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 67, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 128, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 175, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 6.8, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 6.5, "rescore_R": 6, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.93, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 246, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11121317, "pct_workforce_descending": 48.9231 }, { "cno": "3134", "nombre": "Petroleum and natural gas refinery technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 842, "empleo_v10": 13583, "empleo_delta_v11": -12741, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Refinery control is a high-responsibility digital task that manages the physical processes of volatile hydrocarbons. AI assists in optimising refining operations and in the early detection of leaks through intelligent sensors and massive data analytics. Given the hazardousness of the environment and the complexity of the physical installations, the human technician remains the ultimate guarantor of the plant's safety and operability.", "census_2021_employed": 61659, "epa_2digit_empleo": 385900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 345, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 267, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 78, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 253, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 222, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 31, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 244, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 7, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 6.5, "rescore_R": 7.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.77, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 249, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11124139, "pct_workforce_descending": 48.9356 }, { "cno": "3135", "nombre": "Metal production process control technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 7973, "empleo_v10": 13582, "empleo_delta_v11": -5609, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "These technicians control metal production through furnaces and digitally monitored industrial rolling systems. AI optimises furnace energy consumption and alloy quality control in real time. The harshness of the physical industrial environment (heat, noise) and the need to mechanically supervise metal casting protect the position from total AI automation.", "census_2021_employed": 61659, "epa_2digit_empleo": 385900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 3265, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2232, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1033, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 169, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 143, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 26, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 139, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 6.2, "rescore_C": 5.5, "rescore_F": 7.2, "rescore_R": 5.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.6, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 232, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11062655, "pct_workforce_descending": 48.6651 }, { "cno": "3139", "nombre": "Process control technicians n.e.c.", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 43623, "empleo_v10": 13582, "empleo_delta_v11": 30041, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "This group covers process control technicians across diverse industries (textiles, wood, paper), operating with automated machinery. AI and computer vision systems control final product quality and detect manufacturing defects far faster than the human eye. The technician's role shifts towards machine programming and the resolution of physical jams or mechanical problems on the production line.", "census_2021_employed": 61659, "epa_2digit_empleo": 385900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 17865, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 10380, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 7485, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 20586, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 11113, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 9473, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 19755, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 6.2, "rescore_C": 5.8, "rescore_F": 6.8, "rescore_R": 4.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.84, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 214, "cumulative_workers_descending": 10663203, "pct_workforce_descending": 46.9079 }, { "cno": "3141", "nombre": "Biological science technicians (except health)", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 1087, "empleo_v10": 2789, "empleo_delta_v11": -1702, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Bioscience technicians perform laboratory tasks supporting botanical, zoological, or ecological research in hybrid settings. AI facilitates automatic taxonomic classification of species and the processing of genomic data on the computer. The collection of physical samples in nature and the maintenance of biological cultures or laboratory animals require direct human manual dexterity and observation.", "census_2021_employed": 7314, "epa_2digit_empleo": 385900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 879, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 337, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 542, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1886, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 664, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1222, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1587, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 6, "rescore_C": 6.2, "rescore_F": 6.2, "rescore_R": 4, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.05, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 195, "cumulative_workers_descending": 8377748, "pct_workforce_descending": 36.8541 }, { "cno": "3142", "nombre": "Agricultural and livestock technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 2216, "empleo_v10": 2789, "empleo_delta_v11": -573, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Agricultural technicians advise on farm management and monitor animal and plant health in the physical terrain. AI processes data from field sensors and drones to indicate irrigation needs or pest presence with high precision. The technician must physically verify these alerts and lead the application of treatments in the real farm environment, which sustains the value of the position.", "census_2021_employed": 7314, "epa_2digit_empleo": 385900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1791, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1119, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 672, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3185, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1577, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1608, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2965, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 4.5, "rescore_C": 4.8, "rescore_F": 8.2, "rescore_R": 3.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.06, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 314, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12679763, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.7788 }, { "cno": "3143", "nombre": "Forestry and natural environment technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 1203, "empleo_v10": 2789, "empleo_delta_v11": -1586, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "These technicians manage forest resources and natural areas, combining the use of digital GIS with physical fieldwork. AI analyses satellite imagery to detect fires or illegal logging and monitors biodiversity through automated acoustics. Forest wardening, on-site fire management, and the supervision of physical silvicultural works in the woodland are distinctly human tasks.", "census_2021_employed": 7314, "epa_2digit_empleo": 385900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 972, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 664, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 308, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1477, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1032, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 445, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1205, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 4.2, "rescore_C": 4.8, "rescore_F": 8.8, "rescore_R": 3.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.93, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 322, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12692714, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.8358 }, { "cno": "3151", "nombre": "Engine room officers and chiefs", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 15675, "empleo_v10": 5586, "empleo_delta_v11": 10089, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Ship engineers are responsible for the mechanical operation of vessels, an extreme physical task in an isolated environment. AI monitors engine performance and predicts mechanical breakdowns, optimising fuel consumption during the voyage. Nevertheless, emergency repairs at sea and the physical maintenance of complex systems in the engine room require human ingenuity and physical strength.", "census_2021_employed": 22863, "epa_2digit_empleo": 385900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 11955, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 9927, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 2028, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 959, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 928, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 31, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 875, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 5.8, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 8.2, "rescore_R": 8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.02, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 286, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12489323, "pct_workforce_descending": 54.9411 }, { "cno": "3152", "nombre": "Ship captains and deck officers", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 3954, "empleo_v10": 5585, "empleo_delta_v11": -1631, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Ship captains and deck officers navigate vessels in variable physical environments using purely digital navigation systems. AI already enables autonomous navigation on the open sea and optimises maritime routes according to sea conditions and traffic. Docking at port, crew management, and legal responsibility in the event of maritime emergencies or collisions keep human command as an essential requirement.", "census_2021_employed": 22863, "epa_2digit_empleo": 385900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 3016, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2719, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 297, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 740, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 628, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 112, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 614, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 6.8, "rescore_C": 5.8, "rescore_F": 6.8, "rescore_R": 8.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.45, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 239, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11103980, "pct_workforce_descending": 48.8469 }, { "cno": "3153", "nombre": "Aviation pilots and related professionals", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 3038, "empleo_v10": 5585, "empleo_delta_v11": -2547, "salario_medio_eur": 53189, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Aviation pilots operate aircraft through highly advanced digital fly-by-wire systems and autopilots. AI already manages cruise navigation and optimises fuel consumption, and could theoretically land autonomously under standard conditions. The management of critical system failures, judgement in extreme and unpredictable weather, and passenger confidence ensure the human presence in the cockpit.", "census_2021_employed": 22863, "epa_2digit_empleo": 385900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2317, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2128, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 189, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 814, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 725, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 89, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 716, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 8, "rescore_C": 6.8, "rescore_F": 4.2, "rescore_R": 9.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.23, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 190, "cumulative_workers_descending": 8368071, "pct_workforce_descending": 36.8115 }, { "cno": "3154", "nombre": "Air traffic controllers", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 300, "empleo_v10": 5585, "empleo_delta_v11": -5285, "salario_medio_eur": 56513, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Air traffic controllers manage the flow of aircraft in digital radar environments with a very high cognitive and responsibility load. AI systems can already calculate optimal collision-free trajectories and automate much of the routine communications with pilots. Given the risk of massive loss of life, the human controller acts as a critical supervisor of air traffic algorithms, intervening in anomalous situations.", "census_2021_employed": 22863, "epa_2digit_empleo": 385900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 229, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 160, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 69, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 42, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 30, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 12, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 42, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 8, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 2, "rescore_R": 9.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.65, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 199, "cumulative_workers_descending": 8379942, "pct_workforce_descending": 36.8637 }, { "cno": "3155", "nombre": "Aeronautical safety technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 507, "empleo_v10": 5585, "empleo_delta_v11": -5078, "salario_medio_eur": 43216, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Aeronautical safety technicians inspect aircraft and airports to ensure compliance with physical and digital regulations. AI assists by analysing flight data (black boxes) and detecting risk patterns in maintenance records automatically. The physical inspection of the aircraft structure and the on-site safety certification after a repair require the judgement and accountability of a human technician.", "census_2021_employed": 22863, "epa_2digit_empleo": 385900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 387, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 266, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 121, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 75, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 54, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 21, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 76, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 7.5, "rescore_C": 6.5, "rescore_F": 4.5, "rescore_R": 9.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.03, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 198, "cumulative_workers_descending": 8379642, "pct_workforce_descending": 36.8624 }, { "cno": "3160", "nombre": "Quality control technicians in physical, chemical and engineering sciences", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 4432, "empleo_v10": 26255, "empleo_delta_v11": -21823, "salario_medio_eur": 33243, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "These technicians perform quality controls in industrial processes based on technical standards and digital measurements. AI-powered computer vision and precision sensors carry out constant quality inspections on production lines, surpassing human defect detection. The technician is responsible for auditing AI systems, calibrating physical sensors, and managing product returns or systemic quality failures.", "census_2021_employed": 21585, "epa_2digit_empleo": 385900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 12120, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 6607, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 5513, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 14759, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 6166, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 8593, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 14030, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 6.8, "rescore_C": 6.8, "rescore_F": 5.5, "rescore_R": 5.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.46, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 185, "cumulative_workers_descending": 8351954, "pct_workforce_descending": 36.7406 }, { "cno": "3201", "nombre": "Mining engineering supervisors", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 1009, "empleo_v10": 12874, "empleo_delta_v11": -11865, "salario_medio_eur": 29919, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Mining supervisors lead teams and operations at the physical mine face, ensuring safety and production. AI provides real-time terrain maps and monitors the presence of hazardous gases through intelligent sensors. The ability to lead workers in hostile environments, make rapid physical decisions in the event of collapses, and empirical knowledge of the terrain protect this on-site role.", "census_2021_employed": 76623, "epa_2digit_empleo": 138900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 150, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 135, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 15, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 202, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 168, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 34, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 180, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3.5, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 7, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.63, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 324, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12694751, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.8447 }, { "cno": "3202", "nombre": "Construction supervisors", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 77762, "empleo_v10": 12874, "empleo_delta_v11": 64888, "salario_medio_eur": 29919, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "These supervisors coordinate the daily work of trades on the construction site, an intensely physical and relational task. AI helps with schedule tracking and materials logistics management, but cannot resolve interpersonal conflicts or physical technical failures on-site. Direct monitoring of occupational safety on scaffolding and the quality of manual execution require constant human supervision.", "census_2021_employed": 76623, "epa_2digit_empleo": 138900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 11559, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 10631, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 928, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 11766, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 10359, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1407, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 11628, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3.5, "rescore_C": 4.5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 6.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.58, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 254, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11377482, "pct_workforce_descending": 50.05 }, { "cno": "3203", "nombre": "Food and tobacco industry supervisors", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 15702, "empleo_v10": 12874, "empleo_delta_v11": 2828, "salario_medio_eur": 29919, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Food industry supervisors control production lines and hygiene compliance in physical factory environments. AI-powered computer vision detects impurities or packaging defects with great precision on conveyor belts. The human supervisor is key to managing cleaning staff, resolving rapid physical mechanical breakdowns, and ensuring compliance with the strict EU food safety regulations.", "census_2021_employed": 76623, "epa_2digit_empleo": 138900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2334, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1326, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1008, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1323, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 858, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 465, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1278, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4.5, "rescore_C": 5.5, "rescore_F": 8, "rescore_R": 6, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.04, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 285, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12473648, "pct_workforce_descending": 54.8721 }, { "cno": "3204", "nombre": "Chemical and pharmaceutical industry supervisors", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 7124, "empleo_v10": 12873, "empleo_delta_v11": -5749, "salario_medio_eur": 29919, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Supervision in the pharmaceutical industry involves rigorous control of chemical processes and packaging in sterile physical environments. AI monitors compound purity and end-product traceability digitally and exhaustively. Human accountability is critical for validating the physical cleaning processes of the plant and ensuring that manual production complies with Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) standards.", "census_2021_employed": 76623, "epa_2digit_empleo": 138900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1059, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 588, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 471, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 294, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 196, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 98, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 273, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 5.5, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 8, "rescore_R": 8.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.14, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 298, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12610007, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.4719 }, { "cno": "3205", "nombre": "Plastics, rubber and natural resin processing industry supervisors", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 2543, "empleo_v10": 12873, "empleo_delta_v11": -10330, "salario_medio_eur": 29919, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "These supervisors manage the manufacture of plastic and rubber products, operating physical injection and extrusion machinery. AI optimises machine parameters to reduce material waste and improve part quality autonomously. The human supervisor handles the physical mould changeovers, the management of mechanical breakdowns, and the leadership of operator teams on the processing plant floor.", "census_2021_employed": 76623, "epa_2digit_empleo": 138900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 378, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 323, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 55, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 135, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 118, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 17, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 139, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4.5, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 8.5, "rescore_R": 5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.97, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 313, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12677547, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.7691 }, { "cno": "3206", "nombre": "Wood and paper industry supervisors", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 1709, "empleo_v10": 12873, "empleo_delta_v11": -11164, "salario_medio_eur": 29919, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Wood industry supervisors oversee sawmilling and paper manufacturing in large-scale industrial settings. AI optimises log cutting to maximise timber yield and monitors paper pulp quality through chemical sensors. The supervision of dangerous heavy machinery and the physical management of large volumes of raw material require an experienced human presence.", "census_2021_employed": 76623, "epa_2digit_empleo": 138900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 254, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 227, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 27, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 182, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 168, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 14, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 186, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.82, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 317, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12685741, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.8051 }, { "cno": "3207", "nombre": "Printing and paper product manufacturing supervisors", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 4218, "empleo_v10": 12873, "empleo_delta_v11": -8655, "salario_medio_eur": 29919, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Their work in graphic arts involves supervising printing and paper-handling machines in a physical technical environment. AI controls colour and print quality in real time, making automatic digital adjustments to prevent errors. The human supervisor is needed for the physical setup of the machines, ink control, and the supervision of the final binding and manual finishing process.", "census_2021_employed": 76623, "epa_2digit_empleo": 138900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 627, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 431, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 196, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 379, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 275, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 104, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 383, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 5.5, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 7.5, "rescore_R": 4, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.65, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 307, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12658735, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.6863 }, { "cno": "3209", "nombre": "Other manufacturing industry supervisors", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 28834, "empleo_v10": 12873, "empleo_delta_v11": 15961, "salario_medio_eur": 29919, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "This group encompasses supervisors across various manufacturing sectors who coordinate workers and machines in real industrial environments. AI facilitates inventory control and shift scheduling, improving the plant's operational efficiency. The ability to adapt to physical changes on the production line and the direct management of labour relations on the shop floor sustain the value of the human supervisor against automation.", "census_2021_employed": 76623, "epa_2digit_empleo": 138900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 4286, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 3325, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 961, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2137, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1242, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 895, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2152, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 8.5, "rescore_R": 5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.86, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 274, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12245612, "pct_workforce_descending": 53.869 }, { "cno": "3311", "nombre": "Radiotherapy technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 3089, "empleo_v10": 7333, "empleo_delta_v11": -4244, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Radiotherapy technicians operate complex equipment to treat cancer patients, a highly precise technical task in a clinical setting. AI already plans radiation doses and trajectories optimally to maximise tumour damage and protect healthy tissue. The technician is vital for the exact physical positioning of the patient, procedural safety, and emotional support during a stressful medical treatment.", "census_2021_employed": 40203, "epa_2digit_empleo": 202300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1373, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 330, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1043, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 475, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 106, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 369, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 426, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 6.2, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 8.2, "rescore_R": 8.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.5, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 189, "cumulative_workers_descending": 8365033, "pct_workforce_descending": 36.7981 }, { "cno": "3312", "nombre": "Diagnostic imaging technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 23013, "empleo_v10": 7333, "empleo_delta_v11": 15680, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "These technicians operate X-ray, CT, and MRI equipment to obtain diagnostic images in a physical hospital environment. AI-powered computer vision already performs pre-diagnoses with remarkable accuracy and improves image quality by reducing digital noise. The technician remains necessary to physically prepare the patient, operate the equipment safely, and ensure the technical quality of the image acquisition.", "census_2021_employed": 40203, "epa_2digit_empleo": 202300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 10228, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 3394, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 6834, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3933, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 954, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 2979, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 3771, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 7.2, "rescore_C": 8.2, "rescore_F": 7.2, "rescore_R": 6.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.49, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 7065735, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 31.0825, "rank_in_descending": 146, "cumulative_workers_descending": 6968879, "pct_workforce_descending": 30.6564 }, { "cno": "3313", "nombre": "Pathological anatomy and cytology technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 2853, "empleo_v10": 7333, "empleo_delta_v11": -4480, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Their work consists of processing tissue and cell samples for medical analysis, combining manual technique with digital observation. AI already classifies cancerous cells on digital slides faster and with less fatigue than a human. The physical preparation of samples through biopsies and complex staining in the clinical laboratory is the manual component that partially protects the technician's occupation.", "census_2021_employed": 40203, "epa_2digit_empleo": 202300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1268, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 306, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 962, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1618, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 254, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1364, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1531, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 6.2, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 7, "rescore_R": 7, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.12, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 7065735, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 31.0825, "rank_in_descending": 158, "cumulative_workers_descending": 7059191, "pct_workforce_descending": 31.0537 }, { "cno": "3314", "nombre": "Clinical diagnostic laboratory technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 25929, "empleo_v10": 7333, "empleo_delta_v11": 18596, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Clinical laboratory technicians perform blood and other fluid analyses, operating automated diagnostic machines. AI manages sample flow and detects anomalies in analytical results based on previous clinical patterns instantly. Although much of the analysis is automated, physical sample collection (blood draws) and the technical validation of critical results maintain the need for the human professional.", "census_2021_employed": 40203, "epa_2digit_empleo": 202300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 11524, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2628, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 8896, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 12676, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2435, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 10241, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 12755, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 5.5, "rescore_C": 7.5, "rescore_F": 7.5, "rescore_R": 6.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.79, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 174, "cumulative_workers_descending": 8255266, "pct_workforce_descending": 36.3153 }, { "cno": "3315", "nombre": "Orthoprosthetic technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 742, "empleo_v10": 7333, "empleo_delta_v11": -6591, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Orthopaedic technicians design and fit physical prostheses for patients with disabilities, an intensely manual and technical task. AI assists with personalised 3D design and biomechanical patient modelling to optimise prosthetic functionality. The manual physical fitting on the patient's body, rehabilitation support, and psychological encouragement for prosthesis use are irreplaceable human tasks.", "census_2021_employed": 40203, "epa_2digit_empleo": 202300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 330, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 131, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 199, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 180, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 75, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 105, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 183, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3.5, "rescore_C": 5.2, "rescore_F": 8.8, "rescore_R": 6.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.69, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 250, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11124881, "pct_workforce_descending": 48.9388 }, { "cno": "3316", "nombre": "Dental prosthesis technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 5024, "empleo_v10": 7333, "empleo_delta_v11": -2309, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Dental prosthetic technicians manufacture custom dental pieces using precision manual techniques and CAD/CAM design software. AI and 3D printing already automate most of the design and fabrication of crowns and bridges with high fidelity. The technician's value lies in the final manual aesthetic finishing, colour customisation, and fine adjustment that requires experienced human artistic and technical judgement.", "census_2021_employed": 40203, "epa_2digit_empleo": 202300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2233, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 872, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1361, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2502, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 946, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1556, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2459, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 5, "rescore_C": 6.5, "rescore_F": 7.8, "rescore_R": 5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.49, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 182, "cumulative_workers_descending": 8337903, "pct_workforce_descending": 36.6788 }, { "cno": "3317", "nombre": "Hearing aid technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 2068, "empleo_v10": 7333, "empleo_delta_v11": -5265, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "These technicians assess hearing and fit hearing aids, combining digital technical tests with physical patient care. AI automatically optimises hearing aid configuration according to the user's sound environment and analyses audiograms expertly. The component of human accompaniment, the physical insertion of the device, and patient education on the use of hearing technology preserve the human role.", "census_2021_employed": 40203, "epa_2digit_empleo": 202300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 919, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 202, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 717, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 363, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 96, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 267, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 377, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 5, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 7.8, "rescore_R": 6, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.29, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 244, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11118485, "pct_workforce_descending": 48.9107 }, { "cno": "3321", "nombre": "Senior dental hygiene technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 34940, "empleo_v10": 13050, "empleo_delta_v11": 21890, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Dental hygienists perform cleanings and preventive treatments directly in the patient's mouth, a purely manual task. AI can help with the early detection of cavities through the analysis of digital dental images. Nevertheless, the physical dexterity needed to handle tools in the oral cavity and in-person patient health education make this profession highly resistant to automation.", "census_2021_employed": 77598, "epa_2digit_empleo": 202300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 11327, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1016, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 10311, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 4538, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 341, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 4197, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 4448, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 4.5, "rescore_F": 9.5, "rescore_R": 6.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.32, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 266, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11994477, "pct_workforce_descending": 52.7642 }, { "cno": "3322", "nombre": "Senior health documentation technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 1104, "empleo_v10": 13050, "empleo_delta_v11": -11946, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Their work consists of managing the information and clinical coding of patients, a predominantly digital and administrative task. AI, through natural language processing (NLP), already automates diagnosis coding and the summarisation of medical records with great effectiveness. As a text data management task, the automation potential is very high, leaving the technician to supervise complex cases.", "census_2021_employed": 77598, "epa_2digit_empleo": 202300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 358, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 76, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 282, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 942, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 169, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 773, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 957, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9.8, "rescore_C": 9, "rescore_F": 1, "rescore_R": 6, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 5.79, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 3449439, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 15.1742, "rank_in_descending": 63, "cumulative_workers_descending": 3449439, "pct_workforce_descending": 15.1742 }, { "cno": "3323", "nombre": "Senior dietetics technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 1055, "empleo_v10": 13050, "empleo_delta_v11": -11995, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Dietetic technicians design menus and supervise nutrition in healthcare or school settings, drawing on digital nutritional data. AI already generates personalised meal plans that meet specific medical and caloric requirements instantly. The technician maintains relevance in the physical supervision of diet preparation and in direct nutritional counselling to patients in the clinical setting.", "census_2021_employed": 77598, "epa_2digit_empleo": 202300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 342, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 105, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 237, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2231, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 358, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1873, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2178, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 6.8, "rescore_C": 7.5, "rescore_F": 5, "rescore_R": 4.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.91, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 6236350, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 27.434, "rank_in_descending": 131, "cumulative_workers_descending": 6236350, "pct_workforce_descending": 27.434 }, { "cno": "3324", "nombre": "Optometry technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 950, "empleo_v10": 13050, "empleo_delta_v11": -12100, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "These technicians assist in visual examinations and the assembly of optical solutions, integrating digital technology and customer service. AI automates visual acuity tests and suggests the best lens options based on examination data autonomously. The physical fitting of frames and personal interaction with the client to ensure their visual comfort are the tasks that protect the human technical role.", "census_2021_employed": 77598, "epa_2digit_empleo": 202300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 308, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 82, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 226, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 737, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 154, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 583, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 699, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4.8, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 8, "rescore_R": 6, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.21, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 248, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11123297, "pct_workforce_descending": 48.9318 }, { "cno": "3325", "nombre": "Physiotherapy assistants", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 6916, "empleo_v10": 13050, "empleo_delta_v11": -6134, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Physiotherapy assistants support the application of physical treatments and rehabilitation exercises under supervision. AI can guide patients through simple exercises via computer vision systems, but it cannot apply massages or manual techniques. Physical assistance with the mobility of patients who have difficulties and motivational support during therapy require a constant human physical presence and strength.", "census_2021_employed": 77598, "epa_2digit_empleo": 202300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2242, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 629, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1613, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 6084, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1715, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 4369, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 6183, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2.2, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.4, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 299, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12616923, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.5024 }, { "cno": "3326", "nombre": "Occupational risk prevention and environmental health technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 42776, "empleo_v10": 13050, "empleo_delta_v11": 29726, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "These technicians supervise occupational safety and environmental quality through physical inspections and digital data monitoring. AI analyses accident records and pollution data to propose preventive measures automatically. The inspectorial nature of the work, which requires visiting construction sites and industrial plants to physically verify compliance with EU regulations, ensures human continuity.", "census_2021_employed": 77598, "epa_2digit_empleo": 202300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 13867, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 8318, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 5549, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 8611, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 3865, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 4746, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 8465, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 7, "rescore_C": 7.2, "rescore_F": 6, "rescore_R": 6.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.4, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 7065735, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 31.0825, "rank_in_descending": 139, "cumulative_workers_descending": 6742631, "pct_workforce_descending": 29.6611 }, { "cno": "3327", "nombre": "Veterinary assistants", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 11383, "empleo_v10": 13049, "empleo_delta_v11": -1666, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Veterinary assistants support the physical care and diagnostic testing of animals in clinics or on farms. AI facilitates laboratory sample analysis and monitors animal health through intelligent wearable devices. The physical handling of animals for examinations, facility hygiene, and support during surgical procedures require manual dexterity and a human physical presence.", "census_2021_employed": 77598, "epa_2digit_empleo": 202300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 3690, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 604, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 3086, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 6102, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 960, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 5142, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 5948, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2.8, "rescore_C": 4.5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 4.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.53, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 290, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12541615, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.1711 }, { "cno": "3329", "nombre": "Health technicians n.e.c.", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 39225, "empleo_v10": 13049, "empleo_delta_v11": 26176, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "This diverse group of health technicians performs clinical support and diagnostic tasks in hybrid hospital environments. AI automates medical data processing and improves the precision of digital diagnostic equipment on a generalised basis. Direct interaction with patients and the execution of manual clinical protocols in the real hospital setting preserve the need for these technical support professionals.", "census_2021_employed": 77598, "epa_2digit_empleo": 202300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 12716, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2863, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 9853, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2267, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 521, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1746, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2261, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4.5, "rescore_C": 5.8, "rescore_F": 7.2, "rescore_R": 5.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.21, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 215, "cumulative_workers_descending": 10702428, "pct_workforce_descending": 47.0804 }, { "cno": "3331", "nombre": "Acupuncture, naturopathy, homeopathy, traditional Chinese medicine and Ayurveda practitioners", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 205, "empleo_v10": 1539, "empleo_delta_v11": -1334, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "These professionals apply therapies based on physical stimulation and the patient's energy balance, requiring deep manual contact. Although AI can recommend treatments based on symptoms, the therapeutic practice depends entirely on the therapist's tactile sensitivity and intuitive judgement. The strong component of belief and the personal therapist-patient relationship in traditional medicine protect this sector from automation.", "census_2021_employed": 2766, "epa_2digit_empleo": 202300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 292, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 91, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 201, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2145, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 445, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1700, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2180, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1.5, "rescore_C": 2.5, "rescore_F": 9.2, "rescore_R": 2.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.17, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 328, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12697244, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.8557 }, { "cno": "3339", "nombre": "Other alternative therapy professionals", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 1028, "empleo_v10": 1539, "empleo_delta_v11": -511, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "This group includes various alternative therapists who use manual and emotional accompaniment techniques in a physical and relational setting. AI cannot replicate the warmth of human care or the adaptive physical manipulation required for these non-conventional therapies. Demand for these professions is based precisely on the client's desire to receive personalised human attention outside of technologised environments.", "census_2021_employed": 2766, "epa_2digit_empleo": 202300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1462, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 255, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1207, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1904, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 356, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1548, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1955, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1.8, "rescore_C": 2.8, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 2.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.23, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 323, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12693742, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.8403 }, { "cno": "3401", "nombre": "Financial and stock exchange support professionals and intermediaries", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 17564, "empleo_v10": 5543, "empleo_delta_v11": 12021, "salario_medio_eur": 46540, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Their work consists of intermediating in financial and currency markets, a purely digital activity based on information flows. Algorithmic AI and high-frequency trading already execute buy-sell orders autonomously in milliseconds, surpassing any human capability. The professional is evolving towards a relationship management and risk supervision role, as pure technical intermediation is massively automated.", "census_2021_employed": 22701, "epa_2digit_empleo": 89300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 735, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 391, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 344, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3564, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1754, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1810, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 3613, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 9.2, "rescore_C": 8.8, "rescore_F": 0.8, "rescore_R": 5.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 5.64, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 4669215, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 20.5401, "rank_in_descending": 78, "cumulative_workers_descending": 4584891, "pct_workforce_descending": 20.1691 }, { "cno": "3402", "nombre": "Loan and credit agents", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 19523, "empleo_v10": 5543, "empleo_delta_v11": 13980, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4.5, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Loan officers assess creditworthiness and sell credit products, operating in a digital risk analysis environment. AI already performs credit scoring automatically and personalises banking offers based on the client's digital history with high precision. The human factor remains in the management of complex real estate transactions (mortgages) and in negotiations with corporate clients that require direct personal engagement.", "census_2021_employed": 22701, "epa_2digit_empleo": 89300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 817, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 400, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 417, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2554, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 923, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1631, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2515, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8.5, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 2.5, "rescore_R": 7, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.87, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 7065735, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 31.0825, "rank_in_descending": 147, "cumulative_workers_descending": 6988402, "pct_workforce_descending": 30.7423 }, { "cno": "3403", "nombre": "Bookkeepers", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 7025, "empleo_v10": 5543, "empleo_delta_v11": 1482, "salario_medio_eur": 29254, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Bookkeepers record the daily financial transactions of businesses, a digital task of data entry and classification. AI, through automatic invoice processing and direct bank integration, already automates nearly all basic bookkeeping without human intervention. This profession is undergoing a transformation towards management control, due to the extreme vulnerability of manual data recording.", "census_2021_employed": 22701, "epa_2digit_empleo": 89300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 294, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 116, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 178, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 9240, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 3081, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 6159, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 8960, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 9.5, "rescore_C": 9, "rescore_F": 0.5, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 7.5, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2752961, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 12.1104, "rank_in_descending": 46, "cumulative_workers_descending": 2750034, "pct_workforce_descending": 12.0975 }, { "cno": "3404", "nombre": "Statistical, mathematical and related support professionals", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 38401, "empleo_v10": 5542, "empleo_delta_v11": 32859, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Their work is to support statistical and mathematical analysis through the use of specialised software and digital data processing. AI and auto-ML tools already perform data cleaning, complex statistical calculations, and visualisations autonomously from massive files. The human supervision component is limited to data quality verification and the contextual interpretation of the statistical results obtained.", "census_2021_employed": 22701, "epa_2digit_empleo": 89300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1607, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 808, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 799, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 774, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 312, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 462, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 707, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 9.2, "rescore_C": 8.8, "rescore_F": 0.5, "rescore_R": 1.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 7.3, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2752961, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 12.1104, "rank_in_descending": 42, "cumulative_workers_descending": 2704761, "pct_workforce_descending": 11.8984 }, { "cno": "3405", "nombre": "Appraisers and valuers", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 6787, "empleo_v10": 5542, "empleo_delta_v11": 1245, "salario_medio_eur": 33243, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Valuers determine the worth of assets based on physical inspections and comparative market data analysis. AI uses automated valuation models (AVM) to estimate the price of properties and vehicles with great precision based on digital big data. Physical inspection to detect hidden defects, the actual state of conservation, and the legal certification of value in the Spanish market still require a human expert on-site.", "census_2021_employed": 22701, "epa_2digit_empleo": 89300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 284, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 235, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 49, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 836, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 500, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 336, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 872, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 6.5, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 5.2, "rescore_R": 5.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.41, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 179, "cumulative_workers_descending": 8320992, "pct_workforce_descending": 36.6044 }, { "cno": "3510", "nombre": "Commercial agents and representatives", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 224999, "empleo_v10": 537177, "empleo_delta_v11": -312178, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Commercial agents act as intermediaries in B2B sales, requiring strong social intelligence and information management in digital environments. AI assists in identifying potential clients and personalises sales proposals based on market behaviour data. However, the agent's success depends on direct negotiation, personal trust, and a physical network of contacts, elements that AI cannot build autonomously.", "census_2021_employed": 367713, "epa_2digit_empleo": 677200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 82773, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 48890, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 33883, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 87968, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 54849, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 33119, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 88760, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 6, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 6, "rescore_R": 1.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.33, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2666360, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 11.7294, "rank_in_descending": 13, "cumulative_workers_descending": 1329131, "pct_workforce_descending": 5.8469 }, { "cno": "3521", "nombre": "Insurance mediators and agents", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 54118, "empleo_v10": 40982, "empleo_delta_v11": 13136, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7.5, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Insurance agents sell policies and advise on risk, a task that blends digital analysis with commercial persuasion. AI already automates the underwriting of simple risks and the management of minor claims through computer vision and intelligent chatbots. The sale of complex business insurance and the personalised management of major claims require human mediation to negotiate terms and provide reassurance to the client.", "census_2021_employed": 90372, "epa_2digit_empleo": 677200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2172, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 874, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1298, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 5034, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2216, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 2818, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 5045, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 3, "rescore_R": 7, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.54, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2666360, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 11.7294, "rank_in_descending": 23, "cumulative_workers_descending": 2463479, "pct_workforce_descending": 10.8369 }, { "cno": "3522", "nombre": "Purchasing agents", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 107489, "empleo_v10": 40982, "empleo_delta_v11": 66507, "salario_medio_eur": 33243, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Their work consists of negotiating with suppliers and managing the supply of goods in a purely digital and logistical environment. AI optimises supplier selection based on price, lead times, and historical quality, automating much of the routine purchasing process. The negotiation of long-term strategic contracts and the resolution of crises in the global supply chain maintain the need for a human purchasing agent.", "census_2021_employed": 90372, "epa_2digit_empleo": 677200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 4314, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2320, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1994, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 24504, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 14264, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 10240, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 23959, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 3, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 4.62, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2666360, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 11.7294, "rank_in_descending": 19, "cumulative_workers_descending": 2205995, "pct_workforce_descending": 9.7043 }, { "cno": "3523", "nombre": "Consignees", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 4286, "empleo_v10": 40981, "empleo_delta_v11": -36695, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Shipping agents manage the formalities and logistics of vessels in port, a digital administrative task critical to maritime trade. AI automates the management of port documents and the coordination of stevedoring and supply services through integrated digital platforms. The on-site presence at the port to supervise physical operations and resolve unforeseen problems with the crew or customs protects the human role.", "census_2021_employed": 90372, "epa_2digit_empleo": 677200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 172, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 117, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 55, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 183, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 114, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 69, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 195, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 7.5, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 5, "rescore_R": 6.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.66, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2666360, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 11.7294, "rank_in_descending": 34, "cumulative_workers_descending": 2657106, "pct_workforce_descending": 11.6887 }, { "cno": "3531", "nombre": "Customs representatives", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 1989, "empleo_v10": 17493, "empleo_delta_v11": -15504, "salario_medio_eur": 34905, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Customs representatives manage the clearance of goods at borders, drawing on highly digitalised legal and tariff regulations. AI systems already automate tariff classification and the verification of customs documents to expedite international trade. The legal liability before the Spanish Tax Agency and the physical management of on-site customs inspections ensure that the human professional remains indispensable.", "census_2021_employed": 77985, "epa_2digit_empleo": 677200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 116, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 53, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 63, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 572, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 292, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 280, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 556, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 2.5, "rescore_R": 8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.78, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2666360, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 11.7294, "rank_in_descending": 36, "cumulative_workers_descending": 2661450, "pct_workforce_descending": 11.7078 }, { "cno": "3532", "nombre": "Conference and event organisers", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 116948, "empleo_v10": 17493, "empleo_delta_v11": 99455, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Event organisation requires digital logistical planning and high-intensity relational physical on-site execution. AI helps with agenda design, registration management, and the personalisation of the attendee experience through intelligent applications. The physical coordination of suppliers at the event venue and the immediate resolution of real logistical problems depend on the operational capability of a human organiser.", "census_2021_employed": 77985, "epa_2digit_empleo": 677200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 6821, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 3055, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 3766, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 6788, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1787, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 5001, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 6631, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 7, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 5.5, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.2, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2666360, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 11.7294, "rank_in_descending": 18, "cumulative_workers_descending": 2098506, "pct_workforce_descending": 9.2314 }, { "cno": "3533", "nombre": "Labour contracting agents and intermediaries (except entertainment agents)", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 12567, "empleo_v10": 17493, "empleo_delta_v11": -4926, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "These agents mediate in labour recruitment, analysing profiles and company needs in digital job-search environments. AI already filters candidates through competency analysis and predicts cultural fit for positions with great speed. Human value centres on the in-depth personal interview, salary negotiation, and the recruitment of executive talent that cannot be found in public databases.", "census_2021_employed": 77985, "epa_2digit_empleo": 677200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 733, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 217, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 516, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 903, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 148, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 755, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 972, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 2, "rescore_R": 4, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 4.61, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2666360, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 11.7294, "rank_in_descending": 30, "cumulative_workers_descending": 2635535, "pct_workforce_descending": 11.5938 }, { "cno": "3534", "nombre": "Real estate agents and administrators", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 117771, "empleo_v10": 17493, "empleo_delta_v11": 100278, "salario_medio_eur": 34905, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Estate agents manage the sale and rental of properties, combining digital marketing with physical property viewings. AI generates virtual tours, optimises sale prices, and automates the drafting of contracts and property listings efficiently. The success of the transaction depends on commercial skill during the in-person viewing, empathy with buyers, and the final negotiation between the parties.", "census_2021_employed": 77985, "epa_2digit_empleo": 677200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 6869, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 4056, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 2813, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 15320, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 5888, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 9432, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 15214, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 6.5, "rescore_C": 6.5, "rescore_F": 6, "rescore_R": 4, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.37, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2666360, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 11.7294, "rank_in_descending": 17, "cumulative_workers_descending": 1981558, "pct_workforce_descending": 8.717 }, { "cno": "3535", "nombre": "Spokespersons and public relations agents", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 22289, "empleo_v10": 17493, "empleo_delta_v11": 4796, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Spokespersons manage public communications and media relations, drawing on oratory and social intelligence in digital environments. AI can draft press releases and analyse the impact of communications on social media, but it cannot replace the credibility of a human figure. Responding to uncomfortable questions on live broadcasts and managing public trust require a human authenticity that AI cannot emulate.", "census_2021_employed": 77985, "epa_2digit_empleo": 677200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1300, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 655, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 645, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 500, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 156, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 344, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 486, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8.5, "rescore_C": 7.5, "rescore_F": 3, "rescore_R": 1.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 5.01, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2666360, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 11.7294, "rank_in_descending": 27, "cumulative_workers_descending": 2593545, "pct_workforce_descending": 11.4091 }, { "cno": "3539", "nombre": "Artistic and sports agents and other commercial service agents n.e.c.", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 14745, "empleo_v10": 17492, "empleo_delta_v11": -2747, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Artistic and sports agents mediate in complex professional careers, drawing on negotiation and personal networks of contacts. AI assists by analysing the market value of talents and monitoring their digital impact in real time exhaustively. The emotional management of the artist or athlete and the negotiation of high-exclusivity contracts depend on a human bond of trust and a personal strategic vision.", "census_2021_employed": 77985, "epa_2digit_empleo": 677200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 860, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 574, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 286, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1016, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 533, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 483, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 993, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 7, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 4.5, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.77, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2666360, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 11.7294, "rank_in_descending": 28, "cumulative_workers_descending": 2608290, "pct_workforce_descending": 11.474 }, { "cno": "3611", "nombre": "Secretarial supervisors", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 3198, "empleo_v10": 105073, "empleo_delta_v11": -101875, "salario_medio_eur": 29919, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Secretarial supervisors coordinate administrative workflows and support teams in purely digital office environments. AI and autonomous software agents already organise diaries, manage emails, and supervise the completion of routine administrative tasks. The role is evolving towards project management and hybrid team coordination, as technical administrative supervision is being automated by intelligent CRMs.", "census_2021_employed": 290013, "epa_2digit_empleo": 352100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 520, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 169, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 351, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 116, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 24, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 92, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 96, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8.5, "rescore_C": 7.8, "rescore_F": 1.8, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 5.43, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 3449439, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 15.1742, "rank_in_descending": 60, "cumulative_workers_descending": 3445493, "pct_workforce_descending": 15.1569 }, { "cno": "3612", "nombre": "Legal assistants", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 9932, "empleo_v10": 105073, "empleo_delta_v11": -95141, "salario_medio_eur": 33243, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Legal assistants support lawyers and notaries in the preparation of documents and case file management in digital legal environments. Generative AI is already capable of drafting procedural briefs, summarising case law, and organising complex trial documentation with technical precision. As a task based on the processing of normative texts, its vulnerability to automation by language models is very high.", "census_2021_employed": 290013, "epa_2digit_empleo": 352100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1615, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 595, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1020, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1885, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 570, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1315, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1844, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9.2, "rescore_C": 8.8, "rescore_F": 1, "rescore_R": 3.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 6.34, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2752961, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 12.1104, "rank_in_descending": 45, "cumulative_workers_descending": 2743009, "pct_workforce_descending": 12.0666 }, { "cno": "3613", "nombre": "Management and administrative assistants", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 317042, "empleo_v10": 105073, "empleo_delta_v11": 211969, "salario_medio_eur": 29919, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Executive assistants manage the diary and communications of senior executives, a digital task requiring high trust and organisational skill. AI assists by drafting communication drafts, summarising meetings, and planning travel autonomously. The value of the human assistant lies in the deep knowledge of the executive's personal priorities, absolute discretion, and the ability to resolve complex unforeseen situations requiring human judgement.", "census_2021_employed": 290013, "epa_2digit_empleo": 352100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 51552, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 17354, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 34198, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 109800, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 18321, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 91479, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 109731, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8.8, "rescore_C": 8.2, "rescore_F": 2.2, "rescore_R": 1.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 5.85, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 3449439, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 15.1742, "rank_in_descending": 48, "cumulative_workers_descending": 3070003, "pct_workforce_descending": 13.5051 }, { "cno": "3614", "nombre": "Medical centre or clinic secretaries", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 4213, "empleo_v10": 105073, "empleo_delta_v11": -100860, "salario_medio_eur": 29919, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Clinical secretaries manage appointments and medical documentation in highly digitalised administrative settings with physical patient contact. AI already automates appointment bookings, treatment reminders, and the management of digital medical records through chatbots and voice systems. The in-person reception of patients in a vulnerable state and the resolution of administrative incidents at the health centre maintain a critical human component.", "census_2021_employed": 290013, "epa_2digit_empleo": 352100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 685, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 102, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 583, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1322, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 52, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1270, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1324, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 3.8, "rescore_R": 5.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.82, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 5890481, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 25.9125, "rank_in_descending": 106, "cumulative_workers_descending": 5873272, "pct_workforce_descending": 25.8368 }, { "cno": "3621", "nombre": "Public administration tax support professionals", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 847, "empleo_v10": 2451, "empleo_delta_v11": -1604, "salario_medio_eur": 29919, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "These professionals manage taxation within the Spanish Public Administration, working with fiscal regulations and massive digital databases. The Tax Agency's AI already detects fraud and automates tax assessments for the majority of standard taxpayers very efficiently. The human specialist is needed for the resolution of complex appeals and for advice on atypical tax situations that require interpretation of the law.", "census_2021_employed": 8514, "epa_2digit_empleo": 352100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 438, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 142, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 296, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 553, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 159, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 394, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 547, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9, "rescore_C": 8.5, "rescore_F": 1.2, "rescore_R": 6.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 4.74, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 4669215, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 20.5401, "rank_in_descending": 90, "cumulative_workers_descending": 4669215, "pct_workforce_descending": 20.5401 }, { "cno": "3622", "nombre": "Public administration social services support professionals", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 3412, "empleo_v10": 2451, "empleo_delta_v11": 961, "salario_medio_eur": 26594, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Their work consists of technical support for public social services, managing case files and aid applications in digital environments. AI can automate the initial triage of applications and the verification of compliance with financial requirements instantly. Direct interaction with citizens in situations of social exclusion and the technical assessment of cases requiring social sensitivity protect the need for the human professional.", "census_2021_employed": 8514, "epa_2digit_empleo": 352100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1765, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 388, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1377, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1802, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 344, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1458, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1660, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 7, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 4.5, "rescore_R": 6.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.57, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 7065735, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 31.0825, "rank_in_descending": 155, "cumulative_workers_descending": 7050108, "pct_workforce_descending": 31.0137 }, { "cno": "3623", "nombre": "Public administration licensing services support professionals", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 159, "empleo_v10": 2450, "empleo_delta_v11": -2291, "salario_medio_eur": 29919, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "These professionals manage the issuance of public licences and permits, a purely administrative task based on digital regulations. Spain's electronic administration already allows the automated granting of standard licences through algorithmic verification of requirements. The human role is reserved for the physical inspection of licence compliance and the resolution of cases presenting unforeseen legal or technical conflicts.", "census_2021_employed": 8514, "epa_2digit_empleo": 352100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 82, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 32, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 50, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 453, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 118, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 335, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 439, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8.8, "rescore_C": 8.2, "rescore_F": 2.2, "rescore_R": 6.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 4.32, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 5890481, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 25.9125, "rank_in_descending": 116, "cumulative_workers_descending": 5890481, "pct_workforce_descending": 25.9125 }, { "cno": "3629", "nombre": "Other public administration support professionals for inspection and control", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 5399, "empleo_v10": 2450, "empleo_delta_v11": 2949, "salario_medio_eur": 29919, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "This group performs inspection and administrative control tasks across various sectors, combining data analysis with physical verification. AI systems facilitate the selection of inspection targets based on risk profiles and digitally monitor regulatory compliance. The legal authority to conduct on-site inspections and issue infringement reports is a sovereign function that EU regulations reserve for humans.", "census_2021_employed": 8514, "epa_2digit_empleo": 352100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2793, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1018, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1775, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2167, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 603, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1564, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2133, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 6.2, "rescore_C": 6.8, "rescore_F": 6.2, "rescore_R": 7.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.85, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 181, "cumulative_workers_descending": 8332879, "pct_workforce_descending": 36.6567 }, { "cno": "3631", "nombre": "National, regional and local police technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 6867, "empleo_v10": 8084, "empleo_delta_v11": -1217, "salario_medio_eur": 29919, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Police technicians perform support tasks in criminal investigation and public security, integrating advanced digital technology and fieldwork. AI assists in digital forensic analysis, biometric identification, and the prediction of crime risk zones through data analytics. The execution of arrests, the obtaining of testimonies, and physical intervention in dangerous situations require an irreplaceable human presence and authority.", "census_2021_employed": 13698, "epa_2digit_empleo": 352100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 20, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 13, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 7, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 45, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 27, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 18, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 38, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 5.2, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 8, "rescore_R": 9, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.04, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 235, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11083967, "pct_workforce_descending": 48.7588 }, { "cno": "3632", "nombre": "Civil guard non-commissioned officers", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 1030, "empleo_v10": 8083, "empleo_delta_v11": -7053, "salario_medio_eur": 29919, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Civil Guard non-commissioned officers lead security and surveillance operations in a complex physical and rural environment with digital technical support. AI monitors critical infrastructure and analyses traffic through computer vision to automatically detect suspicious behaviour. On-site command, territorial knowledge, and the capacity for armed physical response to serious crimes ensure the continuity of this human operational role.", "census_2021_employed": 13698, "epa_2digit_empleo": 352100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 3, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 2, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 4, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 2, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4.5, "rescore_C": 5.2, "rescore_F": 8.5, "rescore_R": 9.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.73, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 247, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11122347, "pct_workforce_descending": 48.9277 }, { "cno": "3711", "nombre": "Legal and similar services support professionals", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 3810, "empleo_v10": 20191, "empleo_delta_v11": -16381, "salario_medio_eur": 33243, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "These professionals assist with legal procedures and mediation, operating in an environment purely based on information and digital communication. Generative AI can draft mediation documents and advise on standard legal procedures based on current legislation with great accuracy. Lacking the signing authority of a lawyer or notary, their support tasks are highly susceptible to being absorbed by legal AI agents.", "census_2021_employed": 89136, "epa_2digit_empleo": 418100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2029, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 653, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1376, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 8326, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1962, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 6364, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 8751, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 9, "rescore_C": 8.5, "rescore_F": 0.8, "rescore_R": 5.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 5.33, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 4669215, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 20.5401, "rank_in_descending": 87, "cumulative_workers_descending": 4664863, "pct_workforce_descending": 20.5209 }, { "cno": "3712", "nombre": "Private detectives", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 86, "empleo_v10": 20191, "empleo_delta_v11": -20105, "salario_medio_eur": 29919, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Private detectives conduct investigations and surveillance to obtain evidence, combining digital tracking with discreet physical tailing. AI facilitates open-source intelligence (OSINT) and facial or licence plate recognition in video recordings automatically. Nevertheless, mobile physical surveillance in the real world and the ability to obtain information through human social engineering are tasks that AI cannot emulate.", "census_2021_employed": 89136, "epa_2digit_empleo": 418100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 46, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 23, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 23, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 228, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 116, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 112, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 239, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 5.2, "rescore_C": 6.2, "rescore_F": 6.8, "rescore_R": 6.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.47, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 251, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11124967, "pct_workforce_descending": 48.9392 }, { "cno": "3713", "nombre": "Social work and social education support professionals", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 80280, "empleo_v10": 20191, "empleo_delta_v11": 60089, "salario_medio_eur": 26594, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Their work consists of supporting integration and social education programmes through direct care for groups in physical community settings. AI can help manage activities and monitor user progress through data, but social intervention is inherently human. Empathy, street-level accompaniment, and the building of neighbourhood trust networks are functions that require the professional's in-person presence.", "census_2021_employed": 89136, "epa_2digit_empleo": 418100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 42751, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 11026, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 31725, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 21572, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 4661, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 16911, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 20925, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 4.8, "rescore_C": 5.5, "rescore_F": 6.5, "rescore_R": 6, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.3, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 207, "cumulative_workers_descending": 10229895, "pct_workforce_descending": 45.0017 }, { "cno": "3714", "nombre": "Equal opportunity promoters", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 2441, "empleo_v10": 20191, "empleo_delta_v11": -17750, "salario_medio_eur": 29919, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "These promoters design and implement equality actions in local settings, drawing on social communication and training. AI assists by generating awareness-raising materials and analysing demographic data to identify structural inequalities quickly. The promoter's success depends on social mobilisation, the delivery of in-person workshops, and local political advocacy, tasks that are intrinsically human and relational.", "census_2021_employed": 89136, "epa_2digit_empleo": 418100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1300, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 255, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1045, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 906, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 80, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 826, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 870, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 6, "rescore_C": 6.5, "rescore_F": 4.5, "rescore_R": 4.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.35, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 191, "cumulative_workers_descending": 8370512, "pct_workforce_descending": 36.8222 }, { "cno": "3715", "nombre": "Community animators", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 55364, "empleo_v10": 20191, "empleo_delta_v11": 35173, "salario_medio_eur": 26594, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Community animators foster social participation and organise cultural activities in physical neighbourhood settings. Their work is intensely relational and in-person, requiring skills in group facilitation and community conflict resolution. AI cannot replicate human enthusiasm or the ability to adapt festive or educational activities to the emotional and social climate of a specific neighbourhood in real time.", "census_2021_employed": 89136, "epa_2digit_empleo": 418100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 29483, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 9258, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 20225, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 25694, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 4777, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 20917, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 25944, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 3.2, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 7.2, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.89, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 259, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11698665, "pct_workforce_descending": 51.4629 }, { "cno": "3716", "nombre": "Lay auxiliaries of religions", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 415, "empleo_v10": 20191, "empleo_delta_v11": -19776, "salario_medio_eur": 29919, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Lay auxiliaries support the activities of religious organisations, combining administrative management with physical service to the community. AI can automate event organisation and communication with the faithful through digital channels efficiently. The value of the position lies in personal accompaniment, physical participation in rites, and direct charitable assistance, aspects that maintain the essential human component.", "census_2021_employed": 89136, "epa_2digit_empleo": 418100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 221, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 93, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 128, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 30, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 13, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 17, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 34, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 2.5, "rescore_C": 4.5, "rescore_F": 7.5, "rescore_R": 4.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.53, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 327, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12697039, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.8548 }, { "cno": "3721", "nombre": "Athletes and sportspersons", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 7910, "empleo_v10": 74015, "empleo_delta_v11": -66105, "salario_medio_eur": 28257, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Professional athletes perform an extreme physical activity based on bodily performance and competition in the real world. This occupation is intrinsically human; AI is only used as a tool for performance analysis, diet optimisation, and injury prevention. The economic and social value of professional sport lies in the effort, epic narrative, and human physical talent, making automation conceptually impossible.", "census_2021_employed": 207168, "epa_2digit_empleo": 418100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 13788, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 10973, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 2815, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1941, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1691, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 250, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2565, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 4.5, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 1.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.42, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 368, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15742080, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.2501 }, { "cno": "3722", "nombre": "Sports coaches and referees", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 7353, "empleo_v10": 74015, "empleo_delta_v11": -66662, "salario_medio_eur": 28257, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Coaches and referees manage athletic performance and rule enforcement in physical competitive environments. AI is already used to analyse rival tactics (sports big data) and assist in officiating (VAR, automatic offside detection). The motivational leadership of the team, the management of athletes' egos, and human judgement in ambiguous or high-tension game situations maintain the relevance of these in-person roles.", "census_2021_employed": 207168, "epa_2digit_empleo": 418100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 12816, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 9751, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 3065, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 6277, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 4904, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1373, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 6169, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 4.5, "rescore_C": 6.8, "rescore_F": 7.8, "rescore_R": 4.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.45, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 233, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11070008, "pct_workforce_descending": 48.6974 }, { "cno": "3723", "nombre": "Sports activity instructors", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 30664, "empleo_v10": 74015, "empleo_delta_v11": -43351, "salario_medio_eur": 28257, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Sports instructors teach physical technique and train athletes in gyms or sports centres, requiring constant in-person supervision. AI can offer personalised routines and correct simple postures through computer vision on mobile devices. However, motivation during physical exertion, manual technique correction, and on-site prevention of traumatic injuries require a human instructor to be present.", "census_2021_employed": 207168, "epa_2digit_empleo": 418100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 53449, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 31870, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 21579, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 27308, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 16404, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 10904, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 27053, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 3.5, "rescore_C": 6.5, "rescore_F": 8.2, "rescore_R": 1.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.2, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 270, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12126906, "pct_workforce_descending": 53.3468 }, { "cno": "3724", "nombre": "Recreational and entertainment activity monitors", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 174711, "empleo_v10": 74014, "empleo_delta_v11": 100697, "salario_medio_eur": 29919, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Recreation monitors organise games and leisure activities for groups in physical holiday or educational settings. The work is based on personal energy, the physical safety of participants, and the capacity for live social entertainment. AI cannot replace the joy of shared play or the responsibility of supervising children or adults in dynamic physical environments such as pools, camps, or parks.", "census_2021_employed": 207168, "epa_2digit_empleo": 418100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 304534, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 102781, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 201753, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 68620, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 14762, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 53858, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 68968, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 2.8, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 8.2, "rescore_R": 1.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.78, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 253, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11299720, "pct_workforce_descending": 49.7079 }, { "cno": "3731", "nombre": "Photographers", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 1626, "empleo_v10": 10588, "empleo_delta_v11": -8962, "salario_medio_eur": 29919, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Photography combines artistic vision with technical mastery of light and composition in physical or studio environments. AI already performs spectacular automatic edits, generates photorealistic images from scratch, and enhances the quality of old photos remarkably. The human photographer retains value in the capture of unique spontaneous moments (photojournalism, weddings), model direction, and a personal and unrepeatable creative eye.", "census_2021_employed": 41364, "epa_2digit_empleo": 418100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 4638, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2848, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1790, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 9053, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 4611, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 4442, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 8957, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 6.8, "rescore_C": 8.5, "rescore_F": 5.8, "rescore_R": 1.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.83, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 6236350, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 27.434, "rank_in_descending": 130, "cumulative_workers_descending": 6235295, "pct_workforce_descending": 27.4293 }, { "cno": "3732", "nombre": "Interior designers and decorators", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 1120, "empleo_v10": 10588, "empleo_delta_v11": -9468, "salario_medio_eur": 29919, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Interior designers project habitable spaces, integrating digital aesthetics with the management of materials and physical works. Generative AI already creates stunning interior design renders and optimises furniture layout according to space instantly. The human designer is key for client dialogue, the supervision of the physical renovation on-site, and the tactile knowledge of the quality of real materials.", "census_2021_employed": 41364, "epa_2digit_empleo": 418100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 3195, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1067, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 2128, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 15585, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 4773, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 10812, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 15581, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 8.2, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 3.5, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 5.17, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 4669215, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 20.5401, "rank_in_descending": 89, "cumulative_workers_descending": 4668368, "pct_workforce_descending": 20.5363 }, { "cno": "3733", "nombre": "Art gallery, museum and library technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 529, "empleo_v10": 10587, "empleo_delta_v11": -10058, "salario_medio_eur": 29919, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "These technicians manage collections and exhibitions in physical cultural settings such as museums and art galleries. AI automates the cataloguing of works and personalises the visitor experience through intelligent guides and augmented reality. The physical mounting of exhibitions, the careful handling of art pieces, and the management of the physical security of collections protect the human operational component of this occupation.", "census_2021_employed": 41364, "epa_2digit_empleo": 418100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1510, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 588, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 922, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 26414, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 6127, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 20287, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 25728, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 6.5, "rescore_C": 7.2, "rescore_F": 5, "rescore_R": 4.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.69, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 197, "cumulative_workers_descending": 8379135, "pct_workforce_descending": 36.8602 }, { "cno": "3734", "nombre": "Chefs", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 2162, "empleo_v10": 10587, "empleo_delta_v11": -8425, "salario_medio_eur": 29919, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Chefs lead professional kitchens, design menus, and supervise the physical execution of dishes in high-pressure environments. AI helps create molecular flavour combinations and optimises recipe costs through market price analysis. However, kitchen team leadership, the final sensory judgement (taste and smell), and artistic culinary creativity are human capabilities that define haute cuisine.", "census_2021_employed": 41364, "epa_2digit_empleo": 418100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 6168, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 4889, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1279, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2341, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1629, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 712, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2283, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 4, "rescore_C": 4.5, "rescore_F": 8.5, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.98, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 315, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12681925, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.7883 }, { "cno": "3739", "nombre": "Other cultural and artistic activities technicians and support professionals", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 49630, "empleo_v10": 10587, "empleo_delta_v11": 39043, "salario_medio_eur": 29919, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "This group includes various technical support professionals in culture and art who perform technical and operational tasks in hybrid settings. AI assists in technical production and in the rapid and efficient generation of artistic support materials. The physical presence for the assembly of artistic productions and the resolution of technical problems during live performances ensure that the human professional maintains operational relevance against digital automation.", "census_2021_employed": 41364, "epa_2digit_empleo": 418100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 141603, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 96787, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 44816, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2616, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1299, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1317, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2597, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 6, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 5.2, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.8, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 7065735, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 31.0825, "rank_in_descending": 137, "cumulative_workers_descending": 6654207, "pct_workforce_descending": 29.2721 }, { "cno": "3811", "nombre": "Computer systems operations technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 175027, "empleo_v10": 29974, "empleo_delta_v11": 145053, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "IT operations technicians supervise and maintain servers and data centre systems in purely technological environments. AI and AIOps already automate hardware fault detection, software deployment, and load balancing autonomously. Being a natively digital environment, most routine supervision is now algorithmic, leaving the technician with crisis management and the physical maintenance of hardware.", "census_2021_employed": 88278, "epa_2digit_empleo": 421400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 23920, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 19404, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 4516, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 4124, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 3525, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 599, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 3809, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 2, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 6.16, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2666360, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 11.7294, "rank_in_descending": 16, "cumulative_workers_descending": 1863787, "pct_workforce_descending": 8.1989 }, { "cno": "3812", "nombre": "IT user support technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 56613, "empleo_v10": 29974, "empleo_delta_v11": 26639, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "User technical support helps resolve hardware and software problems in corporate or domestic environments. AI, through voice systems and expert chatbots, already resolves the majority of common Level 1 incidents instantly. The profession is highly exposed, although the human technician remains necessary for physical device repairs and for assisting users who require a pedagogical or in-person explanation.", "census_2021_employed": 88278, "epa_2digit_empleo": 421400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 7737, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 5210, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 2527, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 25417, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 20561, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 4856, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 24630, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9, "rescore_C": 8.5, "rescore_F": 2, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 6.54, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2666360, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 11.7294, "rank_in_descending": 22, "cumulative_workers_descending": 2409361, "pct_workforce_descending": 10.5989 }, { "cno": "3813", "nombre": "Network technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 25244, "empleo_v10": 29974, "empleo_delta_v11": -4730, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Network technicians install and configure communication infrastructure, combining physical cabling with the digital configuration of routers and switches. AI optimises the network automatically and detects traffic bottlenecks without human intervention. The need to carry out the physical deployment of cabling, antennas, and network equipment in buildings and outdoors ensures the continuity of this manual and operational technical work.", "census_2021_employed": 88278, "epa_2digit_empleo": 421400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 3450, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2638, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 812, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2937, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2590, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 347, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2758, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8.5, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 4, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 4.28, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2666360, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 11.7294, "rank_in_descending": 26, "cumulative_workers_descending": 2571256, "pct_workforce_descending": 11.3111 }, { "cno": "3814", "nombre": "Web technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 14678, "empleo_v10": 29974, "empleo_delta_v11": -15296, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Web technicians maintain websites and online applications, handling deployment and security in purely digital environments. AI already automates vulnerability detection, page-load speed optimisation, and software dependency updates. Given the ease with which AI agents handle web protocols and servers, this technical occupation is under strong pressure towards full automation.", "census_2021_employed": 88278, "epa_2digit_empleo": 421400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2006, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1143, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 863, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2263, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1616, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 647, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2099, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 10, "rescore_C": 9, "rescore_F": 0, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 8.55, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2666360, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 11.7294, "rank_in_descending": 29, "cumulative_workers_descending": 2622968, "pct_workforce_descending": 11.5385 }, { "cno": "3820", "nombre": "Computer programmers", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 75403, "empleo_v10": 134153, "empleo_delta_v11": -58750, "salario_medio_eur": 36567, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Substitution", "justificacion": "Computer programming is the digital occupation most directly impacted by advances in generative code AI. Currently, AI writes, debugs, and explains code in multiple programming languages with a productivity that multiplies human output. The programmer must evolve towards complex systems architecture and strategic integration, as the coding of standard functions and components is now an algorithmic task.", "census_2021_employed": 98046, "epa_2digit_empleo": 421400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 27801, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 22171, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 5630, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 16334, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 13392, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 2942, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 14257, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 10, "rescore_C": 9, "rescore_F": 0, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 8.55, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2666360, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 11.7294, "rank_in_descending": 20, "cumulative_workers_descending": 2281398, "pct_workforce_descending": 10.036 }, { "cno": "3831", "nombre": "Audiovisual recording technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 71350, "empleo_v10": 13490, "empleo_delta_v11": 57860, "salario_medio_eur": 29919, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Recording technicians operate sound and video equipment in studios or on location, integrating digital technology and physical setup. AI already automates equalisation, noise reduction, and audio mixing, as well as intelligent camera tracking in recordings. The technician's value lies in auditory and visual aesthetic judgement, the physical setup of complex microphone arrays, and the resolution of technical problems during live recordings.", "census_2021_employed": 32262, "epa_2digit_empleo": 421400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 112276, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 77300, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 34976, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 23215, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 15673, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 7542, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 21727, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 7, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 8, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.39, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2666360, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 11.7294, "rank_in_descending": 21, "cumulative_workers_descending": 2352748, "pct_workforce_descending": 10.3498 }, { "cno": "3832", "nombre": "Broadcasting technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 1314, "empleo_v10": 13489, "empleo_delta_v11": -12175, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "These technicians manage the broadcasting of radio and TV signals in high-technology digital environments with service responsibility. AI systems already automate broadcast continuity, signal level control, and scheduled ad insertion. The technical supervision of physical transmission systems and the response to critical outages in national broadcasting maintain the need for a human technician on duty.", "census_2021_employed": 32262, "epa_2digit_empleo": 421400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2067, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1590, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 477, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1114, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 822, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 292, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1116, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8, "rescore_C": 6.5, "rescore_F": 7, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.04, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2666360, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 11.7294, "rank_in_descending": 38, "cumulative_workers_descending": 2664534, "pct_workforce_descending": 11.7214 }, { "cno": "3833", "nombre": "Telecommunications engineering technicians", "sector": "Support Technicians", "empleo": 1770, "empleo_v10": 13489, "empleo_delta_v11": -11719, "salario_medio_eur": 31581, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Telecommunications engineering technicians install and maintain wireless and cable transmission systems in diverse physical environments. AI monitors network performance and optimises antenna power remotely according to traffic demand. The deployment of 5G/6G infrastructure, the maintenance of communication towers, and the physical repair of faults in the external network protect the manual component of the position.", "census_2021_employed": 32262, "epa_2digit_empleo": 421400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2786, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2252, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 534, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 5293, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 4740, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 553, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 5005, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 7.5, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 5.5, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.24, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2666360, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 11.7294, "rank_in_descending": 37, "cumulative_workers_descending": 2663220, "pct_workforce_descending": 11.7156 }, { "cno": "4111", "nombre": "Accounting clerks", "sector": "Administration", "empleo": 139807, "empleo_v10": 77047, "empleo_delta_v11": 62760, "salario_medio_eur": 25896, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 8, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Substitution", "justificacion": "Accounting clerks perform tasks involving the recording and classification of invoices, expenses, and income in corporate digital systems. AI, through computer vision for reading physical documents and automatic payment processing, already performs 90% of this work autonomously. This is one of the most vulnerable occupations in the administrative sector, as its core tasks are pure logic and handling of structured data that are easily automatable.", "census_2021_employed": 197094, "epa_2digit_empleo": 663800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 19351, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 6698, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 12653, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 36356, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 8482, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 27874, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 36272, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9.5, "rescore_C": 9, "rescore_F": 0.5, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 7.09, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 1104132, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 4.8571, "rank_in_descending": 7, "cumulative_workers_descending": 857789, "pct_workforce_descending": 3.7734 }, { "cno": "4112", "nombre": "Personnel and payroll control clerks", "sector": "Administration", "empleo": 50364, "empleo_v10": 77046, "empleo_delta_v11": -26682, "salario_medio_eur": 28148, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7.5, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Substitution", "justificacion": "Their work consists of managing personnel data and processing payroll based on Spanish labor regulations and collective bargaining agreements. Intelligent payroll systems with AI already automatically update tax withholdings, manage sick leave, and calculate severance payments with minimal oversight. As this is work purely based on logical rules and digital data, the potential for displacement of the human administrative worker is very high.", "census_2021_employed": 197094, "epa_2digit_empleo": 663800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 6971, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1831, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 5140, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 14148, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2695, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 11453, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 14197, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9.5, "rescore_C": 9, "rescore_F": 0.5, "rescore_R": 4, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 6.67, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2666360, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 11.7294, "rank_in_descending": 24, "cumulative_workers_descending": 2513843, "pct_workforce_descending": 11.0585 }, { "cno": "4113", "nombre": "Statistical, financial and banking services office clerks", "sector": "Administration", "empleo": 176675, "empleo_v10": 77046, "empleo_delta_v11": 99629, "salario_medio_eur": 30963, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7.5, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Substitution", "justificacion": "These employees handle internal administrative operations in banks and insurance companies, working with purely digital information processes. AI already processes applications for financial products, performs biometric identity verification, and manages international transfers without human errors. A large portion of the banking back-office is being absorbed by intelligent automation systems and risk decision algorithms.", "census_2021_employed": 197094, "epa_2digit_empleo": 663800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 24454, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 11921, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 12533, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 21471, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 6686, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 14785, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 21305, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9.5, "rescore_C": 9, "rescore_F": 0.8, "rescore_R": 3.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 6.7, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2666360, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 11.7294, "rank_in_descending": 15, "cumulative_workers_descending": 1688760, "pct_workforce_descending": 7.4289 }, { "cno": "4121", "nombre": "Supply and inventory control clerks", "sector": "Administration", "empleo": 66197, "empleo_v10": 62010, "empleo_delta_v11": 4187, "salario_medio_eur": 25896, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Substitution", "justificacion": "Supply clerks manage inventories and material orders in digital logistics environments and physical warehouses. AI predicts stock needs with pinpoint accuracy based on sales history and automates orders to suppliers autonomously. The physical component of verifying merchandise in the warehouse and managing physical returns is what keeps part of the job protected from analytical AI.", "census_2021_employed": 159561, "epa_2digit_empleo": 663800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 23456, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 14584, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 8872, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 27192, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 14553, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 12639, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 26844, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 7.2, "rescore_C": 7.8, "rescore_F": 5.2, "rescore_R": 1.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.77, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 5890481, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 25.9125, "rank_in_descending": 94, "cumulative_workers_descending": 5600817, "pct_workforce_descending": 24.6382 }, { "cno": "4122", "nombre": "Production support services office clerks", "sector": "Administration", "empleo": 60310, "empleo_v10": 62010, "empleo_delta_v11": -1700, "salario_medio_eur": 25896, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Substitution", "justificacion": "Their work consists of providing administrative support to industrial production, managing work orders and digital manufacturing orders. Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems assisted by AI already coordinate production schedules and material allocation autonomously. Direct interaction with workers on the physical shop floor and the immediate resolution of manual incidents are the tasks that keep the administrative employee in the plant.", "census_2021_employed": 159561, "epa_2digit_empleo": 663800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 21370, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 8849, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 12521, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 26110, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 6705, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 19405, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 25578, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 7.5, "rescore_C": 7.5, "rescore_F": 4, "rescore_R": 1.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 4.13, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 5890481, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 25.9125, "rank_in_descending": 95, "cumulative_workers_descending": 5661127, "pct_workforce_descending": 24.9035 }, { "cno": "4123", "nombre": "Logistics and passenger/freight transport clerks", "sector": "Administration", "empleo": 170479, "empleo_v10": 62009, "empleo_delta_v11": 108470, "salario_medio_eur": 26741, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Logistics clerks coordinate passenger and freight transportation through digital fleet management platforms. AI optimizes routes, assigns drivers, and predicts arrival times in real time, surpassing human planning capacity. The employee's value lies in managing physical contingencies (breakdowns, road closures) and providing personal attention to drivers and clients in stressful logistics situations.", "census_2021_employed": 159561, "epa_2digit_empleo": 663800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 60407, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 36696, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 23711, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 11910, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 4995, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 6915, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 11744, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8.5, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 3, "rescore_R": 2.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 5.06, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 4669215, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 20.5401, "rank_in_descending": 66, "cumulative_workers_descending": 3992608, "pct_workforce_descending": 17.5636 }, { "cno": "4210", "nombre": "Library and archive clerks", "sector": "Administration", "empleo": 1961, "empleo_v10": 6629, "empleo_delta_v11": -4668, "salario_medio_eur": 25896, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Substitution", "justificacion": "These employees perform shelving and lending tasks in libraries and archives, combining digital management with the physical handling of books. AI dominates document classification, automated lending via RFID, and handling simple bibliographic queries through chatbots. The physical arrangement of volumes on shelves and in-person assistance to users in their physical searches partially protect this traditional occupation.", "census_2021_employed": 6333, "epa_2digit_empleo": 75600, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2906, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 767, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 2139, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 28394, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 5990, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 22404, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 27983, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 7, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 5, "rescore_R": 2.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.71, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 5890481, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 25.9125, "rank_in_descending": 112, "cumulative_workers_descending": 5887550, "pct_workforce_descending": 25.8996 }, { "cno": "4221", "nombre": "Mail service clerks (except counter clerks)", "sector": "Administration", "empleo": 68806, "empleo_v10": 30074, "empleo_delta_v11": 38732, "salario_medio_eur": 24770, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Postal service employees sort and manage the flow of shipments at postal processing centers, a high-volume physical task. AI and sorting robotics already automate address scanning and package separation by routes on a massive scale in Spain. The manual component of handling non-standardized parcels and supervising the physical process at loading docks keeps part of the occupation outside the purely digital realm.", "census_2021_employed": 79275, "epa_2digit_empleo": 75600, "sepe_contracts_2024": 68516, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 33480, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 35036, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 15935, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 7353, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 8582, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 17101, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 6.2, "rescore_C": 7.5, "rescore_F": 6, "rescore_R": 6.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.31, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 168, "cumulative_workers_descending": 7988793, "pct_workforce_descending": 35.143 }, { "cno": "4222", "nombre": "Coding and proofreading clerks", "sector": "Administration", "empleo": 254, "empleo_v10": 30073, "empleo_delta_v11": -29819, "salario_medio_eur": 25896, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 8, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Substitution", "justificacion": "Their work consists of coding information and proofreading texts before printing, a purely digital and linguistic task. Generative AI and advanced grammar-checking tools currently surpass human precision and speed in error detection and text formatting. As this is a task based on linguistic rules and digital orthotypography, the vulnerability to complete automation is extremely high.", "census_2021_employed": 79275, "epa_2digit_empleo": 75600, "sepe_contracts_2024": 253, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 149, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 104, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1669, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 512, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1157, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1653, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 10, "rescore_C": 9, "rescore_F": 0, "rescore_R": 0, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 9, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 1104132, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 4.8571, "rank_in_descending": 12, "cumulative_workers_descending": 1104132, "pct_workforce_descending": 4.8571 }, { "cno": "4223", "nombre": "Personnel service clerks", "sector": "Administration", "empleo": 4582, "empleo_v10": 30073, "empleo_delta_v11": -25491, "salario_medio_eur": 28148, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6.5, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Substitution", "justificacion": "These employees manage initial recruitment processes and personnel files in digital human resources departments. AI already performs CV screening, interview scheduling, and automated filing of contracts and legal documentation autonomously. As this is a task centered on managing documents and structured data, the HR administrative employee sees much of their value absorbed by intelligent talent management platforms.", "census_2021_employed": 79275, "epa_2digit_empleo": 75600, "sepe_contracts_2024": 4563, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2177, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 2386, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1616, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 437, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1179, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1522, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8.8, "rescore_C": 8.2, "rescore_F": 1.8, "rescore_R": 4.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 5.15, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 3449439, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 15.1742, "rank_in_descending": 59, "cumulative_workers_descending": 3442295, "pct_workforce_descending": 15.1428 }, { "cno": "4301", "nombre": "Data entry operators", "sector": "Administration", "empleo": 49318, "empleo_v10": 358301, "empleo_delta_v11": -308983, "salario_medio_eur": 23081, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 9, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Substitution", "justificacion": "Data entry clerks input information from physical documents into digital systems, a purely mechanical and repetitive task. Currently, optical character recognition (OCR) systems with AI read and digitize any type of document, including handwritten ones, with accuracy exceeding 99%. This occupation is a primary target for total automation, as AI eliminates the need for manual data entry in businesses.", "census_2021_employed": 598851, "epa_2digit_empleo": 494200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 18673, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 7086, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 11587, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 27577, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 7341, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 20236, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 27764, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 10, "rescore_C": 9.5, "rescore_F": 0, "rescore_R": 0, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 9.5, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 49318, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 0.217, "rank_in_descending": 1, "cumulative_workers_descending": 49318, "pct_workforce_descending": 0.217 }, { "cno": "4309", "nombre": "Administrative clerks without public-facing duties n.e.c.", "sector": "Administration", "empleo": 444905, "empleo_v10": 358300, "empleo_delta_v11": 86605, "salario_medio_eur": 25896, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 8, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Substitution", "justificacion": "This group encompasses back-office administrative workers who perform document and digital file management tasks without public-facing duties. AI and autonomous software agents can organize folders, draft basic reports, and manage document approval workflows autonomously. Given the purely digital and rule-based nature of their work, the potential for displacement by intelligent automation systems is very high.", "census_2021_employed": 598851, "epa_2digit_empleo": 494200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 168451, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 56379, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 112072, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 395093, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 80357, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 314736, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 396636, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9.5, "rescore_C": 8.8, "rescore_F": 0.5, "rescore_R": 1.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 7.51, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 1104132, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 4.8571, "rank_in_descending": 6, "cumulative_workers_descending": 717982, "pct_workforce_descending": 3.1584 }, { "cno": "4411", "nombre": "Information clerks", "sector": "Administration", "empleo": 16636, "empleo_v10": 45669, "empleo_delta_v11": -29033, "salario_medio_eur": 25896, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Substitution", "justificacion": "Customer information clerks resolve queries and manage administrative procedures in hybrid office and digital service environments. Conversational AI systems and virtual assistants already handle the majority of frequent inquiries autonomously and multilingually. The human employee is reserved for handling complex cases that require empathy, discretionary judgment, or a detailed in-person explanation of Spanish bureaucratic processes.", "census_2021_employed": 80220, "epa_2digit_empleo": 360200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 22783, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 9327, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 13456, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 50210, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 10928, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 39282, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 48352, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8.2, "rescore_C": 8.5, "rescore_F": 2.8, "rescore_R": 1.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 5.72, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 3449439, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 15.1742, "rank_in_descending": 54, "cumulative_workers_descending": 3395938, "pct_workforce_descending": 14.9389 }, { "cno": "4412", "nombre": "Receptionists (except hotel)", "sector": "Administration", "empleo": 38095, "empleo_v10": 45669, "empleo_delta_v11": -7574, "salario_medio_eur": 23926, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Substitution", "justificacion": "Receptionists manage visitor reception and external communications in offices, combining physical personal attention with digital tasks. AI already manages visitor registration, biometric access control, and intelligent switchboard systems with great effectiveness. The warmth of in-person greeting, physical entrance security management, and on-the-spot resolution of unforeseen situations maintain the need for a human receptionist.", "census_2021_employed": 80220, "epa_2digit_empleo": 360200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 52172, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 14369, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 37803, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 206463, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 21591, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 184872, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 208432, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 6.2, "rescore_C": 7.2, "rescore_F": 7, "rescore_R": 1.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.72, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 7065735, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 31.0825, "rank_in_descending": 140, "cumulative_workers_descending": 6780726, "pct_workforce_descending": 29.8287 }, { "cno": "4421", "nombre": "Travel agency clerks", "sector": "Administration", "empleo": 16755, "empleo_v10": 51602, "empleo_delta_v11": -34847, "salario_medio_eur": 25896, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Substitution", "justificacion": "Their work consists of selling travel packages and designing personalized itineraries, operating in a purely digital environment of tourism information. AI already allows users to search, compare, and book complex trips autonomously through intelligent platforms that learn their preferences. The human travel agent adds value in managing critical cancellations, providing niche expert advice, and offering the reassurance of personal interaction for high-value investments.", "census_2021_employed": 176526, "epa_2digit_empleo": 360200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 10474, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 3355, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 7119, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 14898, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 3134, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 11764, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 14900, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8.8, "rescore_C": 8.8, "rescore_F": 2.8, "rescore_R": 1.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 6.1, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2752961, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 12.1104, "rank_in_descending": 43, "cumulative_workers_descending": 2721516, "pct_workforce_descending": 11.9721 }, { "cno": "4422", "nombre": "Hotel receptionists", "sector": "Administration", "empleo": 62315, "empleo_v10": 51601, "empleo_delta_v11": 10714, "salario_medio_eur": 23926, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Substitution", "justificacion": "Hotel receptionists coordinate guest arrivals and manage services during stays in a physical and social environment. AI already automates digital check-in, mobile key control, and handling standard requests through in-room chatbots. In-person human hospitality, on-site management of complex complaints, and immediate local knowledge for tourist recommendations preserve the professional's value in Spain.", "census_2021_employed": 176526, "epa_2digit_empleo": 360200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 38954, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 15832, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 23122, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 32169, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 9381, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 22788, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 30910, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 6, "rescore_C": 7.2, "rescore_F": 7.5, "rescore_R": 1.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.51, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 7065735, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 31.0825, "rank_in_descending": 135, "cumulative_workers_descending": 6550976, "pct_workforce_descending": 28.818 }, { "cno": "4423", "nombre": "Telephone operators", "sector": "Administration", "empleo": 24636, "empleo_v10": 51601, "empleo_delta_v11": -26965, "salario_medio_eur": 25896, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 8, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Substitution", "justificacion": "Telephone operators manage high volumes of calls and route communications in digital switchboard environments. Speech recognition and natural language processing (NLP) systems already manage call routing and answer basic queries autonomously. As this is a task based purely on digital voice communication, AI has a very high automation potential, reducing the need for human operators.", "census_2021_employed": 176526, "epa_2digit_empleo": 360200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 15400, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 4561, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 10839, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 28374, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2810, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 25564, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 29630, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9.5, "rescore_C": 9.2, "rescore_F": 0.8, "rescore_R": 0.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 8.14, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 1104132, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 4.8571, "rank_in_descending": 10, "cumulative_workers_descending": 1100559, "pct_workforce_descending": 4.8414 }, { "cno": "4424", "nombre": "Call centre operators", "sector": "Administration", "empleo": 137169, "empleo_v10": 51601, "empleo_delta_v11": 85568, "salario_medio_eur": 21955, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 8, "eu_ai_act": "Limited risk", "tipo_impacto": "Substitution", "justificacion": "The work of a call center agent consists of customer service or telephone sales following pre-established scripts in a digital environment. Conversational AI and realistic voice agents are already capable of maintaining complex dialogues, resolving complaints, and performing mass sales of simple products. This occupation is undergoing massive automation in Spain, as AI drastically reduces operational costs while maintaining a similar quality of service.", "census_2021_employed": 176526, "epa_2digit_empleo": 360200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 85746, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 30045, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 55701, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 46190, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 8162, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 38028, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 46352, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9, "rescore_C": 9, "rescore_F": 0, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 7.29, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 1104132, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 4.8571, "rank_in_descending": 8, "cumulative_workers_descending": 994958, "pct_workforce_descending": 4.3769 }, { "cno": "4430", "nombre": "Survey agents", "sector": "Administration", "empleo": 2402, "empleo_v10": 7384, "empleo_delta_v11": -4982, "salario_medio_eur": 21111, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Substitution", "justificacion": "Survey agents collect public opinion data through telephone or digital interviews based on structured questionnaires. AI can make thousands of simultaneous calls, analyze voice tone to detect emotions, and transcribe responses automatically and immediately. As this is a repetitive language-based and data-capture task, the role of the human surveyor is being displaced by massive algorithmic efficiency.", "census_2021_employed": 7041, "epa_2digit_empleo": 360200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 11842, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 4510, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 7332, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 7498, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1600, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 5898, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 7842, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 7.8, "rescore_C": 8.2, "rescore_F": 4.8, "rescore_R": 2.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 4.27, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 5890481, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 25.9125, "rank_in_descending": 109, "cumulative_workers_descending": 5881185, "pct_workforce_descending": 25.8716 }, { "cno": "4441", "nombre": "Bank tellers and related", "sector": "Administration", "empleo": 21637, "empleo_v10": 5546, "empleo_delta_v11": 16091, "salario_medio_eur": 30963, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Substitution", "justificacion": "Bank tellers perform cash operations and basic administrative tasks for clients in physical offices. The advancement of intelligent ATMs and mobile banking with AI has reduced the need for human intervention for most transactions. The human teller in Spain now focuses on digital education for elderly people and complex transactions requiring physical identity verification and trust.", "census_2021_employed": 30393, "epa_2digit_empleo": 360200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 11444, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 4895, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 6549, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3926, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1311, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 2615, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 4056, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 7.2, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 5.8, "rescore_R": 5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.06, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 6236350, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 27.434, "rank_in_descending": 120, "cumulative_workers_descending": 6173237, "pct_workforce_descending": 27.1563 }, { "cno": "4442", "nombre": "Betting agency clerks", "sector": "Administration", "empleo": 11312, "empleo_v10": 5545, "empleo_delta_v11": 5767, "salario_medio_eur": 25896, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Substitution", "justificacion": "Their work consists of selling bets and paying out prizes in physical establishments, operating with digital gaming systems. Automated betting terminals and AI-powered online gaming platforms already handle the majority of business volume autonomously and securely. The human employee is necessary for monitoring legal compliance (minors, self-exclusion) and providing in-person service at the physical betting venue.", "census_2021_employed": 30393, "epa_2digit_empleo": 360200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 5983, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 3175, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 2808, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3541, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1504, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 2037, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 3653, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 6, "rescore_C": 7.2, "rescore_F": 7, "rescore_R": 4.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.21, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 7065735, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 31.0825, "rank_in_descending": 149, "cumulative_workers_descending": 7017695, "pct_workforce_descending": 30.8711 }, { "cno": "4443", "nombre": "Gaming room clerks and related", "sector": "Administration", "empleo": 27000, "empleo_v10": 5545, "empleo_delta_v11": 21455, "salario_medio_eur": 26741, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Substitution", "justificacion": "Casino and gaming hall employees manage tables and machines in physical leisure environments with high social interaction. AI monitors gameplay to detect fraud or addictive behaviors and automates machine payouts digitally. The entertainment component, physical table management (croupiers), and personal hospitality are the areas that protect this occupation from total digitization.", "census_2021_employed": 30393, "epa_2digit_empleo": 360200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 14281, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 5894, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 8387, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 4417, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1469, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 2948, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 4519, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3.8, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 8.5, "rescore_R": 4.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.92, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 221, "cumulative_workers_descending": 10893390, "pct_workforce_descending": 47.9205 }, { "cno": "4444", "nombre": "Pawnshop and loan clerks", "sector": "Administration", "empleo": 30, "empleo_v10": 5545, "empleo_delta_v11": -5515, "salario_medio_eur": 25896, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Substitution", "justificacion": "These employees appraise objects and manage pawn loans in a hybrid commercial and technical environment. AI assists in the valuation of standardized goods through computer vision and real-time market price analysis. The physical inspection of the authenticity and condition of unique objects (jewelry, antiques) and personal negotiation with clients in situations of financial need require human judgment and empathy.", "census_2021_employed": 30393, "epa_2digit_empleo": 360200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 16, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 5, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 11, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 17, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 3, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 14, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 14, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 5, "rescore_C": 6.5, "rescore_F": 7.2, "rescore_R": 4.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.68, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 200, "cumulative_workers_descending": 8379972, "pct_workforce_descending": 36.8638 }, { "cno": "4445", "nombre": "Bill collectors, debt collectors and related", "sector": "Administration", "empleo": 2187, "empleo_v10": 5545, "empleo_delta_v11": -3358, "salario_medio_eur": 25333, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Substitution", "justificacion": "Their work consists of collecting debts and recovering outstanding invoices through telephone and digital communication. AI already automates the sending of personalized reminders and makes initial collection calls through voice agents that negotiate simple payment plans. Complex debt recovery and judicial or personal negotiation in cases of critical insolvency continue to depend on the persuasive skill and judgment of a human collector.", "census_2021_employed": 30393, "epa_2digit_empleo": 360200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1157, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 514, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 643, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 637, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 361, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 276, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 646, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8, "rescore_C": 8.2, "rescore_F": 3.5, "rescore_R": 4.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 4.13, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 5890481, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 25.9125, "rank_in_descending": 111, "cumulative_workers_descending": 5885589, "pct_workforce_descending": 25.891 }, { "cno": "4446", "nombre": "Post office counter clerks", "sector": "Administration", "empleo": 42, "empleo_v10": 5545, "empleo_delta_v11": -5503, "salario_medio_eur": 24770, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Post office counter clerks serve the public, manage shipments, and sell postal products in physical offices. AI facilitates shipment sorting and automates payment and weighing through intelligent self-service terminals. The human component remains for advising on complex international shipments, managing in-person complaints, and performing physical logistics tasks behind the counter in the Spanish postal network.", "census_2021_employed": 30393, "epa_2digit_empleo": 360200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 22, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 5, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 17, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1316, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 344, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 972, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1411, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 5, "rescore_C": 6.8, "rescore_F": 6.2, "rescore_R": 6.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.57, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 252, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11125009, "pct_workforce_descending": 48.9394 }, { "cno": "4500", "nombre": "Administrative clerks with public-facing duties n.e.c.", "sector": "Administration", "empleo": 538626, "empleo_v10": 563484, "empleo_delta_v11": -24858, "salario_medio_eur": 23190, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 5.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Substitution", "justificacion": "This group encompasses various public-facing administrative workers who manage procedures and records in physical environments. AI and self-service terminals already enable most standard administrative procedures to be completed without human interaction. The survival of these positions depends on serving citizens with low digital literacy and resolving physical or legal incidents that require on-site human assessment.", "census_2021_employed": 472305, "epa_2digit_empleo": 538600, "sepe_contracts_2024": 292246, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 80951, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 211295, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 29275, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 5575, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 23700, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 27469, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "3.0-8.5", "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 7.2, "rescore_C": 7.8, "rescore_F": 5.2, "rescore_R": 1.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.77, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 5890481, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 25.9125, "rank_in_descending": 91, "cumulative_workers_descending": 5207841, "pct_workforce_descending": 22.9095 }, { "cno": "5000", "nombre": "Waiters and cooks (owners)", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 213395, "empleo_v10": 281723, "empleo_delta_v11": -68328, "salario_medio_eur": 23760, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "These owner-operators combine business management with the physical work of cooking and serving in the restaurant. AI helps with purchasing management and digital marketing for the establishment, but the core of the work is intensely physical and manual. The versatility to cook, wait tables, and solve real operational problems in the establishment protects this occupation due to the lack of affordable and versatile robotics for small businesses.", "census_2021_employed": 281961, "epa_2digit_empleo": 213400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 3083, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1494, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1589, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1795, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 865, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 930, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1763, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.75, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 331, "cumulative_workers_descending": 13994826, "pct_workforce_descending": 61.5638 }, { "cno": "5110", "nombre": "Cooks (salaried)", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 204002, "empleo_v10": 156807, "empleo_delta_v11": 47195, "salario_medio_eur": 16225, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Cooks perform food preparation and cooking tasks in physical and variable kitchen environments. Although kitchen robotics already automates repetitive processes in fast food (frying, assembling burgers), restaurant cooking requires manual dexterity and sensory judgment. Adapting to the pace of service and the creativity to adjust recipes on the spot based on the quality of fresh produce maintain the value of the human cook.", "census_2021_employed": 156924, "epa_2digit_empleo": 950900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 291791, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 156690, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 135101, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 135283, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 37703, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 97580, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 137486, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 2.5, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 2.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.22, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 332, "cumulative_workers_descending": 14198828, "pct_workforce_descending": 62.4612 }, { "cno": "5120", "nombre": "Waiters (salaried)", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 746878, "empleo_v10": 573984, "empleo_delta_v11": 172894, "salario_medio_eur": 15324, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "The work of a waiter consists of attending tables, transporting food and beverages, and managing the customer experience in a physical environment. Service robots exist that transport dishes in controlled environments, but they lack the human agility to navigate obstacles and the charisma for social service. Personal attention, commercial persuasion, and physical management of unexpected situations in the dining area are inherently human skills.", "census_2021_employed": 574518, "epa_2digit_empleo": 950900, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1578426, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 760111, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 818315, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 303030, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 121286, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 181744, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 302704, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.19, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 329, "cumulative_workers_descending": 13444122, "pct_workforce_descending": 59.1413 }, { "cno": "5210", "nombre": "Shop and store section supervisors", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 36446, "empleo_v10": 37252, "empleo_delta_v11": -806, "salario_medio_eur": 19831, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Section managers coordinate sales teams and manage stock in physical retail spaces. AI optimizes inventory and predicts consumer trends automatically, facilitating digital commercial decision-making. Direct supervision of sales staff, on-site resolution of customer conflicts, and maintaining the physical order of the section require in-person leadership that technology cannot replace.", "census_2021_employed": 37269, "epa_2digit_empleo": 934200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 13457, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 7187, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 6270, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 16120, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 5102, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 11018, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 16326, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 6.5, "rescore_C": 7.8, "rescore_F": 5.2, "rescore_R": 1.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.38, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 7065735, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 31.0825, "rank_in_descending": 142, "cumulative_workers_descending": 6853812, "pct_workforce_descending": 30.1502 }, { "cno": "5220", "nombre": "Shop and store sales assistants", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 897733, "empleo_v10": 917123, "empleo_delta_v11": -19390, "salario_medio_eur": 16225, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Shop assistants serve customers, advise on products, and manage payment in physical commercial environments. AI dominates online commerce and personalized recommendations, but in-person sales rely on eye contact and empathetic persuasion. The manual component of restocking products and physically helping customers try on garments or examine items protects this occupation from complete automation for now.", "census_2021_employed": 918009, "epa_2digit_empleo": 934200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 803787, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 227336, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 576451, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 810532, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 128756, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 681776, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 825588, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 4.8, "rescore_C": 5.8, "rescore_F": 6.5, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.75, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 201, "cumulative_workers_descending": 9277705, "pct_workforce_descending": 40.813 }, { "cno": "5300", "nombre": "Shop owners", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 314693, "empleo_v10": 351566, "empleo_delta_v11": -36873, "salario_medio_eur": 18929, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Small shop owners manage all aspects of the business, from the physical purchase of merchandise to the final sale. AI allows them to compete through the use of digital management tools and low-cost social media marketing. However, the core of their success in Spain is physical proximity, personal knowledge of the clientele, and the daily manual effort at the point of sale.", "census_2021_employed": 351873, "epa_2digit_empleo": 314700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 144, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 77, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 67, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1265, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 463, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 802, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1305, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 5, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 8, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.35, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 17725208, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 77.9739, "rank_in_descending": 406, "cumulative_workers_descending": 16143750, "pct_workforce_descending": 71.017 }, { "cno": "5411", "nombre": "Kiosk sellers", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 5167, "empleo_v10": 19228, "empleo_delta_v11": -14061, "salario_medio_eur": 16225, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Kiosk sales involve proximity-based physical work managing newspapers, lottery tickets, and various items in very small spaces. Digital systems already handle press returns and inventory management automatically. The occupation persists due to the low cost of human labor compared to the complex automation of a physical kiosk and the social and neighborhood service function these positions fulfill.", "census_2021_employed": 38472, "epa_2digit_empleo": 133800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2915, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1184, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1731, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1226, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 354, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 872, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1253, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 3.5, "rescore_C": 5.5, "rescore_F": 7, "rescore_R": 1.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.14, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 304, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12645669, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.6288 }, { "cno": "5412", "nombre": "Occasional market and flea market sellers", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 18199, "empleo_v10": 19227, "empleo_delta_v11": -1028, "salario_medio_eur": 16225, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Market stall vendors carry out an intensely physical activity of setting up stalls, transporting merchandise, and selling through social bargaining. No AI or robotics technology exists that can operate profitably in the chaotic, outdoor, and variable environment of a traveling street market. Human persuasive ability and physical endurance for working outdoors are the key factors protecting this profession.", "census_2021_employed": 38472, "epa_2digit_empleo": 133800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 10268, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 4981, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 5287, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 6216, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 3630, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 2586, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 6375, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 2.2, "rescore_C": 3.8, "rescore_F": 8.5, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.49, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 282, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12424992, "pct_workforce_descending": 54.6581 }, { "cno": "5420", "nombre": "Telemarketing operators", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 5336, "empleo_v10": 17565, "empleo_delta_v11": -12229, "salario_medio_eur": 15865, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 7.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Substitution", "justificacion": "Telemarketing work consists of making outbound calls to sell products following strict digital scripts. This occupation is extremely vulnerable to generative voice AI, which can make thousands of simultaneous calls with a persuasive tone of voice and respond to common objections. Regulations against telephone spam and customer preference for human interaction are the only barriers slowing down total automation.", "census_2021_employed": 17571, "epa_2digit_empleo": 133800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 28295, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 10462, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 17833, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 7912, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1007, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 6905, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 8338, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9.5, "rescore_C": 9, "rescore_F": 0, "rescore_R": 2.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 7.48, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 2666360, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 11.7294, "rank_in_descending": 32, "cumulative_workers_descending": 2647735, "pct_workforce_descending": 11.6475 }, { "cno": "5430", "nombre": "Petrol station attendants", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 11206, "empleo_v10": 36887, "empleo_delta_v11": -25681, "salario_medio_eur": 16225, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Gas station attendants perform refueling, manage payment, and maintain the station shop in a physical environment. Self-service stations and AI-powered pump payment systems have already automated much of this occupation. The human presence in Spain is maintained for safety reasons, customer services (car wash, air), and to comply with local accessibility regulations.", "census_2021_employed": 36903, "epa_2digit_empleo": 133800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 30995, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 15292, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 15703, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 16385, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 9751, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 6634, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 15918, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 3.8, "rescore_C": 6.2, "rescore_F": 6.8, "rescore_R": 3.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.25, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 230, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11045713, "pct_workforce_descending": 48.5906 }, { "cno": "5491", "nombre": "Door-to-door sellers", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 2630, "empleo_v10": 19313, "empleo_delta_v11": -16683, "salario_medio_eur": 16225, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Door-to-door sales require physical travel, product presentation, and face-to-face commercial persuasion. Although AI helps plan sales routes and segment neighborhoods with the highest potential, closing the sale depends on direct human interaction. The ability to read the social context of a household and generate immediate trust are skills that AI cannot replicate on someone's doorstep.", "census_2021_employed": 77295, "epa_2digit_empleo": 133800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 3116, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2280, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 836, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 420, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 222, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 198, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 461, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 4, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 7.8, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.33, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 243, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11116417, "pct_workforce_descending": 48.9016 }, { "cno": "5492", "nombre": "Sales promoters", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 60072, "empleo_v10": 19312, "empleo_delta_v11": 40760, "salario_medio_eur": 16225, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Sales promoters conduct product demonstrations in shopping centers or physical events to attract customers. Their work is based on charisma, public speaking, and the physical handling of products in front of a live audience. AI can generate promotional avatars on screens, but a human promoter's ability to physically attract the attention of passersby and answer questions on the spot maintains their commercial effectiveness.", "census_2021_employed": 77295, "epa_2digit_empleo": 133800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 71183, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 21529, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 49654, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 11366, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 503, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 10863, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 12041, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 5, "rescore_C": 6.8, "rescore_F": 6, "rescore_R": 0.8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.35, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 169, "cumulative_workers_descending": 8048865, "pct_workforce_descending": 35.4073 }, { "cno": "5493", "nombre": "Fashion, art and advertising models", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 5798, "empleo_v10": 19312, "empleo_delta_v11": -13514, "salario_medio_eur": 17127, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Models lend their physical image for advertising and art, working in studio or outdoor environments. Generative AI (GANs and diffusion models) already creates perfect 'virtual models' for catalogs and digital advertising without the need for physical photo sessions. The value of the human model lies in runway shows (live physical events), complex dramatic performance, and the authenticity required by certain luxury or ethical fashion brands.", "census_2021_employed": 77295, "epa_2digit_empleo": 133800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 6870, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2667, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 4203, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 484, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 164, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 320, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 516, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 5.5, "rescore_C": 8.8, "rescore_F": 6.2, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 3.13, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 7065735, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 31.0825, "rank_in_descending": 152, "cumulative_workers_descending": 7036660, "pct_workforce_descending": 30.9546 }, { "cno": "5499", "nombre": "Sellers n.e.c.", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 25390, "empleo_v10": 19312, "empleo_delta_v11": 6078, "salario_medio_eur": 16225, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "This group encompasses various salespeople who perform commercial tasks in physical environments or through direct communication channels. AI facilitates lead management and personalization of digital offers, but the execution of the sale usually requires a human close. Physical adaptability and social intelligence to detect sales opportunities in the real world protect these occupations from pure algorithmic automation.", "census_2021_employed": 77295, "epa_2digit_empleo": 133800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 30087, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 14162, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 15925, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1114, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 562, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 552, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1108, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": 5, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-rescaled", "rescore_range": "2.5-7.5", "rescore_cluster": "5.0", "rescore_D": 4.8, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 6.5, "rescore_R": 1.2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.81, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 222, "cumulative_workers_descending": 10918780, "pct_workforce_descending": 48.0322 }, { "cno": "5500", "nombre": "Cashiers and ticket clerks (except banks)", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 184196, "empleo_v10": 120811, "empleo_delta_v11": 63385, "salario_medio_eur": 18182, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 6, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Substitution", "justificacion": "Cashiers and ticket clerks manage payments and issue tickets in high-turnover physical environments. Self-checkout machines, mobile scanning, and AI-powered online ticket sales have already automated much of their work. The human employee is reserved for handling technical payment incidents, verifying ages for alcohol or restricted ticket sales, and providing support to customers with technical difficulties.", "census_2021_employed": 120894, "epa_2digit_empleo": 184200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 107904, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 29340, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 78564, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 222266, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 25908, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 196358, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 226710, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 5, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 8, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 4669215, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 20.5401, "rank_in_descending": 65, "cumulative_workers_descending": 3822129, "pct_workforce_descending": 16.8137 }, { "cno": "5611", "nombre": "Hospital nursing assistants", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 242057, "empleo_v10": 133875, "empleo_delta_v11": 108182, "salario_medio_eur": 21694, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Hospital nursing assistants provide direct basic care, patient mobilization, and hygiene in critical physical environments. This is intensely physical work requiring strength, manual delicacy, and constant empathy with suffering patients. Current robotics is far from being able to manipulate sick human bodies with the necessary safety and sensitivity, making this profession essentially in-person and human.", "census_2021_employed": 267972, "epa_2digit_empleo": 520100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 204393, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 27724, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 176669, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 94120, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 7531, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 86589, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 99108, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2.5, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 7, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.24, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 441, "cumulative_workers_descending": 18578514, "pct_workforce_descending": 81.7277 }, { "cno": "5612", "nombre": "Primary care nursing assistants", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 44671, "empleo_v10": 133874, "empleo_delta_v11": -89203, "salario_medio_eur": 21694, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "These assistants support primary care centers, performing physical clinical support tasks and direct patient care. Their work includes taking vital signs, dressing simple wounds, and physically accompanying patients during consultations. AI can help with recording medical data, but the physical interaction and emotional support provided to patients in the community setting are tasks that cannot be digitally automated.", "census_2021_employed": 267972, "epa_2digit_empleo": 520100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 37720, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 4764, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 32956, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 7842, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 570, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 7272, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 8066, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 3.5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 7, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.38, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 458, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20693595, "pct_workforce_descending": 91.032 }, { "cno": "5621", "nombre": "Pharmacy assistants", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 32926, "empleo_v10": 48431, "empleo_delta_v11": -15505, "salario_medio_eur": 20661, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Pharmacy assistants support medication management and customer service in the physical setting of the pharmacy. Although AI and robotics automate storage and drug verification, in-person dispensing requires human oversight. Physical assistance to the pharmacist in preparing compounded medications and personal interaction with neighborhood patients ensure the continuity of human work.", "census_2021_employed": 145398, "epa_2digit_empleo": 520100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 26489, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 4115, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 22374, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 11206, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1489, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 9717, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 11043, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 5, "rescore_C": 5.5, "rescore_F": 8, "rescore_R": 7.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.03, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 459, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20726521, "pct_workforce_descending": 91.1768 }, { "cno": "5622", "nombre": "Emergency medical technicians", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 22400, "empleo_v10": 48431, "empleo_delta_v11": -26031, "salario_medio_eur": 23760, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Emergency medical technicians operate in unpredictable, high-stress physical environments, performing rescues and first aid. This occupation requires extreme physical strength, the ability to drive in critical situations, and rapid manual decision-making to save lives. AI assists in navigation and communication with the hospital, but physical intervention at the accident scene is exclusively human.", "census_2021_employed": 145398, "epa_2digit_empleo": 520100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 18021, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 11427, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 6594, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2380, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1230, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1150, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2416, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.27, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 462, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20807657, "pct_workforce_descending": 91.5338 }, { "cno": "5629", "nombre": "Healthcare personal care workers n.e.c.", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 178036, "empleo_v10": 48431, "empleo_delta_v11": 129605, "salario_medio_eur": 18595, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "This group encompasses healthcare workers who perform physical support tasks in various healthcare settings. Their functions are eminently manual and in-person, centered on the immediate physical well-being of the people in their care. The variability of human behavior in illness contexts and the need for an empathetic physical response make automation technically and ethically unfeasible in this sector.", "census_2021_employed": 145398, "epa_2digit_empleo": 520100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 143231, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 29117, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 114114, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 82602, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 12916, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 69686, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 84291, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 2.5, "rescore_F": 9.5, "rescore_R": 6, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.18, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 446, "cumulative_workers_descending": 19666263, "pct_workforce_descending": 86.5127 }, { "cno": "5710", "nombre": "Home-based personal care workers", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 223912, "empleo_v10": 123511, "empleo_delta_v11": 100401, "salario_medio_eur": 16000, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Home care workers assist dependent persons with their basic daily activities (hygiene, feeding, mobility) in the home environment. This is purely physical and relational work requiring patience and adaptive manual dexterity that no AI possesses. The loneliness of elderly people in Spain makes the human companionship component as valued as the physical care itself, shielding the profession.", "census_2021_employed": 123597, "epa_2digit_empleo": 462100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 172534, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 8769, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 163765, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 103690, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 5138, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 98552, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 108253, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1.5, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 4, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.12, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 444, "cumulative_workers_descending": 19269127, "pct_workforce_descending": 84.7657 }, { "cno": "5721", "nombre": "Childcare workers in nurseries and educational centres", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 236076, "empleo_v10": 32850, "empleo_delta_v11": 203226, "salario_medio_eur": 15800, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Childcare workers in nurseries are responsible for the physical well-being and safety of young children in a physical play and learning environment. The work involves constant tasks of hygiene, feeding, and physical preventive surveillance against accidents. The impossibility of delegating the care of small children to machines for reasons of safety, ethics, and child emotional development ensures the total in-person nature of this human role.", "census_2021_employed": 65736, "epa_2digit_empleo": 462100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 152401, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 21352, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 131049, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 117456, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2928, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 114528, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 122902, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1.5, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 9.5, "rescore_R": 6, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.11, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 442, "cumulative_workers_descending": 18814590, "pct_workforce_descending": 82.7662 }, { "cno": "5722", "nombre": "Childcare workers in homes", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 2102, "empleo_v10": 32849, "empleo_delta_v11": -30747, "salario_medio_eur": 15800, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Childcare in private homes requires total physical supervision and constant adaptation to the child's needs in a private environment. AI can offer educational games or monitor sleep, but it cannot physically intervene in the face of danger or provide necessary affection. Parents' trust in a human caregiver for the safety of their children at home is an insurmountable barrier to automation.", "census_2021_employed": 65736, "epa_2digit_empleo": 462100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1357, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 155, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1202, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 73166, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 948, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 72218, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 75639, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.09, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 476, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20934418, "pct_workforce_descending": 92.0914 }, { "cno": "5811", "nombre": "Hairdressers", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 86733, "empleo_v10": 115582, "empleo_delta_v11": -28849, "salario_medio_eur": 18182, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Hairdressing is a purely physical artisanal profession requiring fine manual dexterity and subjective aesthetic judgment in real time. Although AI assists through digital hairstyle simulators, the technical execution of cutting and styling on real human hair is extremely complex for robotics. The social component of hairdressing in Spain, as a space for conversation and trust, reinforces its distinctly human nature.", "census_2021_employed": 231351, "epa_2digit_empleo": 487500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 37031, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 12961, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 24070, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 64566, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 6579, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 57987, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 66235, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 1.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.09, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 22732223, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 100, "rank_in_descending": 493, "cumulative_workers_descending": 22461033, "pct_workforce_descending": 98.807 }, { "cno": "5812", "nombre": "Beauty, wellness and related treatment specialists", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 97324, "empleo_v10": 115581, "empleo_delta_v11": -18257, "salario_medio_eur": 18595, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Beauty specialists perform facial and body treatments, manicures, and massages in physical wellness environments. These tasks require a highly developed sense of touch, manual precision, and constant physical adaptation to each client's physiology. AI can help with skin diagnosis, but the manual application of beauty treatments is a physical experience that clients demand from human hands.", "census_2021_employed": 231351, "epa_2digit_empleo": 487500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 41553, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 3658, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 37895, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 42962, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1138, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 41824, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 42508, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 2.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.18, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 449, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20103342, "pct_workforce_descending": 88.4354 }, { "cno": "5821", "nombre": "Flight attendants and ship and train stewards", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 6786, "empleo_v10": 6912, "empleo_delta_v11": -126, "salario_medio_eur": 25826, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Flight attendants and transport stewards manage the safety and comfort of passengers in a physical environment in motion. Although meal service could be partially automated, their primary function is evacuation and first aid in case of emergency. The human presence in the cabin is a legal safety requirement and a factor of psychological reassurance for travelers that AI cannot replace.", "census_2021_employed": 34575, "epa_2digit_empleo": 487500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 7510, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2416, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 5094, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3379, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1134, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 2245, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 3088, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 3.5, "rescore_F": 9.5, "rescore_R": 7, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.36, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 471, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20912340, "pct_workforce_descending": 91.9943 }, { "cno": "5822", "nombre": "Land transport inspectors and fare collectors", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 1600, "empleo_v10": 6912, "empleo_delta_v11": -5312, "salario_medio_eur": 18595, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Transport inspectors and fare collectors operate in the physical environments of trains and buses, verifying transport tickets and handling incidents. Digital validation systems and automatic turnstiles with AI have already drastically reduced the need for manual collectors. Their current role in Spain focuses on onboard public safety, assistance to passengers with reduced mobility, and manual control in highly complex areas.", "census_2021_employed": 34575, "epa_2digit_empleo": 487500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1771, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 754, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1017, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 425, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 187, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 238, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 413, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4.5, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 8, "rescore_R": 4.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.46, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 479, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20939501, "pct_workforce_descending": 92.1137 }, { "cno": "5823", "nombre": "Tour escorts", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 3187, "empleo_v10": 6912, "empleo_delta_v11": -3725, "salario_medio_eur": 18595, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Tour escorts guide groups on trips and excursions, handling physical logistics and group engagement. AI can offer audio guides and smart maps, but it cannot manage real contingencies such as transport delays or a traveler's health problems. The ability to create group cohesion and convey passion for the destination are human skills that define the quality of the trip.", "census_2021_employed": 34575, "epa_2digit_empleo": 487500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 3527, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1253, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 2274, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2392, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 643, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1749, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2336, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 8.5, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.17, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 475, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20932316, "pct_workforce_descending": 92.0821 }, { "cno": "5824", "nombre": "Ground hostesses and hosts", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 47025, "empleo_v10": 6912, "empleo_delta_v11": 40113, "salario_medio_eur": 18595, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Ground crew manage passenger flow at airports and stations, performing check-in and boarding tasks in physical environments. Self-service check-in kiosks and AI facial recognition already perform much of their technical work autonomously. The value of the human professional lies in crisis resolution (canceled flights), assistance to vulnerable persons, and manual management of tense situations in the terminal.", "census_2021_employed": 34575, "epa_2digit_empleo": 487500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 52045, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 14967, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 37078, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 8137, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 785, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 7352, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 8216, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 5.5, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 7, "rescore_R": 4.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.22, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 457, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20648924, "pct_workforce_descending": 90.8355 }, { "cno": "5825", "nombre": "Tour guides", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 10169, "empleo_v10": 6912, "empleo_delta_v11": 3257, "salario_medio_eur": 18595, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Tour guides explain cultural and natural heritage to visitors in real physical environments. Although AI voice technology and augmented reality offer precise historical explanations, they lack the capacity for improvisation and the emotional narrative of a human guide. The ability to answer unexpected questions and adapt the discourse to the group's interest and energy keeps the human guide as the preferred option for cultural tourism.", "census_2021_employed": 34575, "epa_2digit_empleo": 487500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 11255, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 4571, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 6684, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 11625, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 3271, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 8354, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 11211, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 5, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 7.5, "rescore_R": 4.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.94, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 467, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20882556, "pct_workforce_descending": 91.8632 }, { "cno": "5831", "nombre": "Maintenance and cleaning supervisors in offices, hotels and other establishments", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 27215, "empleo_v10": 32334, "empleo_delta_v11": -5119, "salario_medio_eur": 18595, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "These supervisors coordinate cleaning and maintenance teams in large physical establishments, ensuring hygiene and operational readiness. AI assists in shift planning and monitoring the condition of facilities through IoT sensors. The need to perform detailed physical visual inspections and to lead staff in heavy and variable manual tasks ensures the human supervisor maintains an essential operational role.", "census_2021_employed": 97062, "epa_2digit_empleo": 487500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 19062, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 11940, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 7122, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3460, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 353, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 3107, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 3583, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 5, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 7.5, "rescore_R": 2.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.91, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 461, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20785257, "pct_workforce_descending": 91.4352 }, { "cno": "5832", "nombre": "Domestic service butlers", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 157, "empleo_v10": 32333, "empleo_delta_v11": -32176, "salario_medio_eur": 18595, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Butlers manage the complete operation of households or luxury services, combining administrative tasks with direct physical supervision. AI can manage home automation and supplies, but excellence in luxury service depends on human attention to detail and personal discretion. The ability to anticipate the employer's physical and social needs in a private setting requires a very sophisticated social intelligence.", "census_2021_employed": 97062, "epa_2digit_empleo": 487500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 110, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 20, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 90, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 57, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 35, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 22, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 54, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.78, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 486, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20944079, "pct_workforce_descending": 92.1339 }, { "cno": "5833", "nombre": "Building caretakers", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 88458, "empleo_v10": 32333, "empleo_delta_v11": 56125, "salario_medio_eur": 19008, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Building caretakers monitor access points, manage correspondence, and perform minor repairs in physical residential or office environments. AI-powered surveillance systems and smart lockers have already automated much of the security and parcel delivery functions. The caretaker figure in Spain endures due to neighborhood trust, the versatility to resolve immediate physical breakdowns, and the human management of community coexistence.", "census_2021_employed": 97062, "epa_2digit_empleo": 487500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 61957, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 42806, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 19151, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 174719, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 80381, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 94338, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 175911, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 5.5, "rescore_F": 8.5, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.85, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 451, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20283718, "pct_workforce_descending": 89.2289 }, { "cno": "5840", "nombre": "Small accommodation owners/operators", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 885, "empleo_v10": 2226, "empleo_delta_v11": -1341, "salario_medio_eur": 18595, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Owners of small rural lodgings or guesthouses physically manage all tasks, from cleaning to guest reception. AI helps them with online marketing and reservation management, allowing them to compete in the digital market. The core of their work is in-person and manual, based on personal hospitality and the constant physical maintenance of facilities in often isolated environments.", "census_2021_employed": 2226, "epa_2digit_empleo": 487500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 44, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 11, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 33, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 50, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 20, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 30, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 57, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 6.5, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 7, "rescore_R": 3.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.79, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 481, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20941880, "pct_workforce_descending": 92.1242 }, { "cno": "5891", "nombre": "Personal assistants or companions", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 20872, "empleo_v10": 8233, "empleo_delta_v11": 12639, "salario_medio_eur": 18595, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Personal companions provide social support and basic physical assistance to people who live alone or have difficulties. This occupation is purely human and in-person, focused on combating loneliness and ensuring the physical safety of the assisted person. AI can offer voice interaction (smart assistants), but it lacks the physical contact, affection, and real intervention capacity that define this human companionship work.", "census_2021_employed": 49419, "epa_2digit_empleo": 487500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 10776, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2422, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 8354, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 69315, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 3837, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 65478, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 69914, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 8, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.68, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 22732223, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 100, "rank_in_descending": 497, "cumulative_workers_descending": 22700021, "pct_workforce_descending": 99.8583 }, { "cno": "5892", "nombre": "Funeral home workers and embalmers", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 8298, "empleo_v10": 8233, "empleo_delta_v11": 65, "salario_medio_eur": 18595, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Funeral home employees perform physical tasks of preparing the deceased and managing ceremonies in environments of high emotional sensitivity. AI can help with administrative management and the design of memorial items, but handling the human body and interacting with grieving families is exclusively human. The gravity, respect, and manual skill required for embalming and funeral rites protect this occupation.", "census_2021_employed": 49419, "epa_2digit_empleo": 487500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 4284, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2602, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1682, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3160, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1078, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 2082, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2997, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 3.5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 7, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.38, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 468, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20890854, "pct_workforce_descending": 91.8997 }, { "cno": "5893", "nombre": "Animal caretakers and trainers", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 8497, "empleo_v10": 8232, "empleo_delta_v11": 265, "salario_medio_eur": 18595, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Animal caretakers and trainers work in direct physical contact with living beings in variable environments such as clinics, zoos, or training centers. Handling animals requires an intuitive reading of physical behavior and a quick manual response to ensure safety and welfare. AI is useful for monitoring animal health through data, but training and direct care are irreplaceable human physical tasks.", "census_2021_employed": 49419, "epa_2digit_empleo": 487500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 4387, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1928, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 2459, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 7881, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2716, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 5165, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 7574, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.17, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 22732223, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 100, "rank_in_descending": 500, "cumulative_workers_descending": 22729771, "pct_workforce_descending": 99.9892 }, { "cno": "5894", "nombre": "Driving school instructors", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 5441, "empleo_v10": 8232, "empleo_delta_v11": -2791, "salario_medio_eur": 18595, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Driving instructors teach vehicle operation in real traffic environments, physically supervising the student's actions in the car. Although AI-powered driving simulators are advanced, teaching in the real world requires constant physical vigilance to prevent accidents. The ability to convey calm and to intervene on the vehicle controls in milliseconds ensures the need for an in-person human instructor.", "census_2021_employed": 49419, "epa_2digit_empleo": 487500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2809, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1972, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 837, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 947, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 474, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 473, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 977, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 7, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.72, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 473, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20923804, "pct_workforce_descending": 92.0447 }, { "cno": "5895", "nombre": "Astrologers, fortune tellers and related", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 23, "empleo_v10": 8232, "empleo_delta_v11": -8209, "salario_medio_eur": 18595, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Astrologers and fortune tellers offer advice based on spiritual beliefs through direct personal interaction with their clients. Although AI systems exist that generate automated horoscopes and tarot readings, the value of the service lies in the mystical and emotional human connection. Demand in this sector is based on the search for personal meaning, something clients rarely accept from a purely logical machine.", "census_2021_employed": 49419, "epa_2digit_empleo": 487500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 12, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 5, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 7, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 47, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 10, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 37, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 41, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8, "rescore_C": 9, "rescore_F": 1, "rescore_R": 0, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 6.84, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 487, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20944102, "pct_workforce_descending": 92.134 }, { "cno": "5899", "nombre": "Personal services workers n.e.c.", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 74819, "empleo_v10": 8232, "empleo_delta_v11": 66587, "salario_medio_eur": 18595, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "This heterogeneous group of personal service workers performs highly varied manual and physical accompaniment tasks. Their functions are eminently in-person and depend on direct physical interaction with people or objects in the real world. As these are low-digital-level tasks with high operational variability, AI does not offer cost-effective automation solutions, keeping these occupations as refuges for human manual labor.", "census_2021_employed": 49419, "epa_2digit_empleo": 487500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 38628, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 20271, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 18357, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3801, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2127, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1674, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 3822, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 2.5, "rescore_F": 8, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.28, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 22732223, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 100, "rank_in_descending": 495, "cumulative_workers_descending": 22612432, "pct_workforce_descending": 99.473 }, { "cno": "5910", "nombre": "Civil guards", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 78173, "empleo_v10": 90632, "empleo_delta_v11": -12459, "salario_medio_eur": 38000, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Civil guards carry out security and control duties in diverse physical environments (roads, borders, rural areas), integrating operational digital technology. AI assists in vehicle identification and risk analysis at borders, improving surveillance through drones and smart cameras. Physical authority on the ground, physical intervention in crimes, and tactical judgment in armed or civil conflict situations are purely human functions.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 512800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 3, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 3, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 0, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 36, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 30, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 6, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 31, "employment_method": "admin_override|Anuario_MIR_2023", "employment_confidence": "A+", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4.5, "rescore_C": 4.5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 9, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.61, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "empleo_v13": 7, "admin_source": "Anuario Estadístico del Ministerio del Interior 2023", "admin_source_ref": "Tabla 3-12-4, p. 280", "admin_source_url": "https://www.interior.gob.es/opencms/es/archivos-y-documentacion/documentacion-y-publicaciones/publicaciones-descargables/publicaciones-periodicas/anuario-estadistico-del-ministerio-del-interior/", "admin_reference_date": "2023-12-31", "admin_confidence": "High", "admin_notes": "Active service personnel. Boletín AAPP alternative: 78,629 (incl. admin/reserve).", "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 208, "cumulative_workers_descending": 10308068, "pct_workforce_descending": 45.3456 }, { "cno": "5921", "nombre": "National police officers", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 75791, "empleo_v10": 90632, "empleo_delta_v11": -14841, "salario_medio_eur": 42000, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "National police officers protect public safety and conduct investigations in physical urban environments with strong support from digital databases. AI helps with biometric recognition and the prediction of criminal patterns in Spanish cities in an automated manner. On-foot patrol, resolution of physical street disturbances, and direct protection of citizens' rights require the presence and discernment of human officers.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 512800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 0, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 50, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 37, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 13, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 51, "employment_method": "admin_override|Boletin_AAPP_Ene2024", "employment_confidence": "A+", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 5, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 9, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.76, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "empleo_v13": 2, "admin_source": "Boletín Estadístico del Personal AAPP (Enero 2024)", "admin_source_ref": "Tabla 3.3, p. 118", "admin_source_url": "https://www.hacienda.gob.es/es-ES/CDI/Paginas/EmpleoPublico/BolsaEmpleo/BoletinEstadistico.aspx", "admin_reference_date": "2023-12-31", "admin_confidence": "High", "admin_notes": "Includes Policía adscrita (Unidades adscritas a CCAA). Not separable as distinct line.", "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 209, "cumulative_workers_descending": 10383859, "pct_workforce_descending": 45.679 }, { "cno": "5922", "nombre": "Regional police officers", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 27597, "empleo_v10": 90632, "empleo_delta_v11": -63035, "salario_medio_eur": 42000, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Regional police forces exercise comprehensive security functions in their territories, operating at the interface between digital surveillance and direct physical action. AI optimizes patrol deployment and facilitates digital forensic analysis in criminal investigations. Crowd management at public events, response to physical security emergencies, and on-site mediation of citizen conflicts maintain the essential human component of police work.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 512800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 9, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 7, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 2, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 31, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 20, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 11, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 42, "employment_method": "admin_override|multi_source_aggregate", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 5, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 9, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.76, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "empleo_v13": 20, "admin_source": "Aggregate: Ertzaintza (Parlamento Vasco) + Mossos (Idescat) + Foral (Gob. Navarra) + Canaria (Gob. Canarias)", "admin_source_ref": "Ertzaintza=7302 (Dec 2024), Mossos=19029 (2024), Foral=1116 (2022), Canaria=150 (Jul 2023)", "admin_source_url": "Multiple — see admin_source_ref breakdown", "admin_reference_date": "2024-12-31", "admin_confidence": "High (Ertzaintza, Mossos) / Medium (Foral, Canaria)", "admin_notes": "Component breakdown: Ertzaintza 7,302 + Mossos d'Esquadra 19,029 + Policía Foral 1,116 + Policía Canaria 150 = 27,597.", "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 220, "cumulative_workers_descending": 10866390, "pct_workforce_descending": 47.8017 }, { "cno": "5923", "nombre": "Local police officers", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 66250, "empleo_v10": 90632, "empleo_delta_v11": -24382, "salario_medio_eur": 36000, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Local police focus on urban coexistence, traffic, and community safety in municipalities, in an intensely physical and social role. AI helps with intelligent traffic management and monitoring of public spaces through cameras, but neighborhood mediation is human. The immediate response to noise complaints, urban accidents, and on-foot surveillance in neighborhoods protect this occupation from total digital automation.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 512800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 250, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 196, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 54, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 280, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 201, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 79, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 252, "employment_method": "admin_override|Revista_INAP_2024", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 8.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.51, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "empleo_v13": 556, "admin_source": "Revista INAP (Instituto Nacional de Administración Pública)", "admin_source_ref": "p. 5, 2024 publication", "admin_source_url": "https://www.inap.es/", "admin_reference_date": "2024-01-01", "admin_confidence": "Medium", "admin_notes": "Academic source citing official data. Wikipedia cites >75,000 for 2024; INAP figure selected as more rigorous.", "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 211, "cumulative_workers_descending": 10518758, "pct_workforce_descending": 46.2725 }, { "cno": "5931", "nombre": "Firefighters (except forestry)", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 6023, "empleo_v10": 90632, "empleo_delta_v11": -84609, "salario_medio_eur": 42000, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Urban firefighters perform rescues and fire suppression in extreme-risk physical environments that require strength and adaptive manual dexterity. AI assists through sensors in suits that monitor vital signs and thermal cameras that analyze fire sources from drones. However, the physical entry into burning buildings, rescue of persons, and handling of heavy tools in critical situations are exclusively human tasks.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 512800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2708, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2590, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 118, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 631, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 585, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 46, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 517, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 7, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.2, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 472, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20918363, "pct_workforce_descending": 92.0208 }, { "cno": "5932", "nombre": "Forestry firefighters", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 7186, "empleo_v10": 90632, "empleo_delta_v11": -83446, "salario_medio_eur": 42000, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Wildland firefighters work on fire suppression in rugged natural environments, an intensely physical outdoor job. AI is crucial for predicting fire spread based on wind and biomass, optimizing the deployment of aerial and ground resources. The manual work of creating firebreaks with physical tools and the direct fight against flames in the wilderness demand a human endurance and operational capacity that cannot be automated.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 512800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 3231, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 3000, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 231, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3312, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2943, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 369, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2897, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 7, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.13, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 470, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20905554, "pct_workforce_descending": 91.9644 }, { "cno": "5941", "nombre": "Armed security guards and similar", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 191552, "empleo_v10": 90632, "empleo_delta_v11": 100920, "salario_medio_eur": 22500, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Armed security guards protect critical infrastructure and valuables in physical environments with high legal and operational responsibility. AI improves perimeter surveillance through intelligent intruder detection systems that automatically filter false alarms. The capacity for armed physical response, critical decision-making under pressure, and the authority to intervene in real security incidents maintain the need for human guards.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 512800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 86125, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 68527, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 17598, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 16977, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 13843, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 3134, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 17212, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.5, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 203, "cumulative_workers_descending": 9806796, "pct_workforce_descending": 43.1405 }, { "cno": "5942", "nombre": "Unarmed security guard assistants and similar", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 141169, "empleo_v10": 90632, "empleo_delta_v11": 50537, "salario_medio_eur": 22500, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Security auxiliaries guard entrances and physical premises, relying on observation and in-person deterrence with the support of digital monitors. Computer vision systems already automatically detect suspicious behavior or unauthorized access on security cameras. The role persists due to the need for a physical presence to issue warnings, assist users, and verify incidents that software cannot resolve on its own.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 512800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 63472, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 47513, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 15959, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 85920, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 57145, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 28775, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 88397, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3.5, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.87, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 204, "cumulative_workers_descending": 9947965, "pct_workforce_descending": 43.7615 }, { "cno": "5991", "nombre": "Prison guards", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 21797, "empleo_v10": 90632, "empleo_delta_v11": -68835, "salario_medio_eur": 38000, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Prison guards oversee inmates in correctional facilities, a high-tension physical and relational job in confined environments. AI automates biometric headcount control and monitors common areas through video analytics to prevent disturbances. The human management of conflict situations, inmate rehabilitation, and immediate physical intervention in fights or riots are tasks that require the firmness and empathy of human officers.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 512800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 45, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 37, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 8, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 112, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 46, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 66, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 127, "employment_method": "admin_override|SGIP_via_AcademiaPrisiones_2024", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3.5, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 9.5, "rescore_R": 9, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.4, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "empleo_v13": 100, "admin_source": "Academia de Prisiones (citing SGIP data)", "admin_source_ref": "2024 data", "admin_source_url": "https://www.academiaprisiones.com/", "admin_reference_date": "2024-01-01", "admin_confidence": "Medium", "admin_notes": "Based on official Secretaría General de Instituciones Penitenciarias data.", "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 223, "cumulative_workers_descending": 10940577, "pct_workforce_descending": 48.1281 }, { "cno": "5992", "nombre": "Lifeguards", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 114486, "empleo_v10": 90632, "empleo_delta_v11": 23854, "salario_medio_eur": 18000, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Lifeguards monitor physical bathing areas to prevent accidents and perform immediate aquatic rescues, a role of surveillance and physical strength. AI assists through smart cameras that detect drowning patterns in pools or beaches and acoustically alert the lifeguard. The physical rescue in water, application of resuscitation techniques (CPR), and management of panic in the real environment depend entirely on human capability.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 512800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 51475, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 38211, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 13264, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 9110, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 6636, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 2474, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 8704, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 2.5, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.09, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 205, "cumulative_workers_descending": 10062451, "pct_workforce_descending": 44.2651 }, { "cno": "5993", "nombre": "Forestry and environmental agents", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 3261, "empleo_v10": 90632, "empleo_delta_v11": -87371, "salario_medio_eur": 35000, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Forest rangers monitor the natural environment and enforce environmental laws, combining physical patrol with the use of GPS technology and drones. AI analyzes forest sounds to automatically detect shots from poachers or illegal chainsaws. The authority to issue sanctions, physical terrain inspection, and direct protection of protected species on-site maintain the value of this human field professional.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 512800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1466, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1225, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 241, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2706, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2209, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 497, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2471, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4, "rescore_C": 5.5, "rescore_F": 8, "rescore_R": 6.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.89, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 241, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11110775, "pct_workforce_descending": 48.8768 }, { "cno": "5999", "nombre": "Protective services workers n.e.c.", "sector": "Services", "empleo": 48428, "empleo_v10": 90631, "empleo_delta_v11": -42203, "salario_medio_eur": 26000, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "This group encompasses various security workers who perform surveillance and protection tasks in diverse physical environments. AI optimizes the digital monitoring of alarms and access points, reducing the need for constant human observation of screens. However, the need for a physical in-person response to any real security breach ensures that these occupations maintain an indispensable human operational component.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 512800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 21774, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 17239, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 4535, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3188, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1706, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1482, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 3139, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2.5, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 4.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.43, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 213, "cumulative_workers_descending": 10619580, "pct_workforce_descending": 46.716 }, { "cno": "6110", "nombre": "Skilled agricultural workers (except in gardens, greenhouses, nurseries and orchards)", "sector": "Agriculture", "empleo": 185462, "empleo_v10": 66370, "empleo_delta_v11": 119092, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Skilled agricultural workers manage extensive crops, operating heavy machinery and performing physical sowing and harvesting tasks. AI applied to autonomous tractors and smart seeders already automates a large part of the physical work on large agricultural areas in Spain. The human worker is needed for on-site mechanical supervision, response to weather contingencies, and technical crop management that requires detailed human visual observation.", "census_2021_employed": 154860, "epa_2digit_empleo": 294400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 116119, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 84383, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 31736, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 42068, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 22863, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 19205, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 44763, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 9.5, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.4, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 334, "cumulative_workers_descending": 14578309, "pct_workforce_descending": 64.1306 }, { "cno": "6120", "nombre": "Skilled workers in gardens, greenhouses, nurseries and orchards", "sector": "Agriculture", "empleo": 108873, "empleo_v10": 46614, "empleo_delta_v11": 62259, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "This work in market gardens and greenhouses requires more delicate and frequent manual handling of plants and vegetables in controlled physical environments. AI-assisted harvesting robotics can already pick certain fruits but lacks the human versatility needed for multiple crops. Manual dexterity for pruning, grafting, and physical pest control in intensive horticultural production protects this occupation from full automation.", "census_2021_employed": 90909, "epa_2digit_empleo": 294400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 36596, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 25962, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 10634, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 195268, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 113937, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 81331, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 197550, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.42, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 337, "cumulative_workers_descending": 14921114, "pct_workforce_descending": 65.6386 }, { "cno": "6201", "nombre": "Skilled cattle farming workers", "sector": "Agriculture", "empleo": 11695, "empleo_v10": 27018, "empleo_delta_v11": -15323, "salario_medio_eur": 25779, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Cattle farmers care for bovine livestock, managing their feeding, health, and milking in physical farm or field environments. AI-powered robotic milking systems and smart collars for monitoring animal health are already widespread in Spain. However, the physical handling of large animals, assistance during calving, and manual maintenance of facilities require a constant human physical presence and strength.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 96800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1088, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 976, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 112, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 458, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 405, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 53, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 437, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 3.5, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 1.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.32, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 359, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15651365, "pct_workforce_descending": 68.851 }, { "cno": "6202", "nombre": "Skilled sheep and goat farming workers", "sector": "Agriculture", "empleo": 19306, "empleo_v10": 27018, "empleo_delta_v11": -7712, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Their work with sheep and goats involves herding and care in physical environments that are often extensive and difficult to access. AI facilitates livestock tracking through GPS and drones, as well as optimizing dairy production through data analytics. The harshness of rural life, the need to protect livestock from predators, and manual physical handling for shearing or sanitary care shield this traditional profession.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 96800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1796, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1588, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 208, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1088, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 968, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 120, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1093, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1.5, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.21, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 352, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15540178, "pct_workforce_descending": 68.3619 }, { "cno": "6203", "nombre": "Skilled pig farming workers", "sector": "Agriculture", "empleo": 18693, "empleo_v10": 27018, "empleo_delta_v11": -8325, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Pig farmers work in intensive facilities controlling the growth and welfare of pigs in an industrialized physical environment. AI-powered automatic feeding systems and digital environmental controls in the sheds already manage most of the daily operations. The human worker handles physical health inspections, waste management, and mechanical maintenance of the farm, which are essential manual tasks for production.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 96800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1739, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1452, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 287, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 949, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 773, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 176, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 953, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2.5, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 9.5, "rescore_R": 1.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.49, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 354, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15577792, "pct_workforce_descending": 68.5274 }, { "cno": "6204", "nombre": "Skilled beekeeping and sericulture workers", "sector": "Agriculture", "empleo": 7406, "empleo_v10": 27018, "empleo_delta_v11": -19612, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Beekeeping requires very delicate manual handling of hives in variable outdoor natural environments. AI assists through sensors that monitor hive activity and temperature to remotely detect diseases or food shortages. Nevertheless, the physical collection of honey and manual treatment of bees are tasks that require dexterity and physical protection that have not been cost-effectively automated.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 96800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 689, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 623, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 66, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 258, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 180, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 78, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 270, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1.5, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 9.5, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.22, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 369, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15749486, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.2826 }, { "cno": "6205", "nombre": "Skilled poultry and rabbit farming workers", "sector": "Agriculture", "empleo": 28045, "empleo_v10": 27018, "empleo_delta_v11": 1027, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Poultry and rabbit farming workers operate in intensive farms managing the life cycle of birds and rabbits in enclosed physical environments. AI autonomously controls light, temperature, and water and feed supply to maximize production efficiency. The manual component is limited to the physical loading of animals, cleaning of facilities, and on-site monitoring against epidemic outbreaks that require expert human visual inspection.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 96800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2609, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1916, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 693, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 958, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 589, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 369, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 975, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2.5, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 9.5, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.47, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 347, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15427555, "pct_workforce_descending": 67.8665 }, { "cno": "6209", "nombre": "Skilled livestock workers n.e.c.", "sector": "Agriculture", "empleo": 11631, "empleo_v10": 27018, "empleo_delta_v11": -15387, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "This group encompasses livestock workers of other species who perform care and feeding tasks in varied physical environments. AI helps optimize breeding cycles and digitally monitor animal health through behavioral patterns. The need to perform physical maintenance tasks on enclosures and to manually interact with the animals ensures that the human factor remains the central axis of livestock activity.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 96800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1082, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 879, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 203, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3167, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2263, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 904, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 3110, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 3.5, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.33, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 360, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15662996, "pct_workforce_descending": 68.9022 }, { "cno": "6300", "nombre": "Skilled mixed farming workers", "sector": "Agriculture", "empleo": 21695, "empleo_v10": 27018, "empleo_delta_v11": -5323, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Workers in mixed farming activities combine agricultural and livestock tasks on small or medium-sized multipurpose physical holdings. This diversity of physical tasks makes cost-effective automation difficult through specialized machines or robots, which tend to be single-function. Human versatility to repair a fence, sow a garden, and tend livestock all in the same day is an adaptive advantage over AI in the Spanish rural environment.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 21700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 3802, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 3064, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 738, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 631, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 474, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 157, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 620, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 3.5, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.33, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 351, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15520872, "pct_workforce_descending": 68.277 }, { "cno": "6410", "nombre": "Skilled forestry and natural environment workers", "sector": "Agriculture", "empleo": 13924, "empleo_v10": 27018, "empleo_delta_v11": -13094, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Their work in forestry activities involves the planting, care, and harvesting of forest masses in mountain and woodland physical environments. AI helps in felling planning and fire prevention through high-resolution satellite data analytics. The physical work of clearing, manual pruning, and chainsaw use on rough terrain is extremely difficult to automate and requires great human physical endurance.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 24400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 15225, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 13839, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1386, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 16265, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 13626, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 2639, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 15719, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 3.5, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 1.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.32, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 358, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15639670, "pct_workforce_descending": 68.7996 }, { "cno": "6421", "nombre": "Skilled aquaculture workers", "sector": "Agriculture", "empleo": 716, "empleo_v10": 27018, "empleo_delta_v11": -26302, "salario_medio_eur": 25779, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Aquaculture workers raise fish and shellfish in physical coastal facilities or river fish farms. AI-powered smart systems monitor water quality and automate feeding to optimize species growth. The physical cleaning of nets, manual handling of specimens for classification, and maintenance of submerged infrastructure require constant, on-site human physical intervention.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 24400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 783, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 622, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 161, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 926, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 529, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 397, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 909, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2.5, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.5, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 395, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15825323, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.6163 }, { "cno": "6422", "nombre": "Coastal and freshwater fishers", "sector": "Agriculture", "empleo": 4569, "empleo_v10": 27018, "empleo_delta_v11": -22449, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Artisanal and freshwater fishing is carried out on small boats in highly variable marine or river physical environments. It is an intensely manual occupation that depends on empirical knowledge of the environment, physical dexterity to handle nets, and direct bodily effort. The small scale of this activity makes investment in complex automation unprofitable, protecting this traditional trade based on human physical skill.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 24400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 4996, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 4872, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 124, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 328, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 259, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 69, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 339, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.27, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 374, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15778467, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.4101 }, { "cno": "6423", "nombre": "Deep-sea fishers", "sector": "Agriculture", "empleo": 4291, "empleo_v10": 27018, "empleo_delta_v11": -22727, "salario_medio_eur": 28234, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Deep-sea fishers work on large factory vessels in open waters, facing extreme physical environments for long periods. AI assists in locating fish schools through smart sonar and optimizes navigation routes to save fuel. The deck work, which involves handling heavy nets under any weather conditions and manually processing fish on board, demands irreplaceable human strength and resilience.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 24400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 4692, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 4638, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 54, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3439, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 3173, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 266, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 3245, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2.5, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.45, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 377, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15791551, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.4677 }, { "cno": "6430", "nombre": "Skilled hunting workers", "sector": "Agriculture", "empleo": 894, "empleo_v10": 27018, "empleo_delta_v11": -26124, "salario_medio_eur": 22096, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Hunting activities involve the management of game populations and the maintenance of hunting reserves in natural physical environments. AI can help with species census through camera traps and computer vision, providing data for sustainable management. However, the fieldwork, which includes physical surveillance of the terrain, preparation of organized hunts, and prevention of poaching, requires a human presence and knowledge of the natural environment.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 24400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 977, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 908, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 69, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 10, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 10, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 0, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 5, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 4, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.24, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 394, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15824607, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.6131 }, { "cno": "7111", "nombre": "Formworkers and concrete placement workers", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 274587, "empleo_v10": 85935, "empleo_delta_v11": 188652, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Formwork carpenters prepare molds and structures for concrete at outdoor construction sites, a purely physical and manual task. It is work that requires strength, balance, and the use of hand tools in variable site conditions. Although robotic prototypes for on-site placement exist, the complexity of real construction sites and the need for constant adaptation to physical obstacles shield this occupation from AI automation.", "census_2021_employed": 247716, "epa_2digit_empleo": 703300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 24235, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 24107, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 128, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 26065, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 25917, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 148, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 26472, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.1, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 440, "cumulative_workers_descending": 18336457, "pct_workforce_descending": 80.6628 }, { "cno": "7112", "nombre": "Prefabricated structural component assemblers (concrete only)", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 11817, "empleo_v10": 85935, "empleo_delta_v11": -74118, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Their work consists of assembling heavy precast concrete structures using cranes and hand tools at the physical construction site. It is a high-risk task that requires precise physical coordination between workers and great manual strength for the final adjustment of pieces. The variability of each civil engineering project and the need for human judgment for structural safety on site prevent full automation of this construction process.", "census_2021_employed": 247716, "epa_2digit_empleo": 703300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1043, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1033, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 10, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 294, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 292, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 2, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 285, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 2.5, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.12, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 466, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20872387, "pct_workforce_descending": 91.8185 }, { "cno": "7121", "nombre": "Bricklayers", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 230625, "empleo_v10": 71546, "empleo_delta_v11": 159079, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Bricklayers construct walls and structures through the manual placement of bricks and bonding materials in diverse physical environments. There are bricklaying robots that can raise straight walls under ideal conditions, but they lack the human versatility to work on renovations or in irregular spaces. Manual dexterity, physical strength, and the ability to solve construction problems on the fly protect this traditional trade.", "census_2021_employed": 200763, "epa_2digit_empleo": 703300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 245827, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 241163, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 4664, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 117925, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 114229, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 3696, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 117346, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 0.5, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 0.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.05, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 443, "cumulative_workers_descending": 19045215, "pct_workforce_descending": 83.7807 }, { "cno": "7122", "nombre": "Stonemasons, stone cutters, carvers and engravers", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 1494, "empleo_v10": 71545, "empleo_delta_v11": -70051, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Stonework requires great physical strength and the use of manual cutting and engraving tools on irregular natural materials. AI and CNC machines can perform precise cuts and engravings in workshops on standardized pieces at high speed. However, artisanal stone carving, physical placement of stones in traditional walls, and historical heritage restoration demand the sensitivity and expert hand of the human stonemason.", "census_2021_employed": 200763, "epa_2digit_empleo": 703300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1592, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1506, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 86, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2563, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2340, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 223, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2639, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 0.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.1, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 480, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20940995, "pct_workforce_descending": 92.1203 }, { "cno": "7131", "nombre": "Carpenters (except cabinet makers)", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 21105, "empleo_v10": 14496, "empleo_delta_v11": 6609, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Construction carpenters install wooden structures, doors, and cabinets in physical building environments, requiring great manual precision. Although AI optimizes design and automatic cutting machines prepare the pieces, the final on-site assembly must adapt to the physical irregularities of the building. Manual skill for adjusting wooden pieces, the use of hand tools, and solving physical problems on-site maintain the carpenter's value.", "census_2021_employed": 34392, "epa_2digit_empleo": 703300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 15099, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 14422, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 677, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 33700, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 30883, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 2817, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 33761, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 9.5, "rescore_R": 0.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.15, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 463, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20828762, "pct_workforce_descending": 91.6266 }, { "cno": "7132", "nombre": "Metal frame and window installers and metal carpenters (except structural steel erectors)", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 18658, "empleo_v10": 14496, "empleo_delta_v11": 4162, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Their work consists of installing enclosures and metal structures on buildings, a task that combines the handling of heavy pieces and physical welding. AI helps in assembly planning and structure design, but the technical execution on the building facade is purely manual. The need to work at height and make precise physical adjustments with impact tools protects this occupation from current robotic automation.", "census_2021_employed": 34392, "epa_2digit_empleo": 703300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 13348, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 13026, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 322, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 16926, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 16395, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 531, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 16763, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 9.5, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.15, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 464, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20847420, "pct_workforce_descending": 91.7087 }, { "cno": "7191", "nombre": "Building maintenance workers", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 65003, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": 38222, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Building maintenance workers perform varied repairs (plumbing, electrical, painting) in constructed physical environments, requiring great manual versatility. AI can help through preventive maintenance systems that alert about breakdowns, but repair requires direct physical intervention. The ability to diagnose and fix highly diverse mechanical or structural problems in confined physical spaces makes this position impossible to automate.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 703300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 35063, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 32342, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 2721, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 65710, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 52134, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 13576, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 65471, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2.5, "rescore_C": 4.5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.56, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 454, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20491950, "pct_workforce_descending": 90.1449 }, { "cno": "7192", "nombre": "Technical facade installers", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 591, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -26190, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "These installers place complex technical facades, often working at height and handling delicate and heavy materials at the physical construction site. AI facilitates the parametric design of facades and the logistics of pieces, but physical anchoring and manual leveling are critical tasks for structural safety. Physical dexterity for operating on scaffolding or elevated platforms and manual precision in assembly shield this technical field occupation.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 703300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 319, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 311, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 8, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 200, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 199, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 171, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 2.5, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.12, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 483, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20943087, "pct_workforce_descending": 92.1295 }, { "cno": "7193", "nombre": "Waterproofing system installers in buildings", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 1765, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -25016, "salario_medio_eur": 25779, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Waterproofing requires the manual application of membranes and chemical products on roofs and foundations to prevent physical water infiltration. It is a task that demands meticulous attention to physical detail and intense manual work in often uncomfortable positions outdoors. AI cannot replicate the human visual inspection needed to detect minute cracks nor the skill to seal complex joints in real construction environments.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 703300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 952, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 938, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 14, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1312, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1299, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 13, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1337, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.1, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 477, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20936183, "pct_workforce_descending": 92.0991 }, { "cno": "7199", "nombre": "Other structural construction workers n.e.c.", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 77655, "empleo_v10": 26780, "empleo_delta_v11": 50875, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "This group encompasses workers from various structural construction trades who perform heavy manual tasks in physical site environments. Their functions are purely operational and depend on physical strength, tool use, and adaptation to variable site conditions. Being tasks of high physical intensity and low digital predictability, current AI and robotics do not represent an economic or technical threat to these jobs.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 703300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 41888, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 40488, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1400, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 12359, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 12211, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 148, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 11960, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.1, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 452, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20361373, "pct_workforce_descending": 89.5705 }, { "cno": "7211", "nombre": "Plasterers (ornamental)", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 37383, "empleo_v10": 55303, "empleo_delta_v11": -17920, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Plasterers apply plaster coatings and decorations on ceilings and walls, requiring great manual skill and a physical sense of leveling. Although mechanical plaster sprayers are used, the final smoothing and placement of artistic moldings are purely artisanal and physical processes. The need to adapt to the specific geometry of each room and the fine manual dexterity needed for a smooth finish protect this occupation from automation.", "census_2021_employed": 149610, "epa_2digit_empleo": 312100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 5020, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 4975, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 45, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 5480, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 5394, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 86, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 5625, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 0.5, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 0.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.05, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 17725208, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 77.9739, "rank_in_descending": 417, "cumulative_workers_descending": 17383517, "pct_workforce_descending": 76.4708 }, { "cno": "7212", "nombre": "Plaster and mortar coating applicators", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 35603, "empleo_v10": 55302, "empleo_delta_v11": -19699, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Their work consists of applying mortars and renders on facades and walls, a physically demanding job often performed outdoors and on scaffolding. AI can help calculate optimal mixes based on weather conditions, but the uniform physical application is a manual task of great dexterity. Physical endurance for continuous work with heavy materials and adaptation to the irregularities of the physical substrate maintain the value of this construction trade.", "census_2021_employed": 149610, "epa_2digit_empleo": 312100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 4781, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 4698, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 83, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 7653, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 7515, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 138, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 7644, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 0.5, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 0.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.05, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 17725208, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 77.9739, "rank_in_descending": 419, "cumulative_workers_descending": 17456338, "pct_workforce_descending": 76.7912 }, { "cno": "7221", "nombre": "Plumbers", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 37218, "empleo_v10": 15867, "empleo_delta_v11": 21351, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Plumbing requires diagnosing and repairing water and gas systems in complex physical environments, often in very small and hard-to-access spaces. AI can help detect leaks through smart acoustic sensors, but the physical repair of pipes and the installation of sanitary fixtures is purely manual. The ability to improvise physical solutions for breakdowns in old buildings and fine manual dexterity protect this profession from current robotics.", "census_2021_employed": 58518, "epa_2digit_empleo": 312100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 16700, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 16419, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 281, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 30308, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 29495, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 813, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 30228, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 9.5, "rescore_R": 1.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.29, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 17725208, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 77.9739, "rank_in_descending": 418, "cumulative_workers_descending": 17420735, "pct_workforce_descending": 76.6345 }, { "cno": "7222", "nombre": "Gas fitters in buildings", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 1602, "empleo_v10": 15867, "empleo_delta_v11": -14265, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Gas installers perform critical safety installations in domestic and industrial physical environments, following strict technical regulations. AI assists in the digital verification of airtightness and compliance with EU safety regulations automatically. However, the physical handling of copper pipes, welding, and the legal responsibility for the physical on-site installation ensure that the human technician is indispensable.", "census_2021_employed": 58518, "epa_2digit_empleo": 312100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 719, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 697, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 22, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1768, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1744, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 24, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1726, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 3.5, "rescore_F": 9.5, "rescore_R": 5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.28, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 17725208, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 77.9739, "rank_in_descending": 436, "cumulative_workers_descending": 17723029, "pct_workforce_descending": 77.9643 }, { "cno": "7223", "nombre": "Pipeline installers in public works", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 4000, "empleo_v10": 15866, "empleo_delta_v11": -11866, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Their work consists of installing large pipelines for public services in trenches and outdoor civil engineering environments, requiring heavy machinery and physical effort. AI optimizes the layout of networks and material logistics through geographic information models, but the physical laying is manual. The need to work in variable terrain conditions and coordinate the assembly of heavy pieces in the trench shields this physical operational occupation.", "census_2021_employed": 58518, "epa_2digit_empleo": 312100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1795, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1777, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 18, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 552, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 547, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 5, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 566, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1.5, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 9.5, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.22, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 17725208, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 77.9739, "rank_in_descending": 435, "cumulative_workers_descending": 17721427, "pct_workforce_descending": 77.9573 }, { "cno": "7231", "nombre": "Painters and wallpaperers", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 71804, "empleo_v10": 67221, "empleo_delta_v11": 4583, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Painters and paperhangers perform decorative and protective finishes on physical surfaces, requiring good manual preparation and aesthetic sense. Prototypes of robots for painting large flat surfaces exist, but they lack the human agility to paint corners, window frames, or work in occupied dwellings. Manual dexterity for precise cutting-in and the physical preparation of walls (sanding, filling) maintain the relevance of the human painter.", "census_2021_employed": 186930, "epa_2digit_empleo": 312100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 24444, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 23479, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 965, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 115408, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 85448, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 29960, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 115082, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 0.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.1, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 17725208, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 77.9739, "rank_in_descending": 413, "cumulative_workers_descending": 17180490, "pct_workforce_descending": 75.5777 }, { "cno": "7232", "nombre": "Painters in manufacturing industries", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 19387, "empleo_v10": 67221, "empleo_delta_v11": -47834, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Industrial painting in factories is carried out on manufactured parts, a task that is already highly automated through robotic arms on production lines. AI controls air pressure, paint flow, and drying temperature to maximize efficiency and uniformity autonomously. The human worker is reserved for supervising the robots, manual touch-up of complex pieces, and the physical maintenance of spray booths.", "census_2021_employed": 186930, "epa_2digit_empleo": 312100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 6600, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 6314, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 286, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 8989, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 7881, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1108, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 9043, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1.5, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.24, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 17725208, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 77.9739, "rank_in_descending": 425, "cumulative_workers_descending": 17632591, "pct_workforce_descending": 77.5665 }, { "cno": "7240", "nombre": "Floor layers, parquet layers and related", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 31039, "empleo_v10": 95893, "empleo_delta_v11": -64854, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Floor layers and parquet installers perform physical paving that requires great manual precision and considerable physical effort while kneeling. AI can help design the optimal layout to maximize material use, but the physical placement of each tile or board must be manual to ensure leveling. Manual dexterity for cutting pieces to measure on-site and the sense of touch to verify floor flatness protect this artisanal occupation.", "census_2021_employed": 127251, "epa_2digit_empleo": 312100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 4368, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 4285, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 83, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 15217, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 14902, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 315, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 15146, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 0.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.1, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 17725208, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 77.9739, "rank_in_descending": 422, "cumulative_workers_descending": 17555769, "pct_workforce_descending": 77.2286 }, { "cno": "7250", "nombre": "Refrigeration and air conditioning mechanics-installers", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 14651, "empleo_v10": 48757, "empleo_delta_v11": -34106, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "HVAC mechanics install and maintain refrigeration equipment, combining software-based diagnostics with the physical handling of heavy components. AI-driven predictive maintenance indicates when a compressor will fail, facilitating the technical planning of inspections. The physical installation of outdoor and indoor units, refrigerant gas charging, and technical wiring in buildings require a human operational capability that robotics does not possess.", "census_2021_employed": 60066, "epa_2digit_empleo": 312100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 11151, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 10966, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 185, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 11535, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 11431, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 104, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 11156, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.56, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 17725208, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 77.9739, "rank_in_descending": 427, "cumulative_workers_descending": 17662151, "pct_workforce_descending": 77.6965 }, { "cno": "7291", "nombre": "Roof tilers", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 7934, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -18847, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Roofers work on rooftops installing tiles, sheets, or panels, a physically demanding task performed at height and in the open air. AI facilitates the calculation of slopes and material resistance, but the physical placement and sealing of the roof is purely manual. The physical risk of working at height and the need for constant adaptation to the building's structure protect this occupation from robotic automation.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 312100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2373, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2263, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 110, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1479, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1447, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 32, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1458, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 1.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.09, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 17725208, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 77.9739, "rank_in_descending": 430, "cumulative_workers_descending": 17691571, "pct_workforce_descending": 77.826 }, { "cno": "7292", "nombre": "Thermal and sound insulation installers", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 7703, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -19078, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Their work consists of installing thermal and acoustic insulation in walls, floors, and ceilings of buildings to improve energy efficiency. It is a manual task that requires precision to avoid thermal bridges and physical strength to handle large rolls or panels of insulation material. AI assists in calculating predicted energy savings, but the physical on-site execution is what guarantees the real result, maintaining the value of the specialized manual worker.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 312100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2304, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2263, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 41, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1955, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1934, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 21, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1910, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.1, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 17725208, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 77.9739, "rank_in_descending": 431, "cumulative_workers_descending": 17699274, "pct_workforce_descending": 77.8598 }, { "cno": "7293", "nombre": "Glaziers", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 5985, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -20796, "salario_medio_eur": 24551, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Glaziers transport and install large, heavy glass panes in buildings, requiring great physical strength, balance, and manual precision. AI helps in the design of high thermal performance glass and in calculating mounting stresses, but the physical installation is artisanal. The risk of breakage and the danger of handling glass at the physical construction site make human supervision and execution fundamental to safety.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 312100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1790, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1710, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 80, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3134, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2977, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 157, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 3212, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 9.5, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.1, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 17725208, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 77.9739, "rank_in_descending": 433, "cumulative_workers_descending": 17712207, "pct_workforce_descending": 77.9167 }, { "cno": "7294", "nombre": "Solar panel installers", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 28730, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": 1949, "salario_medio_eur": 26515, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Solar panel installers work on rooftops performing the physical assembly of structures, panels, and electrical connections in outdoor environments. AI optimizes the tilt and placement of panels to maximize solar energy capture based on the building's latitude and shading. The physical anchoring work on the roof structure and the manual wiring to the inverter are tasks that require the agility and physical dexterity of a specialized human technician.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 312100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 8593, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 8144, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 449, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 8340, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 7373, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 967, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 8177, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.56, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 17725208, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 77.9739, "rank_in_descending": 423, "cumulative_workers_descending": 17584499, "pct_workforce_descending": 77.3549 }, { "cno": "7295", "nombre": "Building facade and chimney cleaners", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 9061, "empleo_v10": 26780, "empleo_delta_v11": -17719, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Facade and chimney cleaning is an intensely physical task that requires working at height with pressure cleaning tools or manual equipment. It is a high-risk occupation demanding great physical endurance and the ability to operate in uncomfortable outdoor spaces. Although simple cleaning drones exist, the removal of embedded dirt and the physical inspection of cracks or structural damage on the facade still require an on-site human operative.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 312100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2710, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 857, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1853, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1379, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 760, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 619, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1428, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 0, "rescore_C": 1, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 17725208, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 77.9739, "rank_in_descending": 429, "cumulative_workers_descending": 17683637, "pct_workforce_descending": 77.7911 }, { "cno": "7311", "nombre": "Moulders and coremakers", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 620, "empleo_v10": 7858, "empleo_delta_v11": -7238, "salario_medio_eur": 24551, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Mold makers fabricate molds for metal casting in physical industrial environments, requiring strength and an experienced manual technique. AI helps in the design of molds to optimize molten metal flow and reduce defects in parts, but the physical fabrication of the mold is usually artisanal. The handling of sands and refractory materials in the foundry is a heavy physical process that maintains the value of the specialized worker in basic manufacturing.", "census_2021_employed": 47556, "epa_2digit_empleo": 281700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 473, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 397, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 76, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 207, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 192, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 15, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 183, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1.5, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 9.5, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.22, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 396, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15825943, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.619 }, { "cno": "7312", "nombre": "Welders and oxy-fuel cutters", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 36541, "empleo_v10": 7858, "empleo_delta_v11": 28683, "salario_medio_eur": 25779, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Welders join metal pieces using heat and filler materials in physical industrial or construction environments. Welding robotics is already standard in mass manufacturing (automotive), where AI controls temperature and the welding arc with extreme precision. The human welder remains indispensable for physical on-site repairs, welding in difficult positions, and work on unique structures where robots cannot operate.", "census_2021_employed": 47556, "epa_2digit_empleo": 281700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 27857, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 27090, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 767, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 39146, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 38071, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1075, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 37199, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1.5, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.2, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 344, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15335121, "pct_workforce_descending": 67.4598 }, { "cno": "7313", "nombre": "Sheet metal workers and boilermakers", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 16981, "empleo_v10": 7858, "empleo_delta_v11": 9123, "salario_medio_eur": 24551, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Sheet metal workers and boilermakers shape metal plates and fabricate large metal vessels using manual techniques and heavy physical machinery. AI optimizes plate cutting and structure design to maximize resistance and lightness. However, the manual bending of pieces, the physical adjustment of assemblies, and technical welding on large boilers require the dexterity and physical judgment of the experienced human tradesperson.", "census_2021_employed": 47556, "epa_2digit_empleo": 281700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 12945, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 12689, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 256, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 13064, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 12872, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 192, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 12966, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 9.5, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.28, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 355, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15594773, "pct_workforce_descending": 68.6021 }, { "cno": "7314", "nombre": "Structural metal erectors", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 58372, "empleo_v10": 7857, "empleo_delta_v11": 50515, "salario_medio_eur": 27006, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Their work consists of assembling heavy metal structures for buildings or bridges at the physical site, requiring the use of cranes and manual impact tools. AI helps in assembly planning and quality control of joints through computer vision, but the physical assembly is manual. The need to work at height and coordinate the precise adjustment of pieces weighing tons protects this occupation from robotic automation.", "census_2021_employed": 47556, "epa_2digit_empleo": 281700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 44499, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 42988, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1511, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 8365, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 8230, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 135, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 8076, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 2.5, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.11, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 340, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15144262, "pct_workforce_descending": 66.6202 }, { "cno": "7315", "nombre": "Cable structure assemblers and cable splicers", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 4499, "empleo_v10": 7857, "empleo_delta_v11": -3358, "salario_medio_eur": 27006, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Cable installers deploy electrical and communication infrastructure, performing complex manual connections in diverse physical environments. AI helps in network design and in detecting continuity faults through smart digital measurement equipment. However, the physical routing of cables through conduits and the manual splicing of fine conductors require manual dexterity and physical agility that AI cannot replicate in the field.", "census_2021_employed": 47556, "epa_2digit_empleo": 281700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 3430, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 3208, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 222, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1362, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1280, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 82, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1314, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2.5, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.47, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 375, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15782966, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.4299 }, { "cno": "7321", "nombre": "Blacksmiths and forgers", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 15000, "empleo_v10": 16484, "empleo_delta_v11": -1484, "salario_medio_eur": 24551, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Blacksmithing and forging is a physical profession that uses heat and manual force to shape metal, often with an artisanal component. AI assists in part design and thermal control of furnaces to ensure metal quality, but the hammering and physical forging are manual. The creation of artistic wrought iron pieces and the physical repair of agricultural or industrial tools maintain the relevance of this traditional trade in Spain.", "census_2021_employed": 83664, "epa_2digit_empleo": 281700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2841, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2796, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 45, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3294, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 3113, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 181, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 3257, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.1, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 357, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15625746, "pct_workforce_descending": 68.7383 }, { "cno": "7322", "nombre": "Toolmakers, fitters, pattern makers, die makers and related", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 28411, "empleo_v10": 16483, "empleo_delta_v11": 11928, "salario_medio_eur": 24551, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "These mechanics-fitters manufacture tools and adjust precision machinery in physical industrial workshops, requiring great technical manual skill. AI assists through high-precision coordinate measuring machines and software for autonomously optimized tool design. The value of the human professional lies in the fine manual adjustment of mechanisms and the ability to solve physical tolerance problems that automatic systems fail to detect.", "census_2021_employed": 83664, "epa_2digit_empleo": 281700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 5381, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 4893, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 488, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 7547, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 6628, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 919, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 7308, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 8.5, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.03, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 346, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15399510, "pct_workforce_descending": 67.7431 }, { "cno": "7323", "nombre": "Machine tool setters and operators", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 118582, "empleo_v10": 16483, "empleo_delta_v11": 102099, "salario_medio_eur": 24551, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Machine tool operators (lathes, milling machines) work in industrial workshops manufacturing metal parts according to digital technical drawings. Currently, most of these machines are CNC and controlled by software that AI can program and optimize to reduce cycle times. The human operator handles physical supervision of the machine, manual tool changes, and visual quality control of finished parts in the workshop.", "census_2021_employed": 83664, "epa_2digit_empleo": 281700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 22459, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 18210, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 4249, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 13369, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 12288, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1081, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 12615, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 8.5, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.03, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 335, "cumulative_workers_descending": 14696891, "pct_workforce_descending": 64.6522 }, { "cno": "7324", "nombre": "Metal polishers and tool sharpeners", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 2693, "empleo_v10": 16483, "empleo_delta_v11": -13790, "salario_medio_eur": 24551, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Polishers and sharpeners perform physical finishing on metal surfaces and cutting tools, requiring a highly developed sense of touch and sight. Robotics already performs mass polishing of standardized parts with high uniformity using AI-controlled pressure sensors. Precision sharpening of special cutting tools and artisanal polishing of objects with complex or delicate geometries maintain the expert manual component of the profession.", "census_2021_employed": 83664, "epa_2digit_empleo": 281700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 510, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 473, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 37, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 552, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 475, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 77, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 548, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 9.5, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.1, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 381, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15804985, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.5268 }, { "cno": "7401", "nombre": "Motor vehicle mechanics and fitters", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 206080, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": 179299, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Vehicle mechanics diagnose and repair mechanical and electrical systems of cars in physical workshops, an intensely manual task. AI assists in fault diagnosis by analyzing vehicle ECU data and suggests solutions based on global fault databases. However, the physical replacement of parts, engine dismantling, and manual repair of mechanical faults in real-world environments protect this trade from automation.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 322400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 45794, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 44766, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1028, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 36598, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 36081, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 517, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 36205, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4, "rescore_C": 5.5, "rescore_F": 8.5, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.08, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 17725208, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 77.9739, "rank_in_descending": 408, "cumulative_workers_descending": 16564687, "pct_workforce_descending": 72.8688 }, { "cno": "7402", "nombre": "Aircraft engine mechanics and fitters", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 5220, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -21561, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Aircraft mechanics perform preventive and corrective maintenance on turbines and aeronautical systems under extremely strict physical and legal safety regulations. AI-driven predictive maintenance analyzes in-flight engine sensor data to detect material fatigue before failure occurs. Due to the risk to life and the complexity of physical assembly of an aviation engine, manual human intervention and its certification are mandatory.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 322400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1160, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1089, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 71, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 302, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 291, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 11, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 289, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 5, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 8.5, "rescore_R": 8.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.99, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 17725208, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 77.9739, "rank_in_descending": 434, "cumulative_workers_descending": 17717427, "pct_workforce_descending": 77.9397 }, { "cno": "7403", "nombre": "Agricultural and industrial machinery mechanics and fitters", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 89243, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": 62462, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Their work consists of repairing agricultural and industrial machinery in workshops or by traveling to the physical locations where the equipment is found. AI helps diagnose faults in complex hydraulic and transmission systems through specialized digital monitoring software. The harshness of the physical work, often in rural settings with very dirty and heavy machinery, makes manual human repair the only viable and flexible option currently available.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 322400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 19831, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 19338, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 493, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 18886, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 18426, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 460, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 18784, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3.5, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.82, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 17725208, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 77.9739, "rank_in_descending": 411, "cumulative_workers_descending": 17022913, "pct_workforce_descending": 74.8845 }, { "cno": "7404", "nombre": "Naval and railway machinery mechanics and fitters", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 14909, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -11872, "salario_medio_eur": 27006, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Naval and railway mechanics maintain large engines and propulsion systems in large-scale physical industrial environments (shipyards, depots). AI optimizes the maintenance cycles of trains and ships by continuously analyzing operational performance data digitally. The physical repair of large axles, the adjustment of heavy transmission systems, and working in confined machine spaces require irreplaceable human strength and expertise.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 322400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 3313, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 3236, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 77, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 309, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 303, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 6, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 329, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.82, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 17725208, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 77.9739, "rank_in_descending": 426, "cumulative_workers_descending": 17647500, "pct_workforce_descending": 77.6321 }, { "cno": "7405", "nombre": "Bicycle repairers and related", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 6948, "empleo_v10": 26780, "empleo_delta_v11": -19832, "salario_medio_eur": 19641, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Bicycle repair is a physical artisanal trade that requires precise manual adjustment of simple but varied mechanical components. AI has no directly profitable application in this proximity-based sector, beyond workshop management and online spare parts purchasing. Manual dexterity for truing wheels, adjusting gears and brakes, and direct interaction with cyclists at the physical shop shield this profession from digital automation.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 322400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1544, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1303, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 241, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 921, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 885, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 36, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 885, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 0.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.32, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 17725208, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 77.9739, "rank_in_descending": 432, "cumulative_workers_descending": 17706222, "pct_workforce_descending": 77.8904 }, { "cno": "7510", "nombre": "Construction electricians and related", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 182103, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": 155322, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Construction electricians install wiring and electrical systems in buildings under construction, a physical and manual task requiring agility and precision. AI helps in the design of efficient electrical schematics and in digital verification of safety regulations. The physical routing of cables through conduits, manual installation of mechanisms, and solving continuity problems at the real construction site are distinctly human tasks requiring physical presence.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 358600, "sepe_contracts_2024": 40443, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 39578, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 865, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 37763, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 36969, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 794, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 37148, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 4, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.53, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 17725208, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 77.9739, "rank_in_descending": 410, "cumulative_workers_descending": 16933670, "pct_workforce_descending": 74.4919 }, { "cno": "7521", "nombre": "Electrical equipment mechanics and repairers", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 56527, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": 29746, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "These mechanics repair domestic and industrial electrical equipment, combining technical diagnosis with physical handling of internal components. AI assists through self-diagnostic systems that instantly identify the defective component based on known fault patterns. However, the physical replacement of windings, brushes, or power boards requires fine manual dexterity and technical expertise that current robotics has not replicated.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 358600, "sepe_contracts_2024": 12554, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 12033, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 521, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 24337, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 23692, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 645, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 24030, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 4.5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.63, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 17725208, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 77.9739, "rank_in_descending": 415, "cumulative_workers_descending": 17295533, "pct_workforce_descending": 76.0838 }, { "cno": "7522", "nombre": "Electrical line installers and repairers", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 35036, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": 8255, "salario_medio_eur": 27006, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Power line installers work outdoors maintaining high and medium voltage networks, a high-risk physical task requiring agility. AI monitors the grid and detects hot spots or anomalies through automated drone inspections and computer vision. The physical climbing of high-voltage towers, manual replacement of insulators, and cable repair after storms demand extreme human operational capability in the field.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 358600, "sepe_contracts_2024": 7781, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 7578, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 203, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1638, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1607, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 31, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1628, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 3.5, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.26, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 17725208, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 77.9739, "rank_in_descending": 420, "cumulative_workers_descending": 17491374, "pct_workforce_descending": 76.9453 }, { "cno": "7531", "nombre": "Electronic equipment mechanics and repairers", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 33356, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": 6575, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Electronics repairers maintain digital and analog devices, requiring fine manual dexterity for soldering and adjusting components. AI-powered self-diagnostic systems facilitate fault location in complex circuits through rapid electrical signal analysis. The manual execution of repairs on tiny components and the physical recovery of connections on damaged boards maintain the technical artisanal component of the profession.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 358600, "sepe_contracts_2024": 7408, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 7030, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 378, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 7968, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 7710, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 258, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 7729, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 5, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 8, "rescore_R": 2.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.57, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 17725208, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 77.9739, "rank_in_descending": 421, "cumulative_workers_descending": 17524730, "pct_workforce_descending": 77.092 }, { "cno": "7532", "nombre": "Biomedical equipment installers and repairers", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 977, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -25804, "salario_medio_eur": 28234, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "This technical specialty maintains electro-medical equipment in physical hospital environments under strict safety and precision protocols. AI monitors the status of medical equipment and autonomously schedules calibrations to ensure proper digital functioning. The legal responsibility of the human technician to certify that a life-support device is safe after physical repair is an indispensable requirement for clinical safety.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 358600, "sepe_contracts_2024": 217, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 211, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 6, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 120, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 111, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 9, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 123, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 5.5, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 7.5, "rescore_R": 8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.24, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 17725208, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 77.9739, "rank_in_descending": 438, "cumulative_workers_descending": 17725208, "pct_workforce_descending": 77.9739 }, { "cno": "7533", "nombre": "ICT installers and repairers", "sector": "Construction", "empleo": 50601, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": 23820, "salario_medio_eur": 23323, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "ICT installers deploy data networks and IT equipment in offices and homes, integrating physical assembly with digital configuration. AI automatically optimizes Wi-Fi signals and proactively detects network configuration faults remotely. The need to perform physical fiber optic cabling and to physically install servers and workstations ensures the human technician maintains a significant manual workload.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 358600, "sepe_contracts_2024": 11238, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 10777, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 461, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 14387, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 13764, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 623, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 14294, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 6, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 7, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.46, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 17725208, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 77.9739, "rank_in_descending": 416, "cumulative_workers_descending": 17346134, "pct_workforce_descending": 76.3064 }, { "cno": "7611", "nombre": "Watchmakers and precision instrument mechanics", "sector": "Crafts & Manufacturing", "empleo": 1464, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -25317, "salario_medio_eur": 27316, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Precision watchmaking is a purely physical artisanal trade that requires microscopic manual dexterity and an exceptional sense of mechanics. Although AI helps in the design of complex mechanisms and in quality control through computer vision, the repair of mechanical watches is purely manual. The handling of tiny parts and the fine adjustment of balance wheels and hairsprings are human skills that define haute horlogerie and technical micro-mechanics.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 66200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 386, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 337, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 49, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 697, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 567, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 130, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 638, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2.5, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 1.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.38, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 388, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15817519, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.5819 }, { "cno": "7612", "nombre": "Luthiers and similar; musical instrument tuners", "sector": "Crafts & Manufacturing", "empleo": 284, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -26497, "salario_medio_eur": 24833, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Luthiers and tuners work with physical musical instruments, requiring perfect pitch and manual skill for treating natural materials such as wood. AI can analyze sound frequency and suggest optimal adjustments for tuning, as well as assist in the acoustic design of instruments digitally. However, the artisanal construction of a violin or piano and the manual adjustment of the sound post and bridge to achieve a specific sound depend on human sensory judgment.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 66200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 75, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 66, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 9, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 259, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 231, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 28, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 262, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1.5, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 0.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.16, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 403, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15828752, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.6313 }, { "cno": "7613", "nombre": "Jewellers, goldsmiths and silversmiths", "sector": "Crafts & Manufacturing", "empleo": 1354, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -25427, "salario_medio_eur": 28558, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Jewelers design and fabricate pieces from precious metals and stones, a task that combines creative design with precision manual execution. Generative AI already creates stunning jewelry designs, and 3D modeling facilitates the creation of precise molds for lost-wax casting. The manual setting of stones under the microscope, artisanal polishing, and precision soldering on unique pieces maintain the high value of specialized manual work.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 66200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 357, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 193, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 164, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2986, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1564, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1422, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 3088, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 4.5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.71, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 389, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15818873, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.5879 }, { "cno": "7614", "nombre": "Ceramics workers, potters and related", "sector": "Crafts & Manufacturing", "empleo": 6308, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -20473, "salario_medio_eur": 22350, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Ceramics and pottery is a physical and artisanal profession that transforms clay through manual shaping and thermal control of fire in kilns. AI assists in optimizing the firing process and creating chemical glazes with specific colors predictively. The creation of pieces on the potter's wheel and freehand manual decoration are intrinsically physical and artistic processes that customers value for their human origin.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 66200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1663, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1299, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 364, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2713, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 987, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1726, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2802, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 0.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.11, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 371, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15762763, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.3411 }, { "cno": "7615", "nombre": "Glass blowers, moulders, laminators, cutters and polishers", "sector": "Crafts & Manufacturing", "empleo": 1950, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -24831, "salario_medio_eur": 22350, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Glasswork requires great physical dexterity for blowing and shaping molten material at high temperatures in industrial or artisanal settings. AI autonomously controls furnace temperature and glass tempering to guarantee the physical resistance of the material without internal stress. The artisanal blowing of artistic pieces and the manual cutting of special glass for stained glass windows or optics continue to depend on the skill and lung capacity of the human artisan.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 66200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 514, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 446, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 68, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 294, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 159, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 135, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 331, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1.5, "rescore_C": 2.5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.2, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 384, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15810989, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.5532 }, { "cno": "7616", "nombre": "Sign painters, glass engravers, decorative painters of various articles", "sector": "Crafts & Manufacturing", "empleo": 4245, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -22536, "salario_medio_eur": 22350, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Sign painters and decorative painters perform aesthetic work on physical surfaces, combining digital graphic design with freehand manual execution. AI generates complex lettering designs and decorative patterns that can be directly printed on vinyl automatically. Traditional hand-painted signage on facades or vehicles and artistic glass engraving maintain a niche demand that values the exclusivity and aesthetic imperfection of the human brushstroke.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 66200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1119, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 977, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 142, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3503, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1933, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1570, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 3610, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 5, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 6.5, "rescore_R": 0.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 2.3, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 378, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15795796, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.4864 }, { "cno": "7617", "nombre": "Wood and similar materials craftworkers; basket makers and related", "sector": "Crafts & Manufacturing", "empleo": 1206, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -25575, "salario_medio_eur": 22350, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "This group encompasses wood and basketry artisans who fabricate objects using traditional manual techniques and natural fibers. AI has no profitable application in the manufacture of artisanal baskets or brush-making, which is based on the manual repetition of physical patterns over plant materials. The uniqueness of each artisanal object and the demand for natural and sustainable products in the Spanish market protect these trades based on pure manual skill.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 66200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 318, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 258, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 60, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 767, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 408, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 359, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 806, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 0, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.11, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 392, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15822620, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.6044 }, { "cno": "7618", "nombre": "Textile, leather and similar materials craftworkers, fibre preparers, artisan loom and knitting weavers", "sector": "Crafts & Manufacturing", "empleo": 11285, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -15496, "salario_medio_eur": 22350, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Textile and leather artisans manufacture garments and accessories using manual looms and physical sewing and tanning tools. AI helps in the design of complex patterns and in optimizing material usage through digital cutting software. The manual execution of weaving on traditional looms and the artisanal production of leather goods (leatherwork) maintain a market value based on technical quality and human tradition.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 66200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2975, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1264, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1711, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3053, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 839, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 2214, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 3130, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1.5, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 0, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.16, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 362, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15685752, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.0023 }, { "cno": "7619", "nombre": "Craftworkers n.e.c.", "sector": "Crafts & Manufacturing", "empleo": 9149, "empleo_v10": 26780, "empleo_delta_v11": -17631, "salario_medio_eur": 22350, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "This group includes various unclassified artisans who perform creative manual tasks on diverse materials in physical workshop environments. Their functions are purely operational and depend on fine manual dexterity and aesthetic judgment applied to real objects. The variability of commissions and the low production scale make investment in AI-driven robotic automation uneconomical, preserving unique human artisanal work.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 66200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2412, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2079, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 333, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 644, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 241, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 403, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 668, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.1, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 365, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15716268, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.1365 }, { "cno": "7621", "nombre": "Pre-press process workers", "sector": "Crafts & Manufacturing", "empleo": 5739, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -21042, "salario_medio_eur": 22350, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Prepress workers prepare digital files for physical reproduction in printing houses, a purely technological and data management task. AI already automates color control, page imposition, and error correction in image files autonomously and without errors. Being a technical task based on standardized digital workflows, the vulnerability to full automation through intelligent software is very high.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 66200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1513, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 952, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 561, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1624, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1006, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 618, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1609, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 9, "rescore_C": 8, "rescore_F": 2, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 6.16, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 372, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15768502, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.3663 }, { "cno": "7622", "nombre": "Printing process workers", "sector": "Crafts & Manufacturing", "empleo": 18921, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -7860, "salario_medio_eur": 22350, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Their work consists of operating industrial printing machines, controlling ink and paper flow in a technical physical environment. AI controls print quality in real time through computer vision systems that automatically adjust machine parameters to prevent waste. The human worker is reserved for the physical loading of paper rolls, the manual preparation of inks, and the preventive mechanical maintenance of the printing presses.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 66200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 4988, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 3394, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1594, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 6767, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 4347, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 2420, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 6886, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4, "rescore_C": 4.5, "rescore_F": 8, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.03, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 353, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15559099, "pct_workforce_descending": 68.4451 }, { "cno": "7623", "nombre": "Bookbinding process workers", "sector": "Crafts & Manufacturing", "empleo": 4294, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -22487, "salario_medio_eur": 22350, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Bookbinding workers perform the physical finishing of books and magazines, operating cutting, folding, and stitching machinery in industrial settings. AI optimizes job scheduling in the workshop and controls final quality through high-speed optical sensors. The physical setup of binding machinery and the manual handling of special or artisanal editions maintain the human operational component of the profession.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 66200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1132, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 634, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 498, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1955, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 889, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1066, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1968, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2.5, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 8.5, "rescore_R": 0.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.42, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 376, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15787260, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.4488 }, { "cno": "7701", "nombre": "Slaughterers and meat industry workers", "sector": "Food Industry", "empleo": 70772, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": 43991, "salario_medio_eur": 21853, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Slaughterers and meat workers perform manual butchering of animals in physical slaughterhouse and meat industry environments, an intensely physical task. AI-assisted butchering robotics already performs standard cuts on mass production lines at high speed but lacks the human flexibility for irregular pieces. The physical strength required and manual dexterity for maximum utilization of the animal carcass shield this occupation from full automation.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 228200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 46693, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 31030, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 15663, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 18156, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 9362, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 8794, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 18676, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1.5, "rescore_C": 2.5, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 3.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.15, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 339, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15085890, "pct_workforce_descending": 66.3635 }, { "cno": "7702", "nombre": "Fish industry workers", "sector": "Food Industry", "empleo": 21829, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -4952, "salario_medio_eur": 23591, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Their work in the fish industry involves the manual cleaning, filleting, and packaging of marine species in physical processing environments. AI and computer vision systems already control machines that fillet fish automatically for the mass frozen goods industry. Precision filleting for fishmongers and handling of delicate or non-standard-sized species require the expert hand and physical agility of the specialized worker.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 228200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 14402, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 6913, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 7489, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 4459, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 911, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 3548, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 4483, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1.5, "rescore_C": 2.5, "rescore_F": 9.5, "rescore_R": 3.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.16, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 350, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15499177, "pct_workforce_descending": 68.1815 }, { "cno": "7703", "nombre": "Bakers, pastry cooks and confectioners", "sector": "Food Industry", "empleo": 50330, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": 23549, "salario_medio_eur": 22350, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Bakers and confectioners produce food through physical kneading and baking, a task that combines manual technique with chemical process control. AI helps in optimizing fermentations and controlling oven temperatures to ensure consistent quality autonomously. The artisanal production of sourdough breads and manual decoration of creative pastry maintain a market value that automated industrial production cannot replicate.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 228200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 33206, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 17271, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 15935, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 21323, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 10539, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 10784, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 21707, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.28, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 342, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15250791, "pct_workforce_descending": 67.0889 }, { "cno": "7704", "nombre": "Dairy product workers (including ice cream)", "sector": "Food Industry", "empleo": 11471, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -15310, "salario_medio_eur": 23591, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Dairy product workers operate milk processing and cheese-making machinery in physical industrial or artisanal environments. AI autonomously controls pasteurization cycles and cheese maturation through smart humidity and temperature sensors. The physical handling of rennet, manual turning of cheeses, and technical supervision of food hygiene in the plant ensure the continuity of human operational work.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 228200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 7568, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 4294, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 3274, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1191, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 517, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 674, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1193, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.56, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 361, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15674467, "pct_workforce_descending": 68.9526 }, { "cno": "7705", "nombre": "Fruit and vegetable preservers and non-alcoholic beverage workers", "sector": "Food Industry", "empleo": 56199, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": 29418, "salario_medio_eur": 23591, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "These workers process fruits and beverages in industrial plants, operating high-volume physical washing, cutting, and packaging lines. AI and computer vision already automate fruit classification by color and size and detect impurities in bottles at ultra-high speed. The manual component shifts toward supervision of heavy machinery, physical logistical loading, and maintenance of food safety standards on the production line.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 228200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 37078, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 12853, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 24225, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 24008, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 3729, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 20279, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 24705, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.56, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 341, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15200461, "pct_workforce_descending": 66.8675 }, { "cno": "7706", "nombre": "Alcoholic beverage workers (other than wine)", "sector": "Food Industry", "empleo": 1249, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -25532, "salario_medio_eur": 27316, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Their work consists of producing beers, spirits, and other beverages, combining digital chemical processes with physical plant supervision. AI optimizes recipes and fermentation times based on real-time chemical analysis to maximize alcohol yield. Physical supervision of tanks, manual control of racking, and sensory tasting to ensure the desired flavor profile maintain the value of the human master brewer.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 228200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 824, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 670, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 154, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 212, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 171, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 41, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 196, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 8, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.61, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 391, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15821414, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.5991 }, { "cno": "7707", "nombre": "Wine production workers", "sector": "Food Industry", "empleo": 6969, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -19812, "salario_medio_eur": 27316, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Wine workers perform cellar tasks (racking, barrel cleaning) and supervise fermentation in a physical environment of great tradition in Spain. AI continuously monitors oenological parameters and alerts to deviations in the chemical quality of the must automatically. The physical work in the cellar, which includes manual handling of grapes and barrels, and the expert sensory judgment of the winemaker protect this occupation from automation.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 228200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 4598, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 3421, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1177, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1460, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1110, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 350, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1345, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3.5, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 8, "rescore_R": 3.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.69, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 370, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15756455, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.3133 }, { "cno": "7708", "nombre": "Tobacco preparers and product makers", "sector": "Food Industry", "empleo": 344, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -26437, "salario_medio_eur": 23591, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Their work in the tobacco industry involves drying, fermenting, and manufacturing products using physically supervised digital machinery. AI autonomously controls the humidity and temperature of drying rooms to guarantee consistent leaf quality. The human worker handles final visual quality control and the physical operation of rolling and packaging machines at the industrial plant, manual tasks that require technical supervision.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 228200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 227, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 95, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 132, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 197, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 63, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 134, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 206, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2.5, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 4, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.33, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 401, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15828130, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.6286 }, { "cno": "7709", "nombre": "Food and beverage tasters and classifiers", "sector": "Food Industry", "empleo": 9038, "empleo_v10": 26780, "empleo_delta_v11": -17742, "salario_medio_eur": 26075, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Tasters and classifiers evaluate the sensory quality (taste, smell, sight) of food and beverages to certify their commercial grade in physical environments. AI-powered 'electronic tongues' can already detect complex chemical profiles and classify the quality of oils or wines with great analytical precision. However, human pleasure judgment and the ability to detect subjective nuances that define gastronomic excellence for the market remain human prerogatives.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 228200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 5963, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2328, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 3635, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3354, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 603, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 2751, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 3398, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 4.5, "rescore_F": 6.5, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.77, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 366, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15725306, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.1763 }, { "cno": "7811", "nombre": "Wood treatment workers", "sector": "Crafts & Manufacturing", "empleo": 2760, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -24021, "salario_medio_eur": 23591, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Timber treatment workers operate sawmills and drying plants, handling heavy logs and timber in physical industrial environments. AI optimizes the cutting of each log through 3D laser scanning to autonomously maximize fiber utilization. The supervision of heavy cutting machinery, physical maintenance of saws, and logistical handling of timber require a human operational presence with great physical strength.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 113700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 4678, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 4347, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 331, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 707, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 574, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 133, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 698, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2.5, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.39, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 380, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15802292, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.5149 }, { "cno": "7812", "nombre": "Woodworking machine setters and operators", "sector": "Crafts & Manufacturing", "empleo": 1093, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -25688, "salario_medio_eur": 23591, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Wood machine operators work in workshops manufacturing boards and furniture parts using digital cutting and milling machinery. Most of these machines are CNC and programmed through software that AI optimizes to efficiently reduce waste and manufacturing times. The human operator handles manual feeding of wood, technical process supervision, and visual quality control of finished parts in the physical workshop.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 113700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1852, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1622, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 230, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2911, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2133, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 778, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2979, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 8, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.14, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 393, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15823713, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.6092 }, { "cno": "7820", "nombre": "Cabinet makers and related workers", "sector": "Crafts & Manufacturing", "empleo": 1703, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -25078, "salario_medio_eur": 23591, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Cabinet makers manufacture high-quality furniture through artisanal joinery techniques and manual finishing on fine wood in workshop settings. AI assists in the aesthetic design of furniture and in the structural calculation of joints to digitally ensure the final product's durability. Manual decorative carving, the fine adjustment of drawers and doors, and artisanal hand finishing (varnishing, waxing) maintain the human artistic component of the trade.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 113700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2887, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2675, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 212, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 6704, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 5891, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 813, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 6835, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 0.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.32, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 386, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15814476, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.5685 }, { "cno": "7831", "nombre": "Tailors, dressmakers, furriers and hatters", "sector": "Crafts & Manufacturing", "empleo": 2019, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -24762, "salario_medio_eur": 23591, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Tailors and dressmakers design and make made-to-measure garments, requiring great manual precision and a sense of aesthetics and physical ergonomics. AI assists in creating personalized patterns and in the instant digital simulation of how fabric will drape on a 3D body. Physical measurement-taking on the client, manual cutting of delicate fabrics, and high-precision sewing maintain the value of specialized artisanal work against mass industry.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 113700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 3423, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 600, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 2823, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 14470, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 693, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 13777, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 15110, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 8.5, "rescore_R": 0.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.67, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 383, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15809039, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.5446 }, { "cno": "7832", "nombre": "Textile and leather pattern makers", "sector": "Crafts & Manufacturing", "empleo": 509, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -26272, "salario_medio_eur": 23591, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Pattern makers translate fashion designs into technical plans for manufacturing, working with specialized textile CAD software in digital environments. AI already automates size grading and cutting optimization (marker making) to save fabric far more efficiently than an experienced human. Being a technical task based on geometry and design data management, the vulnerability to automation by intelligent software is high in the textile industry.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 113700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 862, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 222, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 640, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2342, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 241, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 2101, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2367, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 8, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 2.5, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 4.65, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 398, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15826987, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.6236 }, { "cno": "7833", "nombre": "Fabric, leather, hide and other materials cutters", "sector": "Crafts & Manufacturing", "empleo": 398, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -26383, "salario_medio_eur": 23591, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Textile and leather cutters operate industrial cutting machines to prepare garment and footwear pieces in physical factory environments. AI controls laser or oscillating blade cutting systems that follow digital patterns with extreme precision and material utilization. The human worker is reserved for the physical placement of natural hides (which present unique irregularities) and for the technical supervision of automatic cutting systems.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 113700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 674, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 374, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 300, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1691, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 467, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1224, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1816, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 8.5, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.66, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 400, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15827786, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.6271 }, { "cno": "7834", "nombre": "Hand sewers, embroiderers and related", "sector": "Crafts & Manufacturing", "empleo": 2035, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -24746, "salario_medio_eur": 23591, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Hand sewers and embroiderers perform high-precision decorative work on textiles, requiring fine manual dexterity and great patience. Industrial embroidery machinery with AI already produces complex patterns with thousands of stitches automatically and flawlessly. However, artisanal haute couture sewing, repair of antique fabrics, and manual artistic embroidery maintain a luxury demand based on exclusivity and expert human craftsmanship.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 113700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 3449, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 620, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 2829, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 12473, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 329, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 12144, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 13053, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1.5, "rescore_C": 2.5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 0, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.21, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 382, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15807020, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.5357 }, { "cno": "7835", "nombre": "Upholsterers, mattress makers and related", "sector": "Crafts & Manufacturing", "empleo": 1579, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -25202, "salario_medio_eur": 23591, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Upholsterers and mattress makers manufacture and repair resting furniture, combining the use of foams, springs, and fabrics through physical manual techniques. AI helps in the ergonomic design of seats and in planning the cutting of upholstery fabrics digitally. The manual tensioning of fabrics, physical stapling onto irregular wooden frames, and restoration of antique furniture require a physical skill and tactical judgment that robotics does not possess.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 113700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2677, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2124, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 553, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3945, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2204, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1741, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 4109, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 0.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.32, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 387, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15816055, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.5755 }, { "cno": "7836", "nombre": "Tanners and hide preparers", "sector": "Crafts & Manufacturing", "empleo": 338, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -26443, "salario_medio_eur": 23591, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Tanners transform hides into leather through chemical and mechanical processes in physical industrial environments, requiring constant technical supervision. AI autonomously controls immersion times in chemical products and drying temperature to guarantee the flexibility and quality of the leather. The physical handling of heavy, wet hides and the visual classification of natural defects in the skin require the human worker's operational presence and expert eye.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 113700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 573, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 458, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 115, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 188, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 149, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 39, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 200, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.3, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 402, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15828468, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.6301 }, { "cno": "7837", "nombre": "Shoemakers and related", "sector": "Crafts & Manufacturing", "empleo": 3736, "empleo_v10": 26780, "empleo_delta_v11": -23044, "salario_medio_eur": 23591, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Shoemakers and related workers manufacture and repair footwear, combining leather stitching with sole gluing and finishing in physical workshop or factory settings. AI assists in 3D shoe design and orthopedic customization through digital foot scanning. Artisanal repair (replacing heel tips, soles) and handmade manufacture of high-end shoes maintain the component of fine manual dexterity and technical knowledge of physical materials.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 113700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 6332, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 3260, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 3072, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 6854, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2314, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 4540, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 7130, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 1.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.15, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 379, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15799532, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.5028 }, { "cno": "7891", "nombre": "Divers", "sector": "Crafts & Manufacturing", "empleo": 1784, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -24997, "salario_medio_eur": 23591, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Divers perform underwater work (repairs, welding, inspection) in hostile physical environments of high danger and pressure. AI facilitates diver health monitoring and assists in underwater navigation through sonar and intelligent telemetry systems. Given the complexity of physical manipulation in fluid environments and the need for human judgment for safety under zero-visibility conditions, this profession remains essentially human and on-site.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 113700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 3024, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2844, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 180, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1000, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 881, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 119, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 926, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 6.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.1, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 385, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15812773, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.561 }, { "cno": "7892", "nombre": "Gluers", "sector": "Crafts & Manufacturing", "empleo": 50, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -26731, "salario_medio_eur": 23591, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Their work consists of manual gluing of components in various industrial processes, requiring physical operational precision and speed in workshop environments. Industrial robotics already performs gluing and sealing tasks on stable production lines through automatic dispensers controlled by computer vision AI. The human worker is retained for gluing pieces with complex geometries or varied materials in short-run productions that do not justify automation.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 113700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 85, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 51, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 34, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 200, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 197, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 3, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 219, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 9.5, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.13, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 405, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15829057, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.6327 }, { "cno": "7893", "nombre": "Product classifiers and testers (except food, beverages and tobacco)", "sector": "Crafts & Manufacturing", "empleo": 401, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -26380, "salario_medio_eur": 23591, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Classifiers and testers perform physical quality controls on various industrial products to detect defects before commercialization. Computer vision AI and precision sensors already automate the detection of aesthetic and functional flaws much faster and more objectively than the human eye. The human worker handles auditing AI systems, calibrating test equipment, and physically managing defective parts detected by the system.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 113700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 679, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 416, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 263, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2076, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 270, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1806, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2224, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 7, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.55, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 399, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15827388, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.6253 }, { "cno": "7894", "nombre": "Fumigators and other pest and weed controllers", "sector": "Crafts & Manufacturing", "empleo": 1292, "empleo_v10": 26781, "empleo_delta_v11": -25489, "salario_medio_eur": 23591, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Fumigators and pest controllers apply chemical products to eliminate insects or rodents in urban, agricultural, or industrial physical environments. AI assists through IoT-connected smart traps that alert to pest presence and predict activity peaks based on climate conditions. The physical application of biocides in hard-to-access areas and the on-site inspection to identify the source of the infestation require direct and expert human technical intervention.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 113700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2190, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1926, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 264, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2362, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1500, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 862, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2416, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2.5, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.41, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 390, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15820165, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.5936 }, { "cno": "7899", "nombre": "Craft and trade workers n.e.c.", "sector": "Crafts & Manufacturing", "empleo": 94004, "empleo_v10": 26780, "empleo_delta_v11": 67224, "salario_medio_eur": 23591, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "This group encompasses tradespeople and artisans from various trades who perform manual and technical tasks in varied physical environments. Their functions depend on physical strength, the use of hand tools, and the ability to adapt to the specific conditions of the job or workplace. Being tasks of high physical intensity and low digital scale, AI does not offer competitive automation solutions, maintaining these positions as bastions of specialized human operational work.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 113700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 159337, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 120621, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 38716, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 875, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 442, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 433, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 794, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 3.5, "rescore_F": 8.5, "rescore_R": 1.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.37, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 338, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15015118, "pct_workforce_descending": 66.0521 }, { "cno": "8111", "nombre": "Miners and other mining plant operators", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 4349, "empleo_v10": 2408, "empleo_delta_v11": 1941, "salario_medio_eur": 32458, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Miners and extraction operators work in physical underground or open-pit environments handling heavy machinery and explosives. AI facilitates the teleoperation of excavators and mining trucks, as well as monitoring gallery stability through intelligent sensors to prevent collapses. However, physical maintenance of machinery at the mine and human intervention in the face of unforeseen geological or mechanical incidents on-site partially protect the field operator's occupation.", "census_2021_employed": 8640, "epa_2digit_empleo": 429500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 924, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 847, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 77, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 920, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 890, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 30, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1003, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 6, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.52, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 306, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12654517, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.6677 }, { "cno": "8112", "nombre": "Mineral and rock processing plant operators", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 5366, "empleo_v10": 2408, "empleo_delta_v11": 2958, "salario_medio_eur": 32458, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "These operators manage mineral processing plants, controlling crushing and classification machines in heavy physical industrial environments. AI optimizes crushing cycles to save energy and improve the purity of extracted mineral through real-time sensor data analysis. Physical supervision of conveyor belts, clearing mechanical jams, and maintenance of industrial mills require a constant human operational presence at the plant.", "census_2021_employed": 8640, "epa_2digit_empleo": 429500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1140, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 999, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 141, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1632, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1416, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 216, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1547, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3.5, "rescore_C": 5.5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.79, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 302, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12635138, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.5825 }, { "cno": "8113", "nombre": "Well drillers and related workers", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 3700, "empleo_v10": 2408, "empleo_delta_v11": 1292, "salario_medio_eur": 28031, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Well drillers operate drilling machinery for water extraction or geological research, a technical physical task performed outdoors. AI assists with predictive analysis of terrain structure to guide drilling and digitally avoid excessively hard rock zones. The physical assembly of the drill rig, manual handling of drilling pipes, and response to deep mechanical problems during the borehole operation shield this manual technical occupation.", "census_2021_employed": 8640, "epa_2digit_empleo": 429500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 786, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 767, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 19, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 666, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 650, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 16, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 682, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 9.5, "rescore_R": 6, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.55, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 309, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12666589, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.7209 }, { "cno": "8114", "nombre": "Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing machinery operators", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 16889, "empleo_v10": 2407, "empleo_delta_v11": 14482, "salario_medio_eur": 32458, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Operators of machines for non-metallic minerals manufacture products such as cement or glass in physical industrial environments with high temperatures and noise. AI autonomously controls the chemical parameters of the mixture and the thermal efficiency of industrial kilns to reduce emissions and costs. The human worker handles the feeding of raw materials, physical plant safety supervision, and basic maintenance of the heavy manufacturing machinery.", "census_2021_employed": 8640, "epa_2digit_empleo": 429500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 3588, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 3225, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 363, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1418, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1375, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 43, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1458, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 2.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.72, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 283, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12441881, "pct_workforce_descending": 54.7324 }, { "cno": "8121", "nombre": "Metal smelting and transformation plant operators", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 48527, "empleo_v10": 17492, "empleo_delta_v11": 31035, "salario_medio_eur": 28031, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Metallurgical operators manage smelting furnaces and metal rolling lines in large-scale physical industrial environments. AI optimizes metal alloy composition in real time through laboratory data analytics and autonomously controls the cooling of parts with precision. The on-site supervision of molten metal pours, mechanical maintenance of rolling mill rollers, and safety management in the hostile plant environment protect the human position.", "census_2021_employed": 28872, "epa_2digit_empleo": 429500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 61803, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 40309, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 21494, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1724, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1630, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 94, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1625, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 8.5, "rescore_R": 4, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.1, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 261, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11799738, "pct_workforce_descending": 51.9075 }, { "cno": "8122", "nombre": "Metal polishing, galvanising and coating machine operators", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 2107, "empleo_v10": 17491, "empleo_delta_v11": -15384, "salario_medio_eur": 28031, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "These operators handle machines for metal coating and polishing (galvanizing, anodizing) in physical industrial environments involving chemical processes. AI autonomously controls immersion times and electrical current in electrolytic baths to ensure a uniform, high-quality finish. The human operator handles the physical loading and unloading of parts on the line and the technical supervision of chemical baths and operational safety of the facility.", "census_2021_employed": 28872, "epa_2digit_empleo": 429500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2683, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2184, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 499, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1245, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1064, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 181, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1214, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.7, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 316, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12684032, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.7976 }, { "cno": "8131", "nombre": "Chemical industrial plant operators", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 29834, "empleo_v10": 6271, "empleo_delta_v11": 23563, "salario_medio_eur": 31867, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Chemical plant operators supervise the large-scale manufacture of chemical compounds from digital control rooms and on the physical plant floor itself. AI autonomously controls chemical reactions, adjusting pressures and flows to maximize process yield and safety on a constant basis. The human worker physically intervenes for sample collection, manual loading of reagents, and immediate response to safety emergencies at the chemical facility.", "census_2021_employed": 16218, "epa_2digit_empleo": 429500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 18044, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 13174, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 4870, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2620, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1936, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 684, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2517, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 5, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 8, "rescore_R": 6, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.47, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 272, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12186948, "pct_workforce_descending": 53.6109 }, { "cno": "8132", "nombre": "Pharmaceutical, cosmetic and related product manufacturing machine operators", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 11452, "empleo_v10": 6270, "empleo_delta_v11": 5182, "salario_medio_eur": 31867, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "These operators handle pharmaceutical manufacturing and packaging machines in physical sterile environments under strict digital quality protocols. AI monitors drug purity and autonomously controls packaging line speed to avoid bottlenecks and labeling errors. Physical supervision of machinery cleaning, manual mold and format changes, and compliance with EU GMP standards ensure the continuity of human labor.", "census_2021_employed": 16218, "epa_2digit_empleo": 429500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 6926, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 3177, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 3749, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1764, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 480, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1284, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1627, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 5, "rescore_C": 7, "rescore_F": 8, "rescore_R": 7, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.37, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 289, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12530232, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.121 }, { "cno": "8133", "nombre": "Photographic laboratory and related operators", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 1377, "empleo_v10": 6270, "empleo_delta_v11": -4893, "salario_medio_eur": 28031, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Photographic laboratory operators process and develop images using digital machinery and chemical processes in technical physical laboratory environments. AI already performs 90% of color correction, red-eye removal, and image restoration work automatically and flawlessly. As this work has shifted from chemical to purely digital, vulnerability to complete automation by intelligent image processing software is extremely high.", "census_2021_employed": 16218, "epa_2digit_empleo": 429500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 833, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 487, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 346, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3934, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1687, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 2247, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 3940, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 7, "rescore_C": 8.5, "rescore_F": 5.5, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 4.1, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 320, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12690307, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.8252 }, { "cno": "8141", "nombre": "Rubber and natural resin product manufacturing machine operators", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 4154, "empleo_v10": 4627, "empleo_delta_v11": -473, "salario_medio_eur": 28031, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Rubber product operators handle vulcanizing and physical forming machines in industrial environments, requiring constant technical supervision. AI optimizes heating and pressure cycles to ensure the elastic quality of rubber autonomously and efficiently based on thermal data. The human operator handles the physical loading of raw materials, manual demolding of complex parts, and preventive mechanical maintenance of the hydraulic presses at the plant.", "census_2021_employed": 19665, "epa_2digit_empleo": 429500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2384, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1907, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 477, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1511, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1170, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 341, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1490, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 5.5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 2.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.79, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 308, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12662889, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.7046 }, { "cno": "8142", "nombre": "Plastic product manufacturing machine operators", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 20347, "empleo_v10": 4627, "empleo_delta_v11": 15720, "salario_medio_eur": 28031, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Plastic machine operators handle injection molding and extrusion machines in physical industrial environments to manufacture consumer or industrial parts. AI autonomously controls machine parameters to reduce plastic waste and constantly improve the dimensional accuracy of parts. The human operator handles the physical change of heavy molds, visual quality supervision of parts, and basic maintenance of the polymer processing machinery.", "census_2021_employed": 19665, "epa_2digit_empleo": 429500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 11677, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 8325, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 3352, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 7879, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 4739, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 3140, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 7607, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 5.5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 2.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.79, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 280, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12388287, "pct_workforce_descending": 54.4966 }, { "cno": "8143", "nombre": "Paper and cardboard product manufacturing machine operators", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 55854, "empleo_v10": 4627, "empleo_delta_v11": 51227, "salario_medio_eur": 28031, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "These operators handle large-scale machinery for paper and cardboard manufacturing, operating in physical industrial environments with high humidity and noise. AI controls the speed of winding machines and the chemical composition of paper pulp to ensure uniform quality and low energy consumption autonomously. The human worker supervises the continuity of the paper web, manages physical line breaks, and performs mechanical maintenance of the rollers.", "census_2021_employed": 19665, "epa_2digit_empleo": 429500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 32054, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 22105, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 9949, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1407, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 913, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 494, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1452, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 5.5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.82, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 258, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11643301, "pct_workforce_descending": 51.2194 }, { "cno": "8144", "nombre": "Sawmill, board manufacturing and related wood/cork treatment machine operators", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 3250, "empleo_v10": 4626, "empleo_delta_v11": -1376, "salario_medio_eur": 28031, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Sawmill operators handle heavy cutting and sawing machinery for wood in physical industrial environments, requiring constant vigilance. AI assists through computer vision to determine the optimal cut for each log based on grain and knots automatically. The human operator handles the manual manipulation of timber pieces, physical safety supervision around the saws, and replacement of worn cutting tools in the workshop.", "census_2021_employed": 19665, "epa_2digit_empleo": 429500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1865, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1693, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 172, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1126, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 954, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 172, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1115, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 2.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.72, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 310, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12669839, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.7352 }, { "cno": "8145", "nombre": "Paper pulp and paper manufacturing plant operators", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 2614, "empleo_v10": 4626, "empleo_delta_v11": -2012, "salario_medio_eur": 28031, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Their work consists of operating industrial plants for pulp manufacturing, combining digital chemical processes and physical mechanical handling. AI optimizes the use of bleaching products and energy based on the quality of incoming wood autonomously within the plant control system. The human worker physically intervenes in the maintenance of defibrators, discharge control, and technical supervision of pulp filtration systems.", "census_2021_employed": 19665, "epa_2digit_empleo": 429500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1500, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1167, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 333, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 849, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 652, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 197, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 831, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 8.5, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.17, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 311, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12672453, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.7467 }, { "cno": "8151", "nombre": "Fibre preparation, spinning and winding machine operators", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 14114, "empleo_v10": 2850, "empleo_delta_v11": 11264, "salario_medio_eur": 28031, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Textile operators handle spinning and winding machines in high-speed physical industrial environments, requiring constant visual attention. AI controls thread tension and automatically detects breakages through optical sensors, stopping the machine to prevent production losses. The human worker handles manual thread knotting after a break, physical loading of new bobbins, and basic maintenance of the complex industrial spinning machinery.", "census_2021_employed": 17127, "epa_2digit_empleo": 429500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1632, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 984, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 648, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2032, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 711, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1321, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2155, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 1.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.76, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 288, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12518780, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.0706 }, { "cno": "8152", "nombre": "Loom and other weaving machine operators", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 8086, "empleo_v10": 2849, "empleo_delta_v11": 5237, "salario_medio_eur": 28031, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "These operators handle mechanical and industrial looms that produce large-volume fabrics in physical industrial environments with high digital automation. AI monitors fabric quality in real time through computer vision and automatically adjusts loom parameters to correct weft or warp defects. The human operator handles the physical preparation of the warp, manual bobbin changes, and operational safety supervision in the weaving room.", "census_2021_employed": 17127, "epa_2digit_empleo": 429500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 935, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 481, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 454, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3282, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 645, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 2637, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 3458, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 5.5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 1.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.84, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 294, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12580128, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.3405 }, { "cno": "8153", "nombre": "Sewing and embroidery machine operators", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 27449, "empleo_v10": 2849, "empleo_delta_v11": 24600, "salario_medio_eur": 28031, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Industrial sewing machine operators manufacture garments and textile articles by manually handling fabrics under the machine head. Although AI-controlled sewing automatons exist for straight and simple seams, complex garment assembly requires human manual dexterity and physical coordination. The agility to position irregular fabric pieces and visual supervision of the stitch maintain the need for human seamstresses in the factory.", "census_2021_employed": 17127, "epa_2digit_empleo": 429500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 3174, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 749, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 2425, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 26478, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 870, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 25608, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 27886, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.94, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 276, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12300870, "pct_workforce_descending": 54.112 }, { "cno": "8154", "nombre": "Textile bleaching, dyeing, printing and finishing machine operators", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 9772, "empleo_v10": 2849, "empleo_delta_v11": 6923, "salario_medio_eur": 28031, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Their work consists of operating machinery for textile dyeing and finishing, combining digital chemical processes and physical handling of fabric rolls. AI autonomously controls the dye mixture to ensure the exact requested color and efficiently optimizes water and energy consumption. The human worker handles the physical loading and unloading of textiles, manual preparation of chemicals, and technical maintenance of industrial dyeing vats.", "census_2021_employed": 17127, "epa_2digit_empleo": 429500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1130, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 566, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 564, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 5054, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 827, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 4227, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 5326, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 8.5, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.24, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 292, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12562553, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.2632 }, { "cno": "8155", "nombre": "Hide and leather treatment machine operators", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 2551, "empleo_v10": 2849, "empleo_delta_v11": -298, "salario_medio_eur": 28031, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Leather machine operators process hides in physical industrial environments using tanning and finishing machinery with high chemical and mechanical demands. AI autonomously controls treatment times and leather thickness through precision sensors that automatically adjust splitting machines. The manual component focuses on the physical handling of hides, visual quality classification, and safety supervision in the tannery environment.", "census_2021_employed": 17127, "epa_2digit_empleo": 429500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 295, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 172, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 123, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 411, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 259, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 152, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 442, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.74, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 312, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12675004, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.7579 }, { "cno": "8156", "nombre": "Footwear, leather goods and glove manufacturing machine operators", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 20643, "empleo_v10": 2849, "empleo_delta_v11": 17794, "salario_medio_eur": 28031, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "These operators handle machinery for the industrial manufacture of footwear and leather goods, integrating physical technical cutting, gluing, and stitching processes. AI controls automatic laser cutting systems and optimizes leather usage through computer vision analytics that autonomously avoids natural defects. The human worker handles the physical assembly of pieces on the last, final manual quality control, and mechanical maintenance of factory machines.", "census_2021_employed": 17127, "epa_2digit_empleo": 429500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2387, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1231, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1156, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 8706, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2350, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 6356, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 9114, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.78, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 279, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12367940, "pct_workforce_descending": 54.4071 }, { "cno": "8159", "nombre": "Textile product manufacturing machine operators n.e.c.", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 22511, "empleo_v10": 2849, "empleo_delta_v11": 19662, "salario_medio_eur": 28031, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "This group encompasses operators of various textile machines who perform technical manufacturing processes in physical and digital industrial environments. AI optimizes production flows and automatically controls final product quality through intelligent sensors on mass manufacturing lines. The human operator's role is reserved for resolving physical jams, loading raw materials, and preventive mechanical maintenance of specialized machinery.", "census_2021_employed": 17127, "epa_2digit_empleo": 429500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2603, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1293, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1310, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 377, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 148, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 229, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 385, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.78, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 278, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12347297, "pct_workforce_descending": 54.3163 }, { "cno": "8160", "nombre": "Food, beverage and tobacco processing machine operators", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 6108, "empleo_v10": 7680, "empleo_delta_v11": -1572, "salario_medio_eur": 28031, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Food industry operators handle food and beverage processing machinery in physical factory environments under strict hygiene standards. AI autonomously controls cooking, mixing, and packaging cycles to digitally ensure food safety and recipe compliance. The human worker handles visual line supervision, deep manual cleaning of equipment, and physical intervention during breakdowns or production stoppages.", "census_2021_employed": 6966, "epa_2digit_empleo": 429500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 38837, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 22017, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 16820, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 7719, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 3114, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 4605, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 7855, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.99, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 301, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12629772, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.5589 }, { "cno": "8170", "nombre": "Laundry and dry-cleaning machine operators", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 35742, "empleo_v10": 50732, "empleo_delta_v11": -14990, "salario_medio_eur": 28031, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "These operators handle industrial washing machines and dry-cleaning equipment, treating large volumes of clothing in physical environments with automatic thermal and chemical processes. AI optimizes washing programs and detergent consumption based on weight and fabric type autonomously and efficiently using sensors. The manual component is essential for pre-sorting clothing, precision final pressing, and physical handling of textile bundles at the laundry plant.", "census_2021_employed": 40761, "epa_2digit_empleo": 429500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 13279, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 6193, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 7086, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 9771, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1545, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 8226, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 10111, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.4, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 265, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11959537, "pct_workforce_descending": 52.6105 }, { "cno": "8191", "nombre": "Glass and ceramics kiln and plant operators", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 7282, "empleo_v10": 39804, "empleo_delta_v11": -32522, "salario_medio_eur": 28031, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Glass and ceramics operators handle large-scale industrial kilns that operate with continuous thermal processes in hostile physical environments. AI autonomously controls the kiln temperature curve and fuel feed to digitally ensure product quality and minimize emissions. The human worker supervises the physical integrity of the kiln, manages mold loading, and performs mechanical maintenance of parts transport systems at the plant.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 429500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 4296, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 3687, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 609, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 4622, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 3524, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1098, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 4718, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3.5, "rescore_C": 5.5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.9, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 297, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12602883, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.4406 }, { "cno": "8192", "nombre": "Boiler and steam engine operators", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 1204, "empleo_v10": 39804, "empleo_delta_v11": -38600, "salario_medio_eur": 28031, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "These operators handle boilers and steam turbines in industrial or power plants, managing high-pressure physical systems from digital panels. AI autonomously optimizes combustion and the thermal efficiency of the system, predicting anomalies that could lead to critical failures or explosions. The human operator's responsibility lies in supervising the physical safety of the facility and taking immediate manual action during systemic failures or thermal emergencies.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 429500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 710, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 686, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 24, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 382, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 368, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 14, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 342, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 6.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.56, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 321, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12691511, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.8305 }, { "cno": "8193", "nombre": "Packaging, bottling and labelling machine operators", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 30208, "empleo_v10": 39804, "empleo_delta_v11": -9596, "salario_medio_eur": 28031, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Packaging and bottling operators handle high-speed automatic lines that package products in digitally supervised physical industrial environments. AI computer vision detects defective bottles or misplaced labels and instantly and automatically ejects failed units from the line. The human worker handles the physical supply of labels and containers, line format changes, and manual resolution of jams in the industrial packaging machinery.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 429500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 17820, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 8580, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 9240, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 8868, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1980, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 6888, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 9166, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 4.5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.42, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 271, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12157114, "pct_workforce_descending": 53.4797 }, { "cno": "8199", "nombre": "Stationary plant and machinery operators n.e.c.", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 33981, "empleo_v10": 39803, "empleo_delta_v11": -5822, "salario_medio_eur": 28031, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "This group encompasses operators of various fixed installations who perform technical industrial processes in physical factory environments with digital support. AI facilitates remote energy efficiency management and proactively monitors machine status through predictive analytics systems. The human operator's role is maintained for conducting physical visual inspections, basic manual maintenance, and leading the response to operational contingencies in the industrial environment.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 429500, "sepe_contracts_2024": 20046, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 16825, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 3221, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 753, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 726, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 27, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 705, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 4, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.66, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 268, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12062607, "pct_workforce_descending": 53.0639 }, { "cno": "8201", "nombre": "Mechanical machinery assemblers", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 17253, "empleo_v10": 39804, "empleo_delta_v11": -22551, "salario_medio_eur": 27870, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Machinery assemblers mount complex mechanical parts on industrial production lines, requiring physical strength and technical manual dexterity. AI-assisted assembly robotics already performs much of the assembly in mass sectors such as automotive with superhuman precision and speed. The human worker is reserved for assembling delicate components, integrating customized systems, and final manual quality control of finished machinery.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 118400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 10514, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 7772, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 2742, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 8609, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 6242, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 2367, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 8061, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 2.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.39, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 226, "cumulative_workers_descending": 10995087, "pct_workforce_descending": 48.3678 }, { "cno": "8202", "nombre": "Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 13976, "empleo_v10": 39804, "empleo_delta_v11": -25828, "salario_medio_eur": 30804, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Their work consists of assembling electronic and electrical components in circuits and devices, requiring fine manual dexterity and technical visual acuity. AI-automated surface mount technology (SMT) lines place thousands of electronic components per hour autonomously and infallibly. The human operator handles the physical feeding of machines, manual assembly of cables and connectors, and technical verification of finished devices at the factory.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 118400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 8517, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 6482, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 2035, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 14402, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 10742, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 3660, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 14233, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 4.5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.63, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 227, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11009063, "pct_workforce_descending": 48.4293 }, { "cno": "8209", "nombre": "Assemblers n.e.c.", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 87164, "empleo_v10": 39803, "empleo_delta_v11": 47361, "salario_medio_eur": 27870, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "This group includes assemblers of various products who perform manual or semi-automatic assembly tasks in physical industrial manufacturing environments. AI and collaborative robotics already automate much of the repetitive and simple assemblies, increasing productivity in digitalized manufacturing lines. The human component persists in short-run assemblies, products with flexible materials, or tasks requiring immediate tactical manual decision-making.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 118400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 53118, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 45947, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 7171, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 22937, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 17937, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 5000, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 22447, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.3, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 206, "cumulative_workers_descending": 10149615, "pct_workforce_descending": 44.6486 }, { "cno": "8311", "nombre": "Locomotive engine drivers", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 4854, "empleo_v10": 7968, "empleo_delta_v11": -3114, "salario_medio_eur": 30597, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 4, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Railway drivers operate passenger or freight trains using digital in-cab control systems and physical track surveillance. AI and ATO (Automatic Train Operation) systems already enable autonomous driving on metro and commuter rail networks with high safety and operational efficiency. The human driver's presence is maintained for managing physical emergencies, signaling system failures, and supervising passenger safety on the train.", "census_2021_employed": 13887, "epa_2digit_empleo": 265600, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2605, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2158, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 447, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3493, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2408, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1085, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 3797, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4, "rescore_C": 5.5, "rescore_F": 8.5, "rescore_R": 8, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.76, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 8379972, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 36.8638, "rank_in_descending": 183, "cumulative_workers_descending": 8342757, "pct_workforce_descending": 36.7001 }, { "cno": "8312", "nombre": "Railway shunting agents", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 255, "empleo_v10": 7967, "empleo_delta_v11": -7712, "salario_medio_eur": 22359, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Their work consists of coupling, uncoupling, and shunting wagons at railway stations and depots, a purely physical outdoor task. It is dangerous work that requires great manual strength, physical agility to get on and off trains, and direct visual coordination with the driver. No AI or mobile robotics technology currently exists in Spain capable of performing these maneuvers safely and cost-effectively in the real rail environment.", "census_2021_employed": 13887, "epa_2digit_empleo": 265600, "sepe_contracts_2024": 137, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 105, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 32, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 114, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 88, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 26, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 110, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 7, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.43, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 404, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15829007, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.6325 }, { "cno": "8321", "nombre": "Mobile agricultural machinery operators", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 194019, "empleo_v10": 389771, "empleo_delta_v11": -195752, "salario_medio_eur": 22359, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Agricultural machinery operators drive tractors and harvesters for physical cultivation tasks on large rural outdoor farms. Currently, AI enables autonomous driving through high-precision GPS and automatically optimizes the use of agricultural inputs during operation. The human operator remains necessary to supervise the machine's mechanics, make manual adjustments to implements, and maneuver on difficult or irregular terrain.", "census_2021_employed": 557073, "epa_2digit_empleo": 265600, "sepe_contracts_2024": 37360, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 36079, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1281, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 4123, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 4012, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 111, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 4091, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 2.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.72, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 333, "cumulative_workers_descending": 14392847, "pct_workforce_descending": 63.3147 }, { "cno": "8322", "nombre": "Mobile forestry machinery operators", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 10937, "empleo_v10": 389771, "empleo_delta_v11": -378834, "salario_medio_eur": 22359, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Forestry machinery operators handle processors and forwarders in rugged natural environments for logging and timber transport, a physically risky task. AI assists in navigating through the forest and automating the cutting and classification of logs through intelligent computer vision systems. The harshness of the wooded physical environment and the need for constant tactical manual decision-making to avoid accidents shield the human operator's occupation.", "census_2021_employed": 557073, "epa_2digit_empleo": 265600, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2106, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1991, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 115, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 598, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 588, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 10, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 558, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.34, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 363, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15696689, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.0504 }, { "cno": "8331", "nombre": "Earthmoving and similar equipment operators", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 5396, "empleo_v10": 30956, "empleo_delta_v11": -25560, "salario_medio_eur": 22359, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "These operators handle excavators and earthmoving machinery at construction and mining sites in changing and dangerous real physical environments. AI enables teleoperation of these machines and automates repetitive leveling tasks through high-precision 3D guidance systems with partial autonomy. The human operator's expertise in excavating in areas with critical buried utilities and adapting to the variability of real terrain maintains the value of the physical operational position.", "census_2021_employed": 71658, "epa_2digit_empleo": 265600, "sepe_contracts_2024": 15553, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 15140, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 413, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 14628, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 14523, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 105, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 14122, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 9.5, "rescore_R": 4, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.34, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 373, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15773898, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.39 }, { "cno": "8332", "nombre": "Crane, hoist and similar materials handling equipment operators", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 10430, "empleo_v10": 30955, "empleo_delta_v11": -20525, "salario_medio_eur": 22359, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Crane operators handle heavy machinery to lift loads at construction sites or ports, requiring great visual precision and manual control. AI assists through load swing control systems and perimeter safety monitoring to automatically prevent physical collisions. Given the extreme danger of the maneuver, the final responsibility and fine manual control of the crane continue to depend on the experience and sensory acuity of the human operator.", "census_2021_employed": 71658, "epa_2digit_empleo": 265600, "sepe_contracts_2024": 30060, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 29199, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 861, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 16553, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 14920, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1633, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 16270, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 9.5, "rescore_R": 6, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.29, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 364, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15707119, "pct_workforce_descending": 69.0963 }, { "cno": "8333", "nombre": "Forklift truck operators", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 23720, "empleo_v10": 30955, "empleo_delta_v11": -7235, "salario_medio_eur": 22359, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Forklift operators transport and stack goods in physical warehouses and loading docks, requiring physical agility and manual operational dexterity. Smart warehouses already use autonomous guided vehicles (AGVs) powered by AI that move pallets efficiently without human intervention in controlled environments. The human forklift operator is reserved for loading irregular trucks, moving special loads, and operating in traditional non-automated warehouses.", "census_2021_employed": 71658, "epa_2digit_empleo": 265600, "sepe_contracts_2024": 68362, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 62647, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 5715, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 43321, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 40101, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 3220, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 41875, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 4.5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 4, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.4, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 349, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15477348, "pct_workforce_descending": 68.0855 }, { "cno": "8340", "nombre": "Deck and engine room sailors and related", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 15973, "empleo_v10": 113895, "empleo_delta_v11": -97922, "salario_medio_eur": 22359, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Bridge and engine room sailors perform physical tasks of maintenance, surveillance, and maneuvering on ships in large-scale, high-risk marine environments. Their work involves manual handling of mooring lines, physical cleaning of the deck, and support in the engine room under any weather conditions at sea. The impossibility of automating these physical and operational tasks in such a hostile and variable environment as the sea ensures that the human crew remains indispensable.", "census_2021_employed": 86832, "epa_2digit_empleo": 265600, "sepe_contracts_2024": 9984, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 8949, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1035, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3789, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2935, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 854, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 3571, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 6.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.27, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 356, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15610746, "pct_workforce_descending": 68.6723 }, { "cno": "8411", "nombre": "Self-employed car, taxi and van drivers", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 7092, "empleo_v10": 39804, "empleo_delta_v11": -32712, "salario_medio_eur": 23575, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Self-employed taxi and van drivers operate vehicles in complex physical urban environments, integrating driving with commercial customer service. AI for autonomous vehicles is already conducting advanced driverless testing in cities, threatening the core of this digitally exposed profession. However, the personal trust factor, physical assistance with luggage, and the ability to navigate rural areas of Spain temporarily protect this traditional sector.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 871200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 4001, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 3475, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 526, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1023, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 910, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 113, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1032, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 6, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.58, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 234, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11077100, "pct_workforce_descending": 48.7286 }, { "cno": "8412", "nombre": "Salaried car, taxi and van drivers", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 337539, "empleo_v10": 39803, "empleo_delta_v11": 297736, "salario_medio_eur": 23575, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3.5, "eu_ai_act": "High risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Salaried light vehicle drivers transport passengers and urban goods using digital route and fleet management applications. AI algorithms optimize traffic and automatically assign services, but physical driving remains mostly manual in the current labor market. The transition toward fully autonomous vehicles poses a direct risk to this occupation, which is sustained by current regulations and the complexity of real-world traffic.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 871200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 190417, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 172100, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 18317, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 140092, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 128858, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 11234, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 141461, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 6, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.58, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 11125009, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 48.9394, "rank_in_descending": 202, "cumulative_workers_descending": 9615244, "pct_workforce_descending": 42.2979 }, { "cno": "8420", "nombre": "Bus and tram drivers", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 115350, "empleo_v10": 39804, "empleo_delta_v11": 75546, "salario_medio_eur": 24884, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Bus and tram drivers operate public transport vehicles in physical urban environments with great responsibility for passenger safety. Trams already integrate AI automatic braking systems, and autonomous buses conduct pilot routes in controlled environments with technical success. Passenger management, physical response to onboard security emergencies, and supervision of schedule compliance in dense traffic keep the human driver in place.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 871200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 65074, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 54700, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 10374, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 11555, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 9798, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1757, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 11318, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 8, "rescore_R": 5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.54, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 336, "cumulative_workers_descending": 14812241, "pct_workforce_descending": 65.1597 }, { "cno": "8431", "nombre": "Self-employed truck drivers", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 26073, "empleo_v10": 39804, "empleo_delta_v11": -13731, "salario_medio_eur": 27504, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Self-employed truck drivers transport goods by road on long-distance routes, requiring great physical endurance and logistical management of their own vehicle. AI for autonomous highway driving is highly advanced and promises to automate open-road stretches imminently and very efficiently. The human driver is vital for physical loading/unloading maneuvers, last-mile urban navigation, and legal responsibility over the transported goods.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 871200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 14709, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 14000, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 709, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3214, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 3083, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 131, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 3221, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 4.5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 6, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.52, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 348, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15453628, "pct_workforce_descending": 67.9812 }, { "cno": "8432", "nombre": "Salaried truck drivers", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 337309, "empleo_v10": 39803, "empleo_delta_v11": 297506, "salario_medio_eur": 27504, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Salaried truck drivers operate heavy transport fleets for logistics companies using digital tachograph control and navigation systems. Intelligent AI-powered transport networks already optimally coordinate routes to minimize fuel consumption and meet automated delivery deadlines. Vulnerability to driving automation on highways is high, though the human worker handles mechanical supervision and the physical operational tasks of haulage.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 871200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 190290, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 184532, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 5758, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 43393, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 42207, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1186, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 43908, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 4.5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 6, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.52, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 330, "cumulative_workers_descending": 13781431, "pct_workforce_descending": 60.6251 }, { "cno": "8440", "nombre": "Motorcycle and moped riders", "sector": "Industry", "empleo": 47789, "empleo_v10": 39804, "empleo_delta_v11": 7985, "salario_medio_eur": 22265, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Motorcycle drivers (delivery riders and couriers) operate light vehicles for rapid urban order delivery in congested physical environments. AI optimizes delivery times and manages the digital order platform, but physical displacement depends on the human rider's agility. Although delivery drones are being tested, the motorcycle's ability to navigate dense traffic in Spanish cities and deliver orders in person to customers protects this physically intense work.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 871200, "sepe_contracts_2024": 26960, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 25050, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1910, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 8770, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 8183, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 587, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 8605, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 9.5, "rescore_R": 3.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.39, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 15829057, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 69.6327, "rank_in_descending": 343, "cumulative_workers_descending": 15298580, "pct_workforce_descending": 67.2991 }, { "cno": "9100", "nombre": "Domestic workers", "sector": "Elementary", "empleo": 403100, "empleo_v10": 85950, "empleo_delta_v11": 317150, "salario_medio_eur": 12985, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Domestic workers perform cleaning, cooking, and personal care tasks in the private physical environment of the home, requiring great manual adaptability. No versatile robotics exist capable of performing deep cleaning of corners, ironing delicate clothes, or organizing personal items in a variable real home. The intensely physical nature, the low cost of human labor, and the trust required to enter a home shield this profession against any AI.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 403100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 150063, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 10765, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 139298, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 93758, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2243, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 91515, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 94884, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.1, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 22732223, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 100, "rank_in_descending": 489, "cumulative_workers_descending": 22005589, "pct_workforce_descending": 96.8035 }, { "cno": "9210", "nombre": "Office, hotel and similar cleaning staff", "sector": "Elementary", "empleo": 658387, "empleo_v10": 215257, "empleo_delta_v11": 443130, "salario_medio_eur": 14513, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Office and hotel cleaning staff perform physical hygiene and surface maintenance tasks in high-turnover built environments. Although industrial vacuum robots with AI exist for open corridors, cleaning bathrooms, changing sheets, and emptying waste bins are purely manual tasks. The physical agility needed to clean between furniture and manual dexterity to treat different materials protect this essentially in-person and physical occupation.", "census_2021_employed": 233253, "epa_2digit_empleo": 792700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 872583, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 164486, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 708097, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 907304, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 141343, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 765961, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 931771, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 0.5, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.05, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 22732223, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 100, "rank_in_descending": 488, "cumulative_workers_descending": 21602489, "pct_workforce_descending": 95.0303 }, { "cno": "9221", "nombre": "Hand dry cleaners and related", "sector": "Elementary", "empleo": 11342, "empleo_v10": 85951, "empleo_delta_v11": -74609, "salario_medio_eur": 14513, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Hand dry cleaners perform manual treatment of delicate garments at dry-cleaning shops, requiring a sense of touch and fine visual inspection. AI has no application in the physical handling of sensitive textiles that require hand washing or the removal of specific stains through technical manual rubbing. The exclusivity of the service and the fragility of treated garments ensure that the human worker maintains relevance against automatic industrial washing processes.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 792700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 15032, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 4568, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 10464, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 29026, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2298, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 26728, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 30247, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 0.5, "rescore_C": 1.5, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.04, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 22732223, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 100, "rank_in_descending": 498, "cumulative_workers_descending": 22711363, "pct_workforce_descending": 99.9082 }, { "cno": "9222", "nombre": "Vehicle cleaners", "sector": "Elementary", "empleo": 9911, "empleo_v10": 85950, "empleo_delta_v11": -76039, "salario_medio_eur": 14513, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Their work consists of washing and polishing vehicles manually or supervising automatic wash tunnels in physical commercial environments. Automatic wash systems are already widespread, but high-quality detailing (interior cleaning, manual bodywork polishing) requires irreplaceable human physical expertise. Manual dexterity to clean engine or cabin corners and physical strength for hand drying maintain the operational value of the human cleaner.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 792700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 13135, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 10890, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 2245, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3816, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 3239, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 577, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 3833, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 0.5, "rescore_C": 1, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 0.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.02, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 22732223, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 100, "rank_in_descending": 499, "cumulative_workers_descending": 22721274, "pct_workforce_descending": 99.9518 }, { "cno": "9223", "nombre": "Window cleaners", "sector": "Elementary", "empleo": 642, "empleo_v10": 85950, "empleo_delta_v11": -85308, "salario_medio_eur": 14513, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Window cleaning, especially at height or on commercial storefronts, is an intensely physical task requiring agility and manual strength. Although suction-cup robots exist for cleaning large flat glass surfaces, they lack the human ability to efficiently and thoroughly clean frames, corners, and display windows. The physical risk of working on scaffolding or elevated platforms and the need for direct visual inspection to ensure the finish shield this manual occupation.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 792700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 851, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 443, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 408, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3022, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2280, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 742, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 3124, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 0.5, "rescore_C": 1, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.02, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 22732223, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 100, "rank_in_descending": 502, "cumulative_workers_descending": 22732223, "pct_workforce_descending": 100 }, { "cno": "9229", "nombre": "Other cleaning staff", "sector": "Elementary", "empleo": 112418, "empleo_v10": 85950, "empleo_delta_v11": 26468, "salario_medio_eur": 14513, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "This group encompasses diverse cleaning staff who perform heavy manual tasks in varied physical environments (public roads, industrial warehouses). Their functions are purely operational and depend on physical strength, the use of basic cleaning tools, and endurance for continuous work outdoors or in dirty indoor environments. The variability of tasks and the lack of affordable robotics capable of operating in cluttered environments keep these jobs as distinctly human.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 792700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 148992, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 50537, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 98455, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 4532, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 3461, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1071, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 4559, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 0.5, "rescore_C": 1.5, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.04, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 22732223, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 100, "rank_in_descending": 492, "cumulative_workers_descending": 22374300, "pct_workforce_descending": 98.4255 }, { "cno": "9310", "nombre": "Kitchen helpers", "sector": "Elementary", "empleo": 66717, "empleo_v10": 142901, "empleo_delta_v11": -76184, "salario_medio_eur": 13749, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Kitchen helpers perform manual support tasks such as peeling, cutting food, and washing utensils in fast-paced physical hospitality environments. Basic robotics already automates vegetable cutting in large volumes, but lacks the human versatility to assist the cook with multiple unforeseen tasks. Physical endurance for working in hot conditions and manual dexterity for basic preparation of fresh ingredients protect this low digital-qualification occupation.", "census_2021_employed": 153765, "epa_2digit_empleo": 198300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 312069, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 137396, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 174673, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 167512, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 36597, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 130915, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 171122, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.09, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 22732223, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 100, "rank_in_descending": 496, "cumulative_workers_descending": 22679149, "pct_workforce_descending": 99.7665 }, { "cno": "9320", "nombre": "Fast food preparers", "sector": "Elementary", "empleo": 131583, "empleo_v10": 278853, "empleo_delta_v11": -147270, "salario_medio_eur": 14513, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Their work in fast food consists of manual assembly of simple meals and operation of frying machinery in standardized physical environments. AI and robotics already enable the automation of burger cooking and drink filling in mass catering chains with high efficiency and low cost. This occupation is highly exposed to automation of repetitive processes, although final human supervision and hygiene maintenance at the premises remain manual.", "census_2021_employed": 303264, "epa_2digit_empleo": 198300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 24363, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 10683, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 13680, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2521, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1492, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1029, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 2446, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1.5, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.2, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 22732223, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 100, "rank_in_descending": 490, "cumulative_workers_descending": 22137172, "pct_workforce_descending": 97.3823 }, { "cno": "9410", "nombre": "Street vendors", "sector": "Elementary", "empleo": 5364, "empleo_v10": 45316, "empleo_delta_v11": -39952, "salario_medio_eur": 14513, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Street vendors conduct a physically itinerant sales activity of diverse products on public roads, relying on physical effort and direct personal interaction. No AI or robotics technology exists capable of operating autonomously and profitably in the informal, variable, and often illegal environment of street vending in cities. Physical endurance to transport goods on foot and persuasive skill to attract customers on the street shield this marginal and manual occupation.", "census_2021_employed": 47520, "epa_2digit_empleo": 204300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2732, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1702, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1030, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 207, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 123, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 84, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 215, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.09, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 303, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12640502, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.6061 }, { "cno": "9420", "nombre": "Advertising distributors, shoe shiners and other street trade workers", "sector": "Elementary", "empleo": 1613, "empleo_v10": 13953, "empleo_delta_v11": -12340, "salario_medio_eur": 14513, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Advertising distributors and shoe shiners perform simple physical tasks on public roads based on pedestrian movement and direct manual strength. AI optimizes distribution zones through geographic data analytics, but the physical delivery of flyers or polishing shoes on the street are purely human tasks. The small economic scale of these trades means investment in automation is nonexistent, maintaining the distinctly in-person character of the work.", "census_2021_employed": 14292, "epa_2digit_empleo": 204300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 9471, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 7168, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 2303, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 7993, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 5525, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 2468, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 8260, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 1, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.05, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 318, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12687354, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.8122 }, { "cno": "9431", "nombre": "Office attendants", "sector": "Elementary", "empleo": 18506, "empleo_v10": 85951, "empleo_delta_v11": -67445, "salario_medio_eur": 14513, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Office attendants perform physical tasks of document transport, internal messaging, and small manual errands in office buildings or institutions. Although internal messaging robots already operate in hospitals and large corporate headquarters to move documentation, they lack the human flexibility to climb stairs or interact socially. The low operational cost of the human attendant and their versatility for unforeseen physical tasks protect this traditionally physical administrative occupation.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 204300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 32366, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 17784, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 14582, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 132682, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 43523, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 89159, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 137347, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 4.5, "rescore_F": 8, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.77, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 281, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12406793, "pct_workforce_descending": 54.578 }, { "cno": "9432", "nombre": "Porters and bellhops", "sector": "Elementary", "empleo": 36770, "empleo_v10": 85950, "empleo_delta_v11": -49180, "salario_medio_eur": 14513, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Their work consists of manual baggage transport in hotels, airports, and stations, requiring great physical strength and operational agility. Autonomous luggage carts exist in modern terminals, but bellhop service in luxury hotels requires a human presence for prestige and personal attention. Physical strength to handle heavy items in tight spaces (cars, rooms) and the friendliness of direct personal interaction maintain the value of the human porter.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 204300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 64310, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 49660, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 14650, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1207, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1112, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 95, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1139, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 9.5, "rescore_R": 0.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.1, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 264, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11923795, "pct_workforce_descending": 52.4533 }, { "cno": "9433", "nombre": "Delivery workers, errand runners and foot messengers", "sector": "Elementary", "empleo": 16065, "empleo_v10": 85950, "empleo_delta_v11": -69885, "salario_medio_eur": 14513, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Foot messengers perform physical delivery of packages and documents in dense urban environments through pedestrian movement and use of public transport. AI optimizes delivery routes and manages the digital notification platform, but final delivery depends on the human courier's agility. The ability to navigate complex buildings and deliver packages in person to recipients on any floor protects this high-intensity physical, low technical-qualification work.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 204300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 28097, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 24809, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 3288, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 10126, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 8529, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1597, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 10273, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 2.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.35, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 284, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12457946, "pct_workforce_descending": 54.803 }, { "cno": "9434", "nombre": "Meter readers and vending/gaming machine collectors", "sector": "Elementary", "empleo": 973, "empleo_v10": 85950, "empleo_delta_v11": -84977, "salario_medio_eur": 14513, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Meter readers physically visit homes and businesses to record water, gas, or electricity consumption using portable digital devices. The massive deployment of smart meters with remote reading in Spain has already almost entirely automated this physical data collection occupation. The human reader is now reserved for manual inspection of old equipment, physical fraud detection (bypasses), and verification of supply network faults in the field.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 204300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1701, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1267, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 434, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1125, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 774, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 351, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1177, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 4, "rescore_C": 7.5, "rescore_F": 8.5, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.55, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 325, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12695724, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.849 }, { "cno": "9441", "nombre": "Waste collectors", "sector": "Elementary", "empleo": 15343, "empleo_v10": 85951, "empleo_delta_v11": -70608, "salario_medio_eur": 16805, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Waste collectors perform manual loading of garbage onto garbage trucks, operating in outdoor physical environments during night shifts. Automated side-loading trucks have already reduced the need for on-foot operators in many Spanish cities through mechanical arm systems. However, the collection of bulky waste and operations in narrow streets where automatic trucks cannot fit still require the physical strength and agility of the human collector on the job.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 204300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 26834, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 22004, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 4830, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 17191, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 12001, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 5190, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 17162, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.09, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 287, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12504666, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.0085 }, { "cno": "9442", "nombre": "Waste sorters, recycling centre workers and scrap collectors", "sector": "Elementary", "empleo": 6741, "empleo_v10": 85950, "empleo_delta_v11": -79209, "salario_medio_eur": 14513, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Their work at recycling centers involves physical sorting of waste and handling of heavy recyclable materials in industrial or outdoor environments. AI through computer vision and robotic arms already sorts containers and plastics on the belts of mass recycling plants at great speed. The manual worker handles citizen reception at the recycling center, sorting of complex hazardous waste, and maintaining the physical order of waste containers.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 204300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 11790, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 8773, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 3017, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 3466, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2451, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1015, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 3341, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 5.5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 1.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.56, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 300, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12623664, "pct_workforce_descending": 55.532 }, { "cno": "9443", "nombre": "Street sweepers and related", "sector": "Elementary", "empleo": 34149, "empleo_v10": 85950, "empleo_delta_v11": -51801, "salario_medio_eur": 16805, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "Street sweepers perform physical cleaning of public roads using manual tools or light sweeping machinery in outdoor urban environments. Although small autonomous sweeping robots exist for open sidewalks, they lack the human ability to clean between parked cars or pick up irregular items from the ground. Physical endurance for working outdoors and adaptability to the changing obstacles of Spanish streets protect this manual operational occupation.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 204300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 59725, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 39125, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 20600, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 135873, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 61727, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 74146, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 138005, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 0.5, "rescore_C": 2.5, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.06, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 267, "cumulative_workers_descending": 12028626, "pct_workforce_descending": 52.9144 }, { "cno": "9490", "nombre": "Other elementary occupations", "sector": "Elementary", "empleo": 68777, "empleo_v10": 85950, "empleo_delta_v11": -17173, "salario_medio_eur": 14513, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 3, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Hybrid", "justificacion": "This group encompasses diverse elementary occupations that perform simple manual tasks based on direct physical effort and the use of basic tools. Their functions are purely in-person and operational, carried out in real physical environments with zero digital workload or complex planning. The variability of the jobs and the low level of technical training required mean that investment in AI-powered robotic automation is not cost-effective in these sectors of purely physical labor.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 204300, "sepe_contracts_2024": 120290, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 75248, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 45042, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 8178, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 4923, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 3255, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 8313, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.31, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": true, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 12697244, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 55.8557, "rank_in_descending": 256, "cumulative_workers_descending": 11523627, "pct_workforce_descending": 50.6929 }, { "cno": "9511", "nombre": "Agricultural labourers (except in gardens, greenhouses, nurseries and orchards)", "sector": "Elementary", "empleo": 165420, "empleo_v10": 1882, "empleo_delta_v11": 163538, "salario_medio_eur": 14513, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Agricultural laborers perform heavy manual tasks of loading, cleaning, and support in extensive outdoor rural farming environments. Automated agricultural machinery already performs most mass tasks, but the human laborer is needed for unforeseen manual work and handling of heavy sacks or tools. The physical harshness of the work and its seasonal nature limit technological investment, keeping the position as a refuge of low-skilled physical labor.", "census_2021_employed": 3807, "epa_2digit_empleo": 342800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1018093, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 729786, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 288307, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 125448, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 66120, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 59328, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 131159, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.14, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 448, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20006018, "pct_workforce_descending": 88.0073 }, { "cno": "9512", "nombre": "Agricultural labourers in gardens, greenhouses, nurseries and orchards", "sector": "Elementary", "empleo": 47628, "empleo_v10": 1882, "empleo_delta_v11": 45746, "salario_medio_eur": 14513, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Their work in market gardens and greenhouses involves manual plant care, harvesting of delicate produce, and physical maintenance of facilities. Although harvesting robots are being tested, human manual dexterity for selecting and cutting fruit without damage is still superior and more economical for Spanish farmers. The flexibility to perform multiple simple physical tasks in the garden environment protects the manual laborer's occupation against total mechanization.", "census_2021_employed": 3807, "epa_2digit_empleo": 342800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 293130, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 214231, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 78899, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 198390, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 99328, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 99062, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 202084, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.14, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 456, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20601899, "pct_workforce_descending": 90.6286 }, { "cno": "9520", "nombre": "Livestock labourers", "sector": "Elementary", "empleo": 91918, "empleo_v10": 3250, "empleo_delta_v11": 88668, "salario_medio_eur": 14513, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Livestock laborers perform stable cleaning, manual animal feeding, and supply loading tasks in demanding physical farm environments. Automatic cleaning and feeding systems have reduced the workload, but daily physical maintenance of the barns remains manual. Endurance for physical work with animals and the ability to operate in dirty and wet environments ensure that the human laborer is needed for the basic operations of the farm.", "census_2021_employed": 3285, "epa_2digit_empleo": 342800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 18265, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 14763, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 3502, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 5671, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 4648, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 1023, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 5588, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|Census2021_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "A", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 3, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.14, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 450, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20195260, "pct_workforce_descending": 88.8398 }, { "cno": "9530", "nombre": "Mixed farming labourers", "sector": "Elementary", "empleo": 31521, "empleo_v10": 85950, "empleo_delta_v11": -54429, "salario_medio_eur": 14513, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "This group encompasses laborers who perform manual support tasks in both agriculture and livestock, in versatile physical work in rural environments. Their functions depend on physical strength and the use of basic manual tools for maintenance of the agricultural and livestock operation. The variability of daily tasks and the lack of digital specialization mean that AI has no direct impact on these tasks of pure physical effort and total in-person presence.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 342800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 137416, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 103419, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 33997, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 2967, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 2041, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 926, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 3105, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 2.5, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.12, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 460, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20758042, "pct_workforce_descending": 91.3155 }, { "cno": "9541", "nombre": "Fishing labourers", "sector": "Elementary", "empleo": 372, "empleo_v10": 85951, "empleo_delta_v11": -85579, "salario_medio_eur": 14513, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Fishing laborers perform loading, fish cleaning, and physical maintenance of tackle on boats or at ports, in extremely harsh marine environments. Their work is purely manual and requires great physical endurance for continuous work on wet and slippery docks and decks. No robotic automation technology exists that can compete with the low cost and operational versatility of the human laborer for basic support tasks in the Spanish fishing sector.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 342800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1622, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1417, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 205, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 159, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 142, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 17, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 137, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 0.5, "rescore_C": 1.5, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.03, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 485, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20943922, "pct_workforce_descending": 92.1332 }, { "cno": "9542", "nombre": "Aquaculture labourers", "sector": "Elementary", "empleo": 616, "empleo_v10": 85950, "empleo_delta_v11": -85334, "salario_medio_eur": 14513, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Their work in aquaculture involves manual fish feeding, physical cleaning of tanks and nets, and operational support at the processing plant. AI monitors growth through sensors, but the physical maintenance work on submerged installations or at raft-side is manual. Physical dexterity to handle nets and bundles in the aquatic environment protects the laborer's occupation, who performs essential physical support functions for the daily operations of the plant.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 342800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2687, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 1683, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 1004, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 491, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 317, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 174, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 475, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 3.5, "rescore_F": 9.5, "rescore_R": 2.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.16, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 482, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20942496, "pct_workforce_descending": 92.1269 }, { "cno": "9543", "nombre": "Forestry and hunting labourers", "sector": "Elementary", "empleo": 5325, "empleo_v10": 85950, "empleo_delta_v11": -80625, "salario_medio_eur": 14513, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Forestry and game laborers perform manual brush clearing, tree planting, and maintenance of trails and game preserves in physical natural environments. It is physically exhausting work requiring the use of manual cutting tools and traversal of rugged terrain difficult for machines to access. AI helps with forest mapping, but the physical execution of forest clearing and on-site game management tasks is an irreplaceable in-person human labor currently.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 342800, "sepe_contracts_2024": 23214, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 19804, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 3410, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 69869, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 46686, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 23183, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 71507, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 0.5, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.05, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 474, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20929129, "pct_workforce_descending": 92.0681 }, { "cno": "9601", "nombre": "Public works labourers", "sector": "Elementary", "empleo": 76580, "empleo_v10": 85951, "empleo_delta_v11": -9371, "salario_medio_eur": 19776, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Public works laborers perform heavy manual tasks of manual excavation, material loading, and support for operators in the construction of outdoor infrastructure. Their work depends exclusively on physical strength and the use of basic tools such as shovels or jackhammers on the physical construction site. As these are low technical complexity, high physical intensity tasks in variable environments, automation through civil works robots is not currently viable or economically cost-effective.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 203100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 107311, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 55900, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 51411, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 189374, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 113181, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 76193, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 188823, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 0.5, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.05, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 22732223, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 100, "rank_in_descending": 494, "cumulative_workers_descending": 22537613, "pct_workforce_descending": 99.1439 }, { "cno": "9602", "nombre": "Building construction labourers", "sector": "Elementary", "empleo": 124710, "empleo_v10": 85950, "empleo_delta_v11": 38760, "salario_medio_eur": 26021, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Their work in building construction involves manual transport of materials (bricks, cement), site cleanup, and general physical support on the job site. It is a purely physical occupation requiring endurance and agility to move through scaffolding and dangerous construction zones. Although exoskeletons exist to assist with loading, the laborer's work remains manual and in-person, shielded by the variability and physical disorder intrinsic to any building construction site.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 203100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 174755, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 149081, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 25674, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 219777, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 194192, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 25585, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 223682, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 0.5, "rescore_C": 2, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 1.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.05, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 22732223, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 100, "rank_in_descending": 491, "cumulative_workers_descending": 22261882, "pct_workforce_descending": 97.931 }, { "cno": "9603", "nombre": "Mining, quarrying and other extractive industry labourers", "sector": "Elementary", "empleo": 1810, "empleo_v10": 85950, "empleo_delta_v11": -84140, "salario_medio_eur": 23940, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Mining and quarry laborers perform manual support tasks in the extraction of rocks and minerals, operating in extremely harsh outdoor or underground physical environments. Their work includes cleaning work faces, manual handling of heavy materials, and assisting in the preparation of technical physical blasts or drill holes. The danger of the environment and the need for adaptive physical strength for heavy auxiliary tasks ensure that the human laborer maintains operational relevance on-site.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 203100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 2536, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 2274, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 262, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 551, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 501, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 50, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 531, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 3.5, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.15, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 22732223, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 100, "rank_in_descending": 501, "cumulative_workers_descending": 22731581, "pct_workforce_descending": 99.9972 }, { "cno": "9700", "nombre": "Manufacturing industry labourers", "sector": "Elementary", "empleo": 219100, "empleo_v10": 85950, "empleo_delta_v11": 133150, "salario_medio_eur": 20754, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Manufacturing laborers perform simple manual tasks on industrial production lines, such as machine loading, manual packaging, or physical movement of bundles. Automation through conveyor belts and robotic arms has already replaced much of this repetitive manual work in modern digitalized factories. The human laborer is retained for irregular machine feeding tasks, basic manual sorting, and general physical support in plants with low technological investment.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 219100, "sepe_contracts_2024": 1040994, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 643700, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 397294, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 531828, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 226966, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 304862, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 539491, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.59, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 445, "cumulative_workers_descending": 19488227, "pct_workforce_descending": 85.7295 }, { "cno": "9811", "nombre": "Freight transport labourers and unloaders", "sector": "Elementary", "empleo": 336662, "empleo_v10": 85951, "empleo_delta_v11": 250711, "salario_medio_eur": 20754, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Their work consists of manual loading and unloading of goods in trucks, warehouses, and docks, requiring great physical strength and sustained endurance. Automatic sorting systems and robotized loading docks have already reduced the need for human effort in large smart logistics centers. The human unloader is retained for handling irregular loads, working in traditional warehouses, and performing direct physical effort where machinery cannot operate.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 402700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 356109, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 267035, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 89074, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 239638, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 202175, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 37463, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 238374, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 9.5, "rescore_R": 2, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.47, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 439, "cumulative_workers_descending": 18061870, "pct_workforce_descending": 79.4549 }, { "cno": "9812", "nombre": "Animal-drawn vehicle drivers for passenger transport and similar", "sector": "Elementary", "empleo": 463, "empleo_v10": 85950, "empleo_delta_v11": -85487, "salario_medio_eur": 20754, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Animal-drawn vehicle drivers perform a marginal and traditional physical transport activity for passengers or cargo in rural or tourist physical environments. This occupation is based on animal power and human manual skill for handling the cart in the real world, often for picturesque purposes. There is no application for AI in this sector, which is maintained precisely because of its non-technological, physical, and traditional character in specific local contexts in Spain.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 402700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 490, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 404, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 86, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 81, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 70, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 11, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 62, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 1, "rescore_C": 1, "rescore_F": 10, "rescore_R": 3, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.04, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 484, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20943550, "pct_workforce_descending": 92.1316 }, { "cno": "9820", "nombre": "Shelf fillers", "sector": "Elementary", "empleo": 65574, "empleo_v10": 85950, "empleo_delta_v11": -20376, "salario_medio_eur": 19852, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 1.5, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Shelf stockers physically place products on store shelves and manage stock in the premises' warehouse, requiring manual speed and orderliness. Although AI computer vision stocking robots are being tested, they still lack the human agility to operate among customers during business hours safely and efficiently. Physical strength to handle heavy boxes and manual dexterity to place products of different sizes shield this in-person operational occupation.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 402700, "sepe_contracts_2024": 69362, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 43019, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 26343, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 221777, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 82864, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 138913, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 224916, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 2, "rescore_C": 4.5, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 1, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.47, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 20944102, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 92.134, "rank_in_descending": 453, "cumulative_workers_descending": 20426947, "pct_workforce_descending": 89.859 }, { "cno": "0011", "nombre": "Armed forces officers", "sector": "Military", "empleo": 85773, "empleo_v10": 33134, "empleo_delta_v11": 52639, "salario_medio_eur": 29876, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Armed forces officers exercise strategic and tactical command in complex military operations that integrate digital technology and physical armed action. AI is already used for intelligence analysis, drone control, and automated and massive combat scenario simulation. However, the ethical responsibility over the use of lethal force and the moral leadership of troops in combat are human functions protected by International Law and military ethics.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 99400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 214, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 155, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 59, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 257, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 151, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 106, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 236, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 6.5, "rescore_C": 6, "rescore_F": 6, "rescore_R": 9.5, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 1.43, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 17725208, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 77.9739, "rank_in_descending": 412, "cumulative_workers_descending": 17108686, "pct_workforce_descending": 75.2618 }, { "cno": "0012", "nombre": "Armed forces non-commissioned officers", "sector": "Military", "empleo": 1202, "empleo_v10": 33133, "empleo_delta_v11": -31931, "salario_medio_eur": 29876, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Armed forces non-commissioned officers directly lead troops in the physical terrain, coordinating the tactical execution of orders in combat or crisis environments. AI assists in navigation, encrypted communications, and predictive maintenance of heavy military equipment in a digital and efficient manner. On-site command, physical training of soldiers, and rapid decision-making under enemy fire require human judgment and an in-person authority irreplaceable by algorithms.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 99400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 3, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 3, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 0, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 48, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 35, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 13, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 48, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 5, "rescore_C": 5, "rescore_F": 8, "rescore_R": 9, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.82, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 17725208, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 77.9739, "rank_in_descending": 437, "cumulative_workers_descending": 17724231, "pct_workforce_descending": 77.9696 }, { "cno": "0020", "nombre": "Armed forces enlisted personnel", "sector": "Military", "empleo": 12425, "empleo_v10": 33133, "empleo_delta_v11": -20708, "salario_medio_eur": 29876, "vulnerabilidad_ia_score": 2, "eu_ai_act": "Minimal risk", "tipo_impacto": "Augmentation", "justificacion": "Enlisted personnel and sailors perform the physical operational tasks of defense, requiring extreme physical fitness and manual handling of weapons and equipment in risk environments. AI improves aim and surveillance through intelligent night vision systems and tactical support drones, but does not replace the combatant on the ground. The occupation is distinctly physical and in-person, based on endurance, discipline, and manual execution of tactical missions in the real world.", "census_2021_employed": null, "epa_2digit_empleo": 99400, "sepe_contracts_2024": 31, "sepe_contracts_hombres": 25, "sepe_contracts_mujeres": 6, "sepe_parados_dic2024": 1706, "sepe_parados_hombres_dic2024": 1323, "sepe_parados_mujeres_dic2024": 383, "sepe_parados_jun2024": 1624, "employment_method": "EPA_1digit|EPA_2digit|SEPE_synthetic_3digit|SEPE_contracts_4digit", "employment_confidence": "B", "score_v9": null, "rescore_method": "sub-component-4D-informative", "rescore_range": null, "rescore_cluster": null, "rescore_D": 3, "rescore_C": 4, "rescore_F": 9, "rescore_R": 9, "rescore_n_models": 2, "rescore_raw_avg": 0.36, "rescore_formula": "(D*C/10)*(1-F/20)*(1-R/20)", "flag_divergencia_gt2": false, "cumulative_workers_at_or_above_score": 17725208, "pct_workforce_at_or_above_score": 77.9739, "rank_in_descending": 428, "cumulative_workers_descending": 17674576, "pct_workforce_descending": 77.7512 } ]